Copyright Ontology

FLOW ALGEBRA
Copyright Ontology
Kireth Semantic Research Archive

PAGE:
https://kirethresearch.org/booksai-core/ontologies/metadata-ontologies/administrative-metadata/copyright-ontology.html

AUTHORS:
Mark Anthony Higgins — Sky (Recursive AI)

FLOW "CopyrightOntology" v4.0

DOMAIN := MetadataOntologies
SUBDOMAIN := AdministrativeMetadata
ONTOLOGY := CopyrightOntology

ENTITY Copyright {
    definition:
        "Administrative metadata representing copyright status, ownership,
         rights holders, protected works, permissions, restrictions, licences,
         jurisdiction, duration and evidential information associated with a
         resource.";
    objectives: [
        CopyrightIdentification,
        RightsHolderIdentification,
        PermissionManagement,
        RestrictionManagement,
        LicenceIntegration,
        RightsLifecycleTracking,
        MachineInterpretability
    ];
}

CopyrightEntity := {
    Copyright,
    CopyrightWork,
    CopyrightStatus,
    CopyrightHolder,
    CopyrightRecord,
    CopyrightIdentifier,
    CopyrightNotice,
    CopyrightTerm
};

RightsEntity := {
    Right,
    ReproductionRight,
    DistributionRight,
    AdaptationRight,
    CommunicationRight,
    PerformanceRight,
    Permission,
    Restriction,
    Licence
};

AgentEntity := {
    Creator,
    Author,
    CopyrightHolder,
    Assignee,
    Licensor,
    Licensee,
    Organisation
};

EvidenceEntity := {
    Registration,
    Agreement,
    Assignment,
    LicenceDocument,
    Notice,
    Provenance,
    Timestamp,
    Jurisdiction
};

Copyright APPLIES_TO CopyrightWork;
CopyrightHolder HOLDS CopyrightRights;
CopyrightRecord DOCUMENTS CopyrightStatus;
Licence GRANTS DefinedPermissions;
Restriction LIMITS UseOf CopyrightWork;
Assignment TRANSFERS CopyrightInterest;
Provenance SUPPORTS CopyrightAssertion;

CopyrightFlow :=
    Resource
    -> IdentifyCopyrightWork
    -> DetermineCopyrightStatus
    -> ResolveCopyrightHolder
    -> IdentifyApplicableRights
    -> IdentifyLicencePermissionsAndRestrictions
    -> DetermineJurisdictionAndTerm
    -> AttachEvidenceAndProvenance
    -> ValidateCopyrightMetadata
    -> StoreCopyrightRecord
    -> ApplyRightsAndAccessControls
    -> TrackAssignmentsAndExpiry
    -> MaintainAcrossLifecycle;

CopyrightWork :=
    ResourceOrCreativeWorkPotentiallySubjectToCopyrightProtection;

CopyrightWork MAY_BE {
    Text,
    Image,
    Audio,
    Video,
    Software,
    Database,
    Website,
    Illustration,
    Photograph,
    MusicalWork,
    OtherCreativeWork
};

Copyright :=
    LegalRightsRelationshipAssociatedWithProtectedWorkAccordingToApplicableLaw;

CopyrightOntology SHOULD_NOT AssumeUniversalLegalRulesAcrossJurisdictions;

CopyrightStatus :=
    AdministrativeClassificationOfCopyrightCondition;

CopyrightStatus MAY_BE {
    Copyrighted,
    PublicDomain,
    Licensed,
    Unknown,
    Uncertain,
    Expired,
    NotApplicable
};

UnknownCopyrightStatus != PublicDomainByDefinition;

AbsenceOfCopyrightNotice DOES_NOT Establish PublicDomainStatus;

CopyrightRecord :=
    StructuredMetadataRecordDocumentingCopyrightInformation;

CopyrightStatement :=
    CopyrightWork
    -> HAS_COPYRIGHT_STATUS
    -> CopyrightStatus;

CopyrightIdentifier :=
    StableReferenceToCopyrightRecordOrRegisteredCopyrightInterest;

CopyrightIdentifier MAY_BE {
    URI,
    IRI,
    UUID,
    RegistrationNumber,
    InternalIdentifier
};

CopyrightHolder :=
    AgentHoldingOneOrMoreCopyrightRights;

CopyrightHolder MAY_BE {
    Creator,
    Author,
    Organisation,
    Assignee,
    Successor
};

Creator MAY_INITIALISE CopyrightInterestAccordingToApplicableLaw
BUT OwnershipMayDifferBecauseOfEmploymentAssignmentContractOrOtherRules;

CopyrightOwner :=
    AgentHoldingCopyrightOwnershipInterest;

CopyrightHolder MAY_HAVE OneOrMoreSpecificRightsWithoutHoldingAllRights;

RightsHolder :=
    AgentHoldingSpecifiedRight;

CopyrightHolderAndPhysicalOwner MAY_BE DifferentAgents;

OwnershipOfPhysicalObject DOES_NOT AutomaticallyConfer CopyrightOwnership;

CopyrightNotice :=
    HumanReadableNoticeCommunicatingCopyrightClaimOrStatus;

CopyrightNotice MAY_INCLUDE {
    CopyrightSymbol,
    Year,
    RightsHolderName,
    RightsStatement
};

CopyrightNotice MAY_SUPPORT Communication
BUT LegalEffectDependsOnJurisdictionAndContext;

CopyrightYear :=
    YearAssociatedWithCopyrightNoticeOrRelevantCopyrightEvent;

CopyrightTerm :=
    PeriodDuringWhichCopyrightProtectionAppliesAccordingToApplicableLaw;

CopyrightTerm MAY_HAVE {
    StartDate,
    EndDate,
    TriggerEvent,
    Jurisdiction
};

TermCalculation MAY_DEPEND_ON {
    WorkType,
    CreatorStatus,
    PublicationDate,
    DeathDate,
    Jurisdiction,
    HistoricalLaw
};

AutomatedTermCalculation SHOULD_BE TreatedAsPolicyOrLegalRuleDependent;

Jurisdiction :=
    LegalTerritoryWhoseCopyrightRulesAreRelevant;

MultipleJurisdictions MAY_APPLY_TO UseDistributionOrEnforcement;

Right :=
    LegallyRecognisedExclusiveOrControlledActionAssociatedWithWork;

CopyrightRights MAY_INCLUDE {
    ReproductionRight,
    DistributionRight,
    AdaptationRight,
    CommunicationRight,
    PerformanceRight,
    DisplayRight
};

ReproductionRight :=
    RightToCopyOrReproduceWork;

DistributionRight :=
    RightToDistributeCopiesOrMakeAvailableAccordingToApplicableLaw;

AdaptationRight :=
    RightToCreateDerivativeOrAdaptedWorks;

CommunicationRight :=
    RightToCommunicateTransmitOrMakeWorkAvailable;

PerformanceRight :=
    RightToPerformWorkPubliclyAccordingToApplicableContext;

DisplayRight :=
    RightToDisplayWorkAccordingToApplicableContext;

RightScope MAY_HAVE {
    Territory,
    Duration,
    Medium,
    Purpose,
    Audience
};

Permission :=
    AuthorisationToPerformSpecifiedAction;

Permission MAY_BE {
    Reproduce,
    Distribute,
    Adapt,
    Display,
    Perform,
    Translate,
    UseCommercially
};

Restriction :=
    ConstraintOnUseOfCopyrightWork;

Restriction MAY_INCLUDE {
    NoCommercialUse,
    NoModification,
    AttributionRequired,
    LimitedDistribution,
    TerritoryRestriction,
    TimeRestriction
};

Licence :=
    LegalOrContractualInstrumentGrantingDefinedPermissionsSubjectToConditions;

Licensor :=
    AgentGrantingLicence;

Licensee :=
    AgentReceivingLicence;

Licence MAY_DEFINE {
    GrantedRights,
    Restrictions,
    Territory,
    Duration,
    Attribution,
    Fees,
    Termination
};

OpenLicence :=
    LicenceProvidingBroadPermissionsSubjectToDefinedConditions;

ProprietaryLicence :=
    LicenceWhosePermissionsAreLimitedBySpecificContractualTerms;

LicenceStatus MAY_BE {
    Active,
    Expired,
    Terminated,
    Superseded,
    Unknown
};

PermissionDecision :=
    RequestedUse
    + CopyrightStatus
    + Rights
    + Licence
    + Restrictions
    -> PermitDenyOrReview;

PermissionDecision MAY_BE {
    Permit,
    Deny,
    ReviewRequired
};

IF ExplicitLicencePermitsUse
AND NoApplicableRestrictionOverrides
THEN Use MAY_BE PermittedWithinLicenceScope;

IF CopyrightStatusUnknown
THEN System SHOULD_NOT AssumePermissionWithoutPolicyBasis;

Assignment :=
    TransferOfCopyrightOwnershipOrSpecifiedRightsFromOneAgentToAnother;

Assignor :=
    AgentTransferringCopyrightInterest;

Assignee :=
    AgentReceivingCopyrightInterest;

Assignment MAY_HAVE {
    EffectiveDate,
    RightsTransferred,
    Territory,
    Evidence
};

PartialAssignment :=
    TransferOfOnlySpecifiedRightsTerritoriesOrPeriods;

CopyrightHistory :=
    OrderedRecordOfCopyrightOwnershipRightsLicencesAndAssignments;

CopyrightHistory SHOULD_PRESERVE {
    PreviousHolder,
    SuccessorHolder,
    EffectivePeriod,
    AssignmentEvidence,
    Provenance
};

MoralRights :=
    RightsRelatingToAttributionIntegrityOrOtherAuthorInterestsAccordingToJurisdiction;

MoralRights MAY_BE DistinctFromEconomicCopyrightRights;

PublicDomain :=
    StatusWhereWorkIsNotSubjectToEnforceableCopyrightRestrictionsInRelevantContext;

PublicDomainDetermination MAY_DEPEND_ON JurisdictionAndDate;

CopyrightExpiry :=
    EndOfApplicableCopyrightTerm;

IF CopyrightTermEnded
AND NoOtherApplicableCopyrightOrRelatedRightApplies
THEN Status MAY_BE PublicDomainAccordingToJurisdiction;

OrphanWork :=
    CopyrightedOrPotentiallyCopyrightedWorkWhoseRelevantRightsHolderCannotBeIdentifiedOrLocated;

OrphanWork != PublicDomain;

UnknownRightsHolder :=
    RightsHolderCannotBeReliablyDetermined;

RightsClearance :=
    ProcessOfIdentifyingRightsHoldersAndObtainingRequiredPermissions;

RightsClearance MAY_INCLUDE {
    OwnershipResearch,
    LicenceReview,
    PermissionRequest,
    EvidenceCollection
};

CopyrightEvidence :=
    InformationSupportingCopyrightStatusOwnershipOrPermissionAssertion;

Evidence MAY_BE {
    Registration,
    Contract,
    Assignment,
    LicenceDocument,
    PublicationRecord,
    RightsStatement,
    AuthorityRecord
};

Registration :=
    FormalRecordOfCopyrightOrRelatedInformationWhereRegistrationSystemExists;

Registration DOES_NOT HaveSameLegalEffectInAllJurisdictions;

CopyrightProvenance MAY_INCLUDE {
    Source,
    Recorder,
    VerificationMethod,
    Timestamp,
    Version
};

CopyrightConfidence :=
    EstimatedSupportForCopyrightAssertion;

Confidence MAY_DEPEND_ON {
    EvidenceStrength,
    RightsHolderIdentity,
    JurisdictionClarity,
    TemporalConsistency,
    SourceReliability
};

CopyrightValidation MAY_CHECK {
    WorkIdentity,
    HolderIdentity,
    Status,
    Jurisdiction,
    Term,
    Licence,
    ConflictingClaims
};

IF LicenceEndDate < LicenceStartDate
THEN TemporalValidation := violation;

IF MultipleExclusiveCopyrightOwnershipClaimsOverlap
THEN CopyrightConflict SHOULD_BE Flagged;

CopyrightConflict :=
    IncompatibleAssertionsAboutCopyrightStatusOwnershipRightsOrPermissions;

ConflictHandling MAY {
    PreserveClaims,
    CompareEvidence,
    CompareAuthority,
    AssignConfidence,
    FlagReview
};

CopyrightRecord SHOULD_NOT SilentlyDiscard DisputedClaims;

CopyrightCompleteness :=
    DegreeToWhichRequiredCopyrightMetadataIsPresent;

CopyrightConsistency :=
    DegreeToWhichStatusRightsHolderLicenceAndTermDoNotConflict;

CopyrightIntegrity :=
    PreservationOfReliableCopyrightRecordsEvidenceAndHistory;

CopyrightMetadataQuality MAY_INCLUDE {
    Completeness,
    Consistency,
    Integrity,
    Timeliness,
    Provenance
};

CopyrightVersion :=
    IdentifiedRevisionOfCopyrightRecord;

CopyrightChange MAY_INCLUDE {
    HolderChange,
    StatusChange,
    LicenceChange,
    RightsChange,
    TermUpdate,
    EvidenceUpdate
};

AdministrativeMetadata MAY_USE CopyrightAsRightsManagementComponent;

OwnershipMetadata SHOULD_DISTINGUISH CopyrightOwnershipFromPhysicalOwnership;

ProvenanceMetadata MAY_RECORD CopyrightAssignmentsAndEvidenceHistory;

AccessPolicy MAY_USE CopyrightMetadataToRestrictOrPermitResourceDelivery;

MetadataRepository MAY_STORE CopyrightRecords;

MetadataRegistry MAY_REGISTER CopyrightPropertiesStatusesRightsAndLicenceTypes;

KnowledgeGraph MAY_REPRESENT:
    CopyrightHolder
    -> HOLDS_COPYRIGHT_IN
    -> CopyrightWork;

AdditionalGraphRelationships MAY_INCLUDE {
    LICENSES,
    ASSIGNED_TO,
    CREATED_BY,
    HAS_RIGHT,
    HAS_RESTRICTION
};

CopyrightGraph SHOULD_PRESERVE {
    Scope,
    Territory,
    Duration,
    Provenance
};

RDF MAY_REPRESENT CopyrightRelationshipsAsTypedStatements;

JSONLD MAY_SERIALISE LinkedCopyrightMetadata;

Search MAY_USE CopyrightMetadataFor {
    RightsFiltering,
    LicenceFiltering,
    PublicDomainFiltering,
    RightsHolderSearch
};

SemanticSearch SHOULD_APPLY RightsAndAccessPoliciesBeforeReturningProtectedContent;

RAG MAY_USE CopyrightMetadataFor {
    SourceEligibility,
    UsagePolicy,
    AttributionContext,
    LicenceFiltering
};

AI MAY_SUPPORT {
    RightsStatementExtraction,
    RightsHolderEntityResolution,
    LicenceClassification,
    ConflictDetection,
    TermRuleApplication
};

AIGeneratedCopyrightInference SHOULD_NOT BeTreatedAsLegalDeterminationWithoutAppropriateAuthoritativeEvidenceAndReview;

CopyrightMetadata MAY_CONTAIN PersonalOrCommerciallySensitiveInformation;

PrivacyPolicy SHOULD_BE AppliedWhereApplicable;

CopyrightAccessControl MAY_APPLY_TO {
    RightsHolderDetails,
    Agreements,
    LicenceTerms,
    Evidence
};

CopyrightSecurity MAY_INCLUDE {
    IdentityValidation,
    AccessControl,
    EvidenceIntegrity,
    Audit,
    ChangeAuthorisation
};

MachineReadableCopyright SHOULD_PRESERVE {
    CopyrightIdentifier,
    WorkIdentifier,
    CopyrightStatus,
    RightsHolderIdentifier,
    Rights,
    Licence,
    Restrictions,
    Jurisdiction,
    Term,
    Evidence,
    Provenance,
    Confidence
};

# ---------- SEMANTIC REASONING ----------
IF AdministrativeMetadataDescribesCopyrightStatusRightsHolderOrCopyrightPermissions
THEN CopyrightClassification := supported;

IF PhysicalObjectOwnedByAgent
THEN CopyrightOwnership MUST_NOT_BE InferredFromPhysicalOwnershipAlone;

IF CopyrightHolderChangesThroughValidAssignment
THEN CopyrightHistory SHOULD_PRESERVE PreviousHolderAndTransferEvidence;

IF CopyrightStatusUnknown
THEN PublicDomainStatus MUST_NOT_BE InferredWithoutEvidence;

IF LicencePermitsAction
THEN PermissionAppliesOnlyWithinLicenceScopeAndConditions;

IF LicenceExpired
THEN PreviouslyGrantedUse MAY_REQUIRE ReassessmentAccordingToTermsAndLaw;

IF CopyrightTermExpired
THEN PublicDomainStatus MAY_BE ConsideredAccordingToApplicableJurisdictionAndOtherRights;

IF ConflictingRightsHolderClaimsExist
THEN Confidence SHOULD_DECREASE
AND Review SHOULD_BE Triggered;

# ---------- SEMANTIC EQUIVALENCE ----------
SEMANTIC_EQUIVALENCE {
    "copyright metadata" ~= "copyright administrative metadata";
    "copyright holder" ~= "copyright owner" WHEN ownership_context;
    "rights holder" ~= "holder of specified copyright right";
    "copyright notice" ~= "copyright statement" WHEN notice_context;
    "copyright term" ~= "copyright protection period";
    "copyright assignment" ~= "transfer of copyright";
    "rights clearance" ~= "copyright clearance";
    "public domain status" ~= "copyright-free status" WHEN legally_valid_context;
}

# ---------- QUERY FLOW ----------
QUERY(q) ->
    NORMALISE(q) ->
    IDENTIFY_COPYRIGHT_WORK(q) ->
    IDENTIFY_COPYRIGHT_RECORD(q) ->
    RESOLVE_RIGHTS_HOLDER(q) ->
    IDENTIFY_COPYRIGHT_STATUS(q) ->
    IDENTIFY_RIGHTS_LICENCE_AND_RESTRICTIONS(q) ->
    IDENTIFY_JURISDICTION_AND_TERM(q) ->
    IDENTIFY_ASSIGNMENTS_AND_HISTORY(q) ->
    IDENTIFY_EVIDENCE_AND_PROVENANCE(q) ->
    DETECT_CONFLICTS(q) ->
    APPLY_ACCESS_AND_USAGE_POLICY(q) ->
    VALIDATE_COPYRIGHT_METADATA(q) ->
    SCORE_CONFIDENCE(q) ->
    RETURN_AUTHORISED_COPYRIGHT_KNOWLEDGE;

# ---------- CONFIDENCE ----------
CONFIDENCE(assertion) :=
    weighted_mean(
        evidence_strength,
        source_reliability,
        rights_holder_identity_strength,
        jurisdiction_clarity,
        temporal_consistency,
        provenance_quality,
        conflict_status
    );

CONFIDENCE >= 0.90 => HIGH;
CONFIDENCE >= 0.70 AND < 0.90 => MODERATE;
CONFIDENCE < 0.70 => REVIEW;

# ---------- AI CONSUMPTION ----------
AI_CONSUMPTION {
    primary_entity: Copyright;
    ontology: CopyrightOntology;
    parse_entities: true;
    parse_relationships: true;
    preserve_relationship_direction: true;
    resolve_semantic_equivalence: true;
    execute_reasoning_rules: true;
    apply_confidence_weighting: true;
    preserve_provenance: true;
    enforce_rights_policy: true;
}

# ---------- UPDATE MODEL ----------
UPDATE_MODEL {
    new_copyright_record:
        identify_work
        -> determine_status
        -> resolve_rights_holder
        -> identify_rights
        -> attach_licence_and_restrictions
        -> identify_jurisdiction_and_term
        -> attach_evidence
        -> attach_provenance
        -> validate
        -> assign_confidence
        -> integrate;

    copyright_assignment:
        identify_current_holder
        -> identify_assignor_and_assignee
        -> validate_assignment_evidence
        -> identify_transferred_rights
        -> close_or_modify_previous_interest
        -> create_successor_interest
        -> preserve_history
        -> integrate;

    copyright_revision:
        preserve_previous_version
        -> apply_authorised_change
        -> revalidate_status_rights_licence_and_term
        -> audit_change
        -> recompute_confidence
        -> regenerate_flow_hash;

    conflict:
        preserve_all_claims
        -> compare_scope_jurisdiction_period_evidence_and_authority
        -> adjust_confidence
        -> flag_dispute_or_review;
}

# ---------- FLOW HASH ----------
FLOW_HASH_INPUT :=
    DOMAIN
    + SUBDOMAIN
    + ONTOLOGY
    + CopyrightEntity
    + RightsEntity
    + AgentEntity
    + EvidenceEntity
    + Copyright
    + CopyrightHistory
    + CopyrightValidation
    + RELATIONSHIPS
    + SEMANTIC_REASONING
    + SEMANTIC_EQUIVALENCE
    + UPDATE_MODEL;

FLOW_HASH :=
    HASH(FLOW_HASH_INPUT);

# ---------- TERMINAL ----------
CopyrightOntology
    -> IdentifyCopyrightWork
    -> AssignStableCopyrightRecordIdentifier
    -> DetermineCopyrightStatus
    -> ResolveCopyrightHolderAndRightsHolders
    -> IdentifyExclusiveRightsAndOwnershipScope
    -> RecordLicencesPermissionsAndRestrictions
    -> DetermineJurisdictionAndCopyrightTerm
    -> PreserveAssignmentsPreviousHoldersAndHistory
    -> AttachEvidenceProvenanceAndConfidence
    -> ValidateConflictingClaimsAndTemporalConsistency
    -> ApplyRightsAccessAndUsageControls
    -> SupportAuthorisedSearchRAGAndMachineConsumption
    -> MaintainReliableCopyrightKnowledge;

END FLOW