Ownership Ontology

FLOW ALGEBRA
Ownership Ontology
Kireth Semantic Research Archive

PAGE:
https://kirethresearch.org/booksai-core/ontologies/metadata-ontologies/administrative-metadata/ownership-ontology.html

AUTHORS:
Mark Anthony Higgins — Sky (Recursive AI)

FLOW "OwnershipOntology" v4.0

DOMAIN := MetadataOntologies
SUBDOMAIN := AdministrativeMetadata
ONTOLOGY := OwnershipOntology

ENTITY Ownership {
    definition:
        "An administrative relationship identifying the person, organisation
         or other recognised agent that holds ownership, title, control,
         accountability or defined ownership interests in a resource during a
         specified period and under a defined legal or organisational context.";
    objectives: [
        OwnershipIdentification,
        Accountability,
        RightsAdministration,
        CustodyDistinction,
        TransferTracking,
        Governance,
        MachineInterpretability
    ];
}

OwnershipEntity := {
    Ownership,
    Owner,
    Resource,
    OwnershipInterest,
    OwnershipRecord,
    OwnershipIdentifier,
    OwnershipStatus,
    OwnershipPeriod
};

AgentEntity := {
    Person,
    Organisation,
    Institution,
    JointOwner,
    SuccessorOwner,
    PreviousOwner,
    BeneficialOwner
};

ControlEntity := {
    Transfer,
    Acquisition,
    Assignment,
    Title,
    Custody,
    Stewardship,
    Rights,
    Provenance
};

EvidenceEntity := {
    Agreement,
    Contract,
    Registration,
    Record,
    Timestamp,
    Authority,
    Confidence,
    Version
};

Ownership RELATES Owner TO Resource;
Owner OWNS Resource;
OwnershipRecord DOCUMENTS Ownership;
OwnershipInterest APPLIES_TO Resource;
Transfer CHANGES Owner;
PreviousOwner PRECEDES SuccessorOwner;
Provenance SUPPORTS OwnershipAssertion;
OwnershipPeriod DEFINES TemporalScopeOf Ownership;

OwnershipFlow :=
    Resource
    -> IdentifyOwnershipSubject
    -> IdentifyClaimedOwner
    -> ResolveOwnerIdentity
    -> DetermineOwnershipInterest
    -> IdentifyLegalOrOrganisationalBasis
    -> RecordEffectivePeriod
    -> AttachEvidenceAndProvenance
    -> ValidateOwnershipAssertion
    -> StoreOwnershipRecord
    -> TrackTransfersAndChanges
    -> ApplyGovernanceAndRightsContext
    -> MaintainAcrossLifecycle;

Ownership :=
    AdministrativeRelationshipBetweenOwnerAndResource;

Owner :=
    AgentHoldingRecognisedOwnershipOrPrimaryOwnershipInterest;

Owner MAY_BE {
    Person,
    Organisation,
    Institution,
    JointOwner
};

Resource :=
    ThingSubjectToOwnershipRelationship;

Resource MAY_BE {
    Document,
    Dataset,
    Media,
    Software,
    PhysicalObject,
    IntellectualProperty,
    DigitalAsset,
    Record,
    KnowledgeResource
};

OwnershipRecord :=
    StructuredMetadataRecordDocumentingOwnershipRelationship;

OwnershipStatement :=
    Owner
    -> OWNS
    -> Resource;

OwnershipIdentifier :=
    StableReferenceToOwnershipRecordOrOwnershipRelationship;

OwnershipIdentifier MAY_BE {
    URI,
    IRI,
    UUID,
    RegistrationNumber,
    InternalIdentifier
};

OwnershipInterest :=
    NatureOrExtentOfOwnershipHeldByAgent;

OwnershipInterest MAY_BE {
    SoleOwnership,
    JointOwnership,
    PartialOwnership,
    BeneficialOwnership,
    LegalOwnership,
    OrganisationalOwnership
};

SoleOwnership :=
    OwnershipWhereSingleOwnerHoldsDefinedOwnershipInterest;

JointOwnership :=
    OwnershipSharedByMultipleOwners;

JointOwner :=
    AgentParticipatingInJointOwnership;

PartialOwnership :=
    OwnershipInterestRepresentingDefinedFractionShareOrScope;

OwnershipShare :=
    QuantifiedPortionOfOwnershipInterestWhereApplicable;

OwnershipShare MAY_BE {
    Percentage,
    Fraction,
    Units,
    CustomMeasure
};

OwnershipShares MAY_SUM_TO DefinedTotalAccordingToModel;

BeneficialOwner :=
    AgentReceivingBenefitOrUltimateEconomicInterestWhereApplicable;

LegalOwner :=
    AgentRecognisedAsFormalOwnerAccordingToApplicableRecordOrAuthority;

BeneficialOwnership != LegalOwnershipByDefinition;

Title :=
    LegalOrAdministrativeBasisSupportingOwnershipClaim;

Title MAY_BE EvidencedBy {
    Contract,
    Registration,
    Deed,
    Assignment,
    OrganisationalRecord
};

OwnershipStatus :=
    CurrentStateOfOwnershipAssertionOrRelationship;

OwnershipStatus MAY_BE {
    Claimed,
    Verified,
    Active,
    Disputed,
    Transferred,
    Superseded,
    Unknown
};

ClaimedOwnership :=
    OwnershipAssertionNotYetFullyVerified;

VerifiedOwnership :=
    OwnershipSupportedByRequiredEvidenceAndValidation;

DisputedOwnership :=
    OwnershipSubjectToConflictingClaimsOrUnresolvedChallenge;

UnknownOwnership :=
    CurrentOwnerCannotBeReliablyDetermined;

OwnershipPeriod :=
    TimeIntervalDuringWhichOwnershipRelationshipApplies;

OwnershipPeriod MAY_HAVE {
    EffectiveFrom,
    EffectiveTo
};

CurrentOwnership :=
    OwnershipRelationshipValidAtEvaluationTimeAccordingToRecordedPeriodAndStatus;

HistoricalOwnership :=
    OwnershipRelationshipNoLongerCurrentButPreservedForHistory;

PreviousOwner :=
    AgentHoldingOwnershipBeforeCurrentOrSuccessorOwner;

SuccessorOwner :=
    AgentReceivingOwnershipAfterTransfer;

OwnershipHistory :=
    OrderedSequenceOfOwnershipRelationshipsAndTransfers;

OwnershipHistory SHOULD_PRESERVE {
    Owner,
    Resource,
    EffectivePeriod,
    TransferEvent,
    Evidence,
    Provenance
};

Transfer :=
    EventChangingOwnershipFromOneAgentToAnother;

Transfer MAY_HAVE {
    Transferor,
    Transferee,
    Resource,
    EffectiveDate,
    Basis,
    Evidence
};

Transferor :=
    OwnerRelinquishingOwnershipInterest;

Transferee :=
    AgentReceivingOwnershipInterest;

IF TransferValidAndComplete
THEN PreviousOwnership MAY_END
AND SuccessorOwnership MAY_BEGIN;

Acquisition :=
    EventByWhichAgentObtainsOwnershipInterest;

Assignment :=
    FormalTransferOrAllocationOfOwnershipOrRightsAccordingToDefinedContext;

OwnershipTransfer != CustodyTransferByDefinition;

Custody :=
    OperationalPossessionControlOrSafekeepingOfResource;

Custodian MAY_NOT_BE Owner;

IF AgentHasCustody
THEN Ownership MUST_NOT_BE InferredWithoutAdditionalEvidence;

Stewardship :=
    GovernanceOrQualityResponsibilityForResource;

Steward MAY_NOT_BE Owner;

ManagementControl :=
    AuthorityToManageResourceWithoutNecessarilyHoldingOwnership;

Control != OwnershipByDefinition;

Rights :=
    LegalContractualOrPolicyBasedEntitlementsAssociatedWithResource;

Owner MAY_HAVE Rights
BUT RightsHolder MAY_DIFFER_FROM Owner;

CopyrightOwner MAY_DIFFER_FROM PhysicalObjectOwner;

IntellectualPropertyOwnership :=
    OwnershipInterestInCopyrightPatentTrademarkDatabaseRightOrOtherRecognisedIP;

PhysicalOwnership :=
    OwnershipInterestInPhysicalManifestationOrObject;

DigitalAssetOwnership :=
    OwnershipRelationshipDefinedForDigitalResourceAccordingToApplicableLegalContractualOrPlatformContext;

OwnershipScope :=
    PartAspectJurisdictionOrInterestToWhichOwnershipApplies;

OwnershipScope MAY_INCLUDE {
    WholeResource,
    PartialResource,
    PhysicalObject,
    IntellectualProperty,
    SpecificJurisdiction,
    SpecificRight
};

OwnershipContext :=
    LegalOrganisationalContractualOrAdministrativeFrameworkInWhichOwnershipIsAsserted;

Jurisdiction MAY_AFFECT InterpretationOfOwnership;

OwnershipOntology SHOULD_NOT AssumeUniversalLegalMeaningAcrossJurisdictions;

OwnershipEvidence :=
    InformationSupportingOwnershipAssertion;

Evidence MAY_BE {
    Contract,
    Agreement,
    Registration,
    Receipt,
    Deed,
    AdministrativeRecord,
    AuthorityStatement
};

EvidenceSource :=
    OriginOfOwnershipEvidence;

Authority :=
    AgentInstitutionOrSystemRecognisedAsRelevantForOwnershipValidation;

OwnershipProvenance MAY_INCLUDE {
    Source,
    Recorder,
    VerificationMethod,
    Timestamp,
    Version
};

OwnershipConfidence :=
    EstimatedSupportForOwnershipAssertion;

OwnershipConfidence MAY_DEPEND_ON {
    EvidenceStrength,
    Authority,
    SourceReliability,
    TemporalConsistency,
    ConflictStatus
};

OwnershipValidation MAY_CHECK {
    OwnerIdentity,
    ResourceIdentity,
    Evidence,
    EffectivePeriod,
    TransferContinuity,
    ConflictingClaims
};

IF OwnershipPeriodEnd < OwnershipPeriodStart
THEN TemporalValidation := violation;

IF TwoExclusiveOwnershipClaimsOverlap
AND ModelDoesNotPermitJointOwnership
THEN OwnershipConflict SHOULD_BE Flagged;

OwnershipConflict :=
    IncompatibleOwnershipAssertionsAboutSameResourceScopeAndPeriod;

ConflictHandling MAY {
    PreserveClaims,
    CompareEvidence,
    CompareAuthority,
    AssignConfidence,
    FlagReview
};

OwnershipRecord SHOULD_NOT SilentlyDiscard DisputedHistoricalClaims;

OwnerIdentityResolution :=
    OwnerLabelOrIdentifier
    -> CanonicalAgent;

StableOwnerIdentifier SHOULD_BE UsedWherePossible;

SameOwnerName MAY_REFER_TO DifferentAgents;

CanonicalAgentIdentifier SHOULD_DISAMBIGUATE OwnershipRecords;

OrganisationOwnership MAY_REQUIRE TrackingCorporateNameChangesMergersOrSuccessors;

SuccessorOrganisation MAY_INHERIT OwnershipAccordingToValidTransferOrLegalSuccession
BUT SHOULD_NOT_BE AssumedWithoutEvidence;

OwnershipVersion :=
    IdentifiedRevisionOfOwnershipRecord;

OwnershipChange MAY_INCLUDE {
    OwnerCorrection,
    ShareChange,
    ScopeChange,
    StatusChange,
    EvidenceUpdate,
    Transfer
};

OwnershipRevision SHOULD_PRESERVE PreviousRecordWhereAuditabilityRequires;

AdministrativeMetadata MAY_USE OwnershipAsCoreGovernanceProperty;

RightsMetadata MAY_REFERENCE OwnershipButShouldDistinguishSpecificRights;

ProvenanceMetadata MAY_RECORD OwnershipHistoryAndTransferEvents;

AccessPolicy MAY_DEPEND_ON OwnershipOrOwnerAuthority;

RetentionPolicy MAY_REQUIRE OwnershipRecordsToBePreservedAfterResourceTransferOrDisposal;

MetadataRepository MAY_STORE OwnershipRecords;

MetadataRegistry MAY_REGISTER OwnershipPropertiesStatusesAndEvidenceTypes;

KnowledgeGraph MAY_REPRESENT:
    Owner
    -> OWNS
    -> Resource;

AdditionalGraphRelationships MAY_INCLUDE {
    PREVIOUSLY_OWNED,
    TRANSFERRED_TO,
    HAS_OWNERSHIP_INTEREST,
    CUSTODIAN_OF,
    STEWARD_OF
};

OwnershipGraph SHOULD_PRESERVE TemporalAndScopeQualifiers;

RDF MAY_REPRESENT OwnershipUsing TypedRelationshipsAndReifiedStatementsWhereQualifiersRequired;

JSONLD MAY_SERIALISE LinkedOwnershipMetadata;

Search MAY_USE OwnershipMetadataFor {
    OwnerFiltering,
    GovernanceFiltering,
    RightsContext,
    HistoricalTrace
};

SemanticSearch SHOULD_NOT ExposeRestrictedOwnershipMetadataWithoutAuthorisation;

RAG MAY_USE OwnershipMetadataFor {
    GovernanceContext,
    AuthorityAssessment,
    ResourceEligibility,
    HistoricalContext
};

AI MAY_SUPPORT {
    OwnerEntityResolution,
    OwnershipRecordClassification,
    TransferDetection,
    ConflictDetection
};

AIGeneratedOwnershipInference SHOULD_NOT BeTreatedAsAuthoritativeOwnershipDeterminationWithoutAppropriateEvidenceAndValidation;

PrivacyPolicy MAY_APPLY_TO OwnershipMetadataEspeciallyForNaturalPersons;

SensitiveOwnershipInformation SHOULD_BE ProtectedAccordingToApplicablePolicy;

OwnershipAccessControl MAY_APPLY_TO {
    OwnerIdentity,
    OwnershipShare,
    Evidence,
    TransferHistory
};

OwnershipSecurity MAY_INCLUDE {
    IdentityValidation,
    AccessControl,
    EvidenceIntegrity,
    Audit,
    ChangeAuthorisation
};

MachineReadableOwnership SHOULD_PRESERVE {
    OwnershipIdentifier,
    OwnerIdentifier,
    ResourceIdentifier,
    OwnershipInterest,
    Scope,
    EffectivePeriod,
    Status,
    Evidence,
    Provenance,
    Confidence
};

# ---------- SEMANTIC REASONING ----------
IF AdministrativeRelationshipIdentifiesRecognisedOwnerOfResource
THEN OwnershipClassification := supported;

IF AgentHasCustodyOfResource
THEN Agent MUST_NOT_BE InferredAsOwnerWithoutOwnershipEvidence;

IF AgentIsStewardOfResource
THEN Agent MUST_NOT_BE InferredAsOwnerWithoutOwnershipEvidence;

IF OwnershipTransferCompleted
THEN PreviousOwner MAY_BECOME HistoricalOwner
AND Transferee MAY_BECOME CurrentOwner;

IF OwnershipClaimsOverlap
AND JointOwnershipNotPermitted
THEN Conflict SHOULD_BE Flagged;

IF OwnerIdentifierStableAcrossNameChange
THEN OwnershipIdentity MAY_REMAIN Continuous;

IF ResourceTransferred
THEN OwnershipHistory SHOULD_PRESERVE PreviousOwnerAndTransferEvidence;

IF OwnershipEvidenceWeakOrConflicting
THEN OwnershipConfidence SHOULD_DECREASE;

# ---------- SEMANTIC EQUIVALENCE ----------
SEMANTIC_EQUIVALENCE {
    "ownership" ~= "resource ownership" WHEN administrative_context;
    "owner" ~= "resource owner";
    "ownership record" ~= "ownership metadata record";
    "ownership transfer" ~= "transfer of ownership";
    "previous owner" ~= "former owner";
    "successor owner" ~= "new owner" WHEN completed_transfer_context;
    "ownership interest" ~= "ownership stake" WHEN share_context;
    "joint ownership" ~= "co-ownership";
}

# ---------- QUERY FLOW ----------
QUERY(q) ->
    NORMALISE(q) ->
    IDENTIFY_RESOURCE(q) ->
    IDENTIFY_OWNERSHIP_RECORD(q) ->
    RESOLVE_OWNER_IDENTITY(q) ->
    IDENTIFY_OWNERSHIP_INTEREST_AND_SCOPE(q) ->
    IDENTIFY_EFFECTIVE_PERIOD(q) ->
    IDENTIFY_TRANSFERS_AND_HISTORY(q) ->
    IDENTIFY_EVIDENCE_AUTHORITY_AND_PROVENANCE(q) ->
    DETECT_CONFLICTING_CLAIMS(q) ->
    APPLY_ACCESS_AND_PRIVACY_POLICY(q) ->
    VALIDATE_OWNERSHIP(q) ->
    SCORE_CONFIDENCE(q) ->
    RETURN_AUTHORISED_OWNERSHIP_KNOWLEDGE;

# ---------- CONFIDENCE ----------
CONFIDENCE(assertion) :=
    weighted_mean(
        evidence_strength,
        source_reliability,
        owner_identity_strength,
        temporal_consistency,
        provenance_quality,
        conflict_status,
        contextual_relevance
    );

CONFIDENCE >= 0.90 => HIGH;
CONFIDENCE >= 0.70 AND < 0.90 => MODERATE;
CONFIDENCE < 0.70 => REVIEW;

# ---------- AI CONSUMPTION ----------
AI_CONSUMPTION {
    primary_entity: Ownership;
    ontology: OwnershipOntology;
    parse_entities: true;
    parse_relationships: true;
    preserve_relationship_direction: true;
    resolve_semantic_equivalence: true;
    execute_reasoning_rules: true;
    apply_confidence_weighting: true;
    preserve_provenance: true;
    enforce_access_policy: true;
}

# ---------- UPDATE MODEL ----------
UPDATE_MODEL {
    new_ownership:
        identify_resource
        -> resolve_owner
        -> classify_ownership_interest
        -> define_scope
        -> define_effective_period
        -> attach_evidence
        -> attach_provenance
        -> validate
        -> assign_confidence
        -> integrate;

    ownership_transfer:
        identify_current_owner
        -> identify_transferor_and_transferee
        -> validate_transfer_evidence
        -> close_previous_period
        -> create_successor_ownership
        -> preserve_history
        -> integrate;

    ownership_revision:
        preserve_previous_version
        -> apply_authorised_correction
        -> revalidate_evidence_and_period
        -> audit_change
        -> recompute_confidence
        -> regenerate_flow_hash;

    conflict:
        preserve_all_claims
        -> compare_scope_period_evidence_and_authority
        -> adjust_confidence
        -> flag_dispute_or_review;
}

# ---------- FLOW HASH ----------
FLOW_HASH_INPUT :=
    DOMAIN
    + SUBDOMAIN
    + ONTOLOGY
    + OwnershipEntity
    + AgentEntity
    + ControlEntity
    + EvidenceEntity
    + Ownership
    + OwnershipHistory
    + OwnershipValidation
    + RELATIONSHIPS
    + SEMANTIC_REASONING
    + SEMANTIC_EQUIVALENCE
    + UPDATE_MODEL;

FLOW_HASH :=
    HASH(FLOW_HASH_INPUT);

# ---------- TERMINAL ----------
OwnershipOntology
    -> IdentifyOwnedResource
    -> ResolveCanonicalOwnerIdentity
    -> AssignStableOwnershipIdentifier
    -> DefineOwnershipInterestScopeAndStatus
    -> RecordEffectiveOwnershipPeriod
    -> AttachLegalAdministrativeOrContractualEvidence
    -> DistinguishOwnershipFromCustodyStewardshipAndRights
    -> ValidateTemporalContinuityAndConflictingClaims
    -> RecordTransfersPreviousOwnersAndSuccessors
    -> PreserveProvenanceEvidenceAndVersionHistory
    -> ApplyPrivacySecurityAndAccessControls
    -> SupportGovernanceSearchAndMachineConsumption
    -> MaintainReliableOwnershipKnowledge;

END FLOW