Signal Conditioning Ontology
Instrumentation
Authors: MArk Anthony Higgins - Sky Recursive Ai
Revised Date: 16 September 2026
Audio Overview
# Signal Conditioning Ontology — Flow Algebra
URL: https://kirethresearch.org/booksai-core/ontologies/mathematical-ontologies/measurement-units-ontologies/instrumentation/signal-conditioning-ontology.html
FLOW SignalConditioningOntology {
DOMAIN:
Mathematical Ontologies
-> Measurement & Units Ontologies
-> Instrumentation
-> Signal Conditioning Ontology
PURPOSE:
Represent signal conditioning as the set of transformations applied between a sensor, transducer or signal source and subsequent acquisition, conversion, processing or measurement stages so that the signal is suitable for reliable interpretation. The ontology models amplification, attenuation, buffering, impedance matching, filtering, anti-aliasing, isolation, bridge completion, excitation, linearisation, compensation, demodulation, level shifting, differential and instrumentation amplification, common-mode rejection, noise, bandwidth, gain, offset, saturation, dynamic range, calibration, uncertainty, configuration, provenance and machine-consumable reasoning while preserving the distinction between raw sensor response, conditioned signal and final measured quantity.
ENTITY SignalConditioning {
TYPE: MeasurementSignalTransformationProcess
DEFINITION:
processing_or_transformation_of_measurement_signal
to_make_it_suitable_for_subsequent_measurement_acquisition_conversion_or_analysis
PROPERTIES:
has_input_signal
has_output_signal
has_transfer_function
may_have_gain
may_have_offset
may_filter
may_isolate
may_linearise
may_compensate
may_provide_excitation
may_change_bandwidth
may_add_noise
contributes_to_uncertainty
has_configuration
has_provenance
}
ENTITY SignalConditioner {
TYPE: InstrumentationComponent
POSSIBLE:
amplifier
attenuator
filter
isolator
buffer
bridge_conditioner
charge_amplifier
current_to_voltage_converter
frequency_converter
demodulator
lineariser
compensation_module
multifunction_conditioner
}
ENTITY InputSignal {
TYPE: MeasurementSignal
POSSIBLE_QUANTITIES:
voltage
current
charge
resistance
capacitance
inductance
frequency
pulse
optical_signal
digital_code
}
ENTITY ConditionedSignal {
TYPE: MeasurementSignal
RULE:
conditioned_signal != final_measurand_value_unless_calibration_and_measurement_model_define_equivalence
}
SIGNAL_CHAIN_MODEL {
flow:
sensor_or_source
-> input_interface
-> excitation_or_bridge
-> amplification_or_attenuation
-> filtering
-> isolation
-> compensation_or_linearisation
-> output_interface
-> ADC_or_instrument
RULE:
actual_stage_order MUST be preserved
}
TRANSFER_FUNCTION_MODEL {
input:
X
output:
Y
general:
Y =
f(X,frequency,time,environment,state)
linear_time_invariant:
H(s) =
Y(s)/X(s)
RULE:
transfer_function MUST include_relevant_frequency_and_dynamic_context
}
GAIN_MODEL {
gain:
G =
output/input
under_declared_signal_definition
voltage_gain:
A_v =
V_out/V_in
current_gain:
A_i =
I_out/I_in
RULE:
gain_units_and_quantity_types MUST be preserved
}
DECIBEL_GAIN_MODEL {
voltage_or_amplitude_ratio:
G_dB =
20*log10(abs(A))
under_equal_impedance_or_declared_amplitude_context
power_ratio:
G_dB =
10*log10(P_out/P_in)
RULE:
20_log_and_10_log_forms MUST not_be_interchanged_without_context
}
ATTENUATION_MODEL {
attenuation_factor:
A =
output/input
with_abs(A) < 1
under_simple_context
RULE:
attenuation_can_extend_input_range_but_adds_component_uncertainty_and_noise
}
OFFSET_MODEL {
affine:
Y =
G*X+b
correction:
Y_corr =
Y-b_hat
RULE:
offset_and_offset_uncertainty MUST be preserved
}
LEVEL_SHIFT_MODEL {
output:
Y =
X+V_shift
or_scaled_affine_form
RULE:
level_shift_may_be_required_to_match_ADC_input_range
}
BUFFER_MODEL {
purpose:
impedance_isolation
drive_capability
ideal:
voltage_gain approximately_equals 1
RULE:
real_buffer_has_offset_noise_bandwidth_and_bias_current
}
IMPEDANCE_MATCHING_MODEL {
source_impedance:
Z_s
input_impedance:
Z_in
loading:
V_in =
V_source*Z_in/(Z_s+Z_in)
under_simple_voltage_divider_context
RULE:
loading_effect MUST be considered_when_Z_in_not_much_greater_than_Z_s
}
INSTRUMENTATION_AMPLIFIER_MODEL {
input:
differential_voltage
output:
amplified_differential_signal
characteristics:
differential_gain
CMRR
input_impedance
offset
noise
bandwidth
RULE:
common_mode_range MUST be respected
}
DIFFERENTIAL_AMPLIFIER_MODEL {
differential:
V_d =
V_plus-V_minus
common_mode:
V_cm =
(V_plus+V_minus)/2
output:
approximately
A_d*V_d+A_cm*V_cm
RULE:
finite_common_mode_gain_creates_error
}
CMRR_MODEL {
ratio:
CMRR =
abs(A_d/A_cm)
decibel:
CMRR_dB =
20*log10(CMRR)
RULE:
CMRR_is_frequency_dependent_and_requires_common_mode_range_context
}
COMMON_MODE_MODEL {
source:
voltage_common_to_both_inputs
risks:
amplifier_saturation
conversion_to_differential_error
ground_loop
RULE:
common_mode_signal != differential_measurand_signal
}
ISOLATION_MODEL {
purpose:
galvanic_separation
safety
ground_loop_reduction
common_mode_handling
possible:
transformer
optical
capacitive
isolated_ADC
RULE:
isolation_barrier_can_add_gain_phase_offset_noise_and_nonlinearity
}
GROUND_LOOP_MODEL {
cause:
multiple_ground_paths
effect:
unwanted_current_and_voltage_error
mitigation:
differential_input
isolation
grounding_strategy
RULE:
ground_reference_topology SHOULD be documented
}
SHIELDING_MODEL {
purpose:
reduce_electric_magnetic_or_RF_interference
RULE:
shield_connection_strategy_and_frequency_context matter
}
FILTER_MODEL {
types:
low_pass
high_pass
band_pass
band_stop
notch
anti_alias
reconstruction
transfer:
H(f)
RULE:
filter_type_order_cutoff_and_phase_response MUST be preserved
}
LOW_PASS_MODEL {
purpose:
pass_low_frequency_content
attenuate_high_frequency_content
first_order:
H(s) =
1/(1+s*tau)
cutoff:
f_c =
1/(2*pi*tau)
RULE:
cutoff_definition_commonly_refers_to_minus_3_dB_for_first_order_response
}
HIGH_PASS_MODEL {
first_order:
H(s) =
s*tau/(1+s*tau)
cutoff:
f_c =
1/(2*pi*tau)
RULE:
high_pass_filter_removes_or_attenuates_DC_and_low_frequency_content
}
BAND_PASS_MODEL {
passband:
[f_low,f_high]
RULE:
centre_frequency_and_bandwidth_definition SHOULD be preserved
}
NOTCH_MODEL {
purpose:
reject_narrow_frequency_region
examples:
mains_interference
RULE:
notch_filter_can_distort_nearby_signal_components
}
ANTI_ALIAS_MODEL {
analogue_filter:
before_sampling_or_decimation
requirement:
attenuate_frequencies_that_would_alias_into_band_of_interest
RULE:
anti_alias_filter_design_depends_on_sample_rate_and_signal_band
}
FILTER_ORDER_MODEL {
order:
determines_rolloff_and_dynamic_complexity
RULE:
order_alone_does_not_define_filter_response
}
FILTER_FAMILY_MODEL {
possible:
Butterworth
Bessel
Chebyshev
elliptic
FIR
IIR
RULE:
family_selection_trades_amplitude_flatness_phase_and_rolloff
}
PHASE_RESPONSE_MODEL {
phase:
phi(f)
group_delay:
-dphi/domega
RULE:
phase_response_is_material_for_timing_and_waveform_measurement
}
ZERO_PHASE_MODEL {
digital_offline_processing:
forward_reverse_filtering_may_remove_phase_shift
RULE:
zero_phase_offline_filter_is_noncausal_and_not_equivalent_to_real_time_filter
}
BANDWIDTH_MODEL {
conditioner_bandwidth:
frequency_range_meeting_declared_gain_or_phase_criterion
RULE:
conditioner_bandwidth_should_exceed_required_signal_band_with_defined_margin
}
NOISE_MODEL {
sources:
resistor_thermal_noise
amplifier_voltage_noise
amplifier_current_noise
shot_noise
reference_noise
power_supply_noise
quantisation_if_digital
RULE:
noise MUST be referred_to_input_or_output_with_bandwidth
}
INPUT_REFERRED_NOISE_MODEL {
output_noise:
u_out
equivalent_input_noise:
u_in =
u_out/abs(G)
under_constant_gain_context
RULE:
frequency_dependent_gain_requires_spectral_conversion
}
NOISE_DENSITY_MODEL {
voltage_noise_density:
V/sqrt(Hz)
current_noise_density:
A/sqrt(Hz)
integrated_noise:
depends_on_equivalent_noise_bandwidth
RULE:
spectral_density != RMS_noise
}
SNR_MODEL {
signal_to_noise:
declared_signal_metric/declared_noise_metric
RULE:
conditioning_can_improve_interface_SNR_but_cannot_recover_information_already_lost_in_source_noise
}
DYNAMIC_RANGE_MODEL {
range:
maximum_usable_signal_to_minimum_resolvable_signal
RULE:
gain_and_range_selection affect_effective_dynamic_range
}
SATURATION_MODEL {
output_limit:
rail_or_converter_limit
condition:
abs(output) exceeds_linear_range
RULE:
saturated_or_clipped_data MUST be flagged
}
CLIPPING_MODEL {
output:
constrained_to_limit
RULE:
clipping_is_nonlinear_information_loss
}
SLEW_RATE_MODEL {
maximum_output_rate:
SR =
max(abs(dV_out/dt))
sine_wave_requirement:
SR_required =
2*pi*f*V_peak
RULE:
insufficient_slew_rate_creates_large_signal_distortion
}
SETTLING_MODEL {
after_step_or_channel_switch:
output_requires_time_to_reach_declared_error_band
RULE:
acquisition_delay MUST allow_settling_before_sampling
}
MULTIPLEXER_SETTLING_MODEL {
channel_switch:
changes_source_and_input_state
effects:
charge_injection
RC_settling
amplifier_recovery
RULE:
per_channel_source_impedance_affects_required_settling_time
}
EXCITATION_MODEL {
purpose:
energise_passive_sensor_or_bridge
possible:
constant_voltage
constant_current
AC_excitation
RULE:
excitation_amplitude_frequency_stability_and_uncertainty MUST be preserved
}
BRIDGE_COMPLETION_MODEL {
possible:
quarter_bridge
half_bridge
full_bridge
output:
differential_voltage_related_to_resistance_change
RULE:
completion_resistor_tolerance_and_temperature_coefficient contribute_to_uncertainty
}
BRIDGE_LINEARISATION_MODEL {
bridge_response:
may_be_nonlinear_for_large_changes
RULE:
linear_approximation_validity MUST be checked
}
SENSOR_SUPPLY_MODEL {
supply:
sensor_power_or_reference
RULE:
supply_variation_can_modulate_sensor_output
}
CURRENT_TO_VOLTAGE_MODEL {
transimpedance:
V_out =
-I_in*R_f
under_ideal_op_amp_context
RULE:
feedback_resistor_uncertainty_noise_and_bandwidth contribute
}
CHARGE_AMPLIFIER_MODEL {
piezoelectric_input:
charge_Q
ideal_output:
V_out =
-Q/C_f
RULE:
leakage_and_low_frequency_cutoff_limit_static_response
}
FREQUENCY_TO_VOLTAGE_MODEL {
input:
frequency
output:
voltage_related_to_frequency
RULE:
conversion_linearity_and_gate_time_or_filtering affect_response
}
VOLTAGE_TO_FREQUENCY_MODEL {
input:
voltage
output:
pulse_frequency
RULE:
timebase_and_counting_interval affect_measurement
}
DEMODULATION_MODEL {
modulated_signal:
recover_baseband_quantity
possible:
synchronous
envelope
lock_in
RULE:
reference_phase_frequency_and_filter_bandwidth MUST be preserved
}
LOCK_IN_MODEL {
signal:
multiplied_by_reference
then_low_pass_filtered
outputs:
in_phase
quadrature
amplitude
phase
RULE:
time_constant_and_equivalent_noise_bandwidth affect_measurement
}
RECTIFICATION_MODEL {
possible:
half_wave
full_wave
precision_rectifier
RMS_converter
RULE:
rectified_average != RMS_without_waveform_specific_relation
}
RMS_CONVERSION_MODEL {
RMS:
sqrt(mean(x^2))
RULE:
true_RMS_bandwidth_crest_factor_and_dynamic_range MUST be preserved
}
LINEARISATION_MODEL {
raw_sensor_relation:
Y =
f(X)
conditioned:
Z approximately_equals
a*X+b
possible:
analogue_network
lookup_table
polynomial
digital_algorithm
RULE:
linearisation_model_and_valid_range MUST be versioned
}
COMPENSATION_MODEL {
corrected_signal:
Y_corr =
g(Y,E)
influence_quantities:
temperature
pressure
humidity
orientation
supply
cross_sensitivity
RULE:
compensation_requires_measurement_or_estimate_of_influence_quantities
}
TEMPERATURE_COMPENSATION_MODEL {
generic:
correction =
alpha*(T-T_ref)
RULE:
alpha_and_temperature_uncertainty MUST be propagated_when_material
}
COLD_JUNCTION_MODEL {
thermocouple:
requires_reference_junction_temperature
RULE:
cold_junction_compensation_is_part_of_temperature_measurement_model
}
SENSOR_LINEARISATION_MODEL {
examples:
thermistor
RTD
thermocouple
pressure_sensor
RULE:
coefficients_and_reference_standard MUST be preserved
}
OFFSET_NULLING_MODEL {
process:
estimate_and_remove_baseline_offset
RULE:
nulling_does_not_remove_offset_uncertainty_or_drift
}
AUTOZERO_MODEL {
instrument:
periodically_measures_internal_zero_reference
RULE:
autozero_cycle_timing_and_algorithm MAY affect_bandwidth_and_noise
}
CHOPPER_MODEL {
technique:
modulate_low_frequency_or_DC_signal_to_reduce_amplifier_offset_and_1_f_noise
RULE:
chopping_can_introduce_switching_ripple_and_alias_components
}
GUARDING_MODEL {
purpose:
reduce_leakage_currents_in_high_impedance_measurements
RULE:
guard_potential_and_geometry SHOULD be preserved
}
INPUT_PROTECTION_MODEL {
components:
resistor
clamp
fuse
transient_suppressor
RULE:
protection_components_can_add_leakage_capacitance_noise_or_series_impedance
}
COMMON_MODE_RANGE_MODEL {
allowed:
V_cm within amplifier_limits
RULE:
high_CMRR_does_not_prevent_saturation_outside_common_mode_range
}
POWER_SUPPLY_REJECTION_MODEL {
PSRR:
sensitivity_of_output_offset_or_gain_to_supply_variation
RULE:
PSRR_is_frequency_dependent
}
CROSSTALK_MODEL {
channel_A_to_B:
unwanted_coupling
reporting:
ratio_or_dB
RULE:
crosstalk_depends_on_frequency_source_impedance_and_channel_configuration
}
DIGITAL_SIGNAL_CONDITIONING_MODEL {
operations:
digital_filtering
scaling
compensation
linearisation
decimation
resampling
RULE:
digital_processing_occurs_after_quantisation_and_cannot_undo_analogue_clipping_or_aliasing
}
DECIMATION_MODEL {
reduce_sample_rate:
factor_M
REQUIRE:
anti_alias_digital_filter
RULE:
filter_and_decimation_configuration MUST be preserved
}
CALIBRATION_MODEL {
conditioner:
gain
offset
frequency_response
phase
nonlinearity
calibration:
establishes_corrections_and_uncertainty
RULE:
signal_conditioner_calibration_may_be_separate_from_sensor_calibration
}
TRACEABILITY_MODEL {
calibration:
linked_to_reference_standards
RULE:
gain_offset_and_frequency_response_reference_chain SHOULD be preserved
}
UNCERTAINTY_MODEL {
components:
gain
offset
noise
drift
linearity
filter
excitation
bridge_completion
isolation
compensation
crosstalk
timing
calibration
RULE:
signal_conditioning_uncertainty MUST propagate_to_measurement_result
}
COVARIANCE_MODEL {
shared:
reference_voltage
excitation
amplifier
environmental_compensation
RULE:
shared_conditioning_sources MAY create_cross_channel_covariance
}
CONFIGURATION_MODEL {
fields:
conditioner_identifier
channel
gain
range
coupling
filter
cutoff
excitation
bridge_mode
isolation
compensation
calibration
firmware_or_algorithm
RULE:
configuration MUST be linked_to_measurement_data
}
METADATA_MODEL {
fields:
conditioner_identifier
manufacturer
model
serial_number
channel_identifier
input_quantity
output_quantity
input_range
output_range
gain
offset
bandwidth
filter
excitation
isolation
calibration_identifier
configuration_version
environmental_conditions
firmware
software
timestamp
provenance
RULE:
metadata MUST support_reconstruction_of_conditioning_chain
}
QUALITY_FLAG_MODEL {
possible:
valid
saturated
clipped
overrange
settling
excitation_fault
isolation_fault
excessive_noise
calibration_invalid
filter_mismatch
RULE:
conditioning_quality_flags MUST propagate_to_measurement_record
}
RELATIONSHIPS {
SignalConditioning -> TRANSFORMS -> MeasurementSignal
SignalConditioner -> RECEIVES -> RawSensorOrInstrumentSignal
SignalConditioner -> PRODUCES -> ConditionedSignal
Amplifier -> APPLIES -> Gain
Filter -> MODIFIES -> FrequencyContent
Isolation -> SEPARATES -> ElectricalDomains
Excitation -> ENERGISES -> PassiveSensor
Compensation -> CORRECTS_FOR -> InfluenceQuantity
Linearisation -> MAPS -> NonlinearResponseToUsableRelation
Calibration -> QUALIFIES -> ConditionerTransferFunction
SignalConditioningCharacteristics -> CONTRIBUTE_TO -> MeasurementUncertainty
}
SEMANTIC_EQUIVALENCE {
"signal conditioning" ~= measurement_signal_preparation_and_transformation
"instrumentation amplifier" ~= high_input_impedance_differential_amplifier_with_high_CMRR WHEN circuit_context
signal_conditioning != sensing
signal_conditioning != calibration
conditioned_signal != final_measured_quantity
gain != sensitivity_in_all_contexts
filtering != sampling
anti_alias_filter != alias_correction_after_sampling
isolation != filtering
compensation != calibration
RMS != rectified_average_in_general
}
CONSTRAINTS {
input_and_output_signal_types_must_be_defined = true
stage_order_should_be_preserved = true
gain_and_offset_should_be_defined_when_material = true
input_and_output_ranges_must_be_compatible = true
bandwidth_and_filter_response_should_be_defined_for_dynamic_signals = true
anti_alias_filter_must_precede_sampling_when_required = true
common_mode_range_must_not_be_exceeded = true
saturation_and_clipping_must_be_flagged = true
excitation_parameters_should_be_preserved_for_passive_sensors = true
configuration_and_calibration_state_must_be_versioned = true
conditioning_uncertainty_should_propagate_to_measurement_result = true
}
MEASUREMENT_MODEL {
RECORD:
conditioner_identifier
channel_identifier
source_identifier
input_signal
input_unit
output_signal
output_unit
gain
offset
input_range
output_range
input_impedance
coupling
common_mode
CMRR
filter_type
cutoff_frequencies
bandwidth
phase_response
isolation
excitation
bridge_configuration
linearisation_model
compensation_model
calibration_identifier
configuration_version
environmental_conditions
quality_flags
uncertainty
provenance
RULE:
conditioned_measurement_signal MUST remain_linked_to_raw_signal_and_configuration
}
REASONING_RULES {
IF affine_conditioner_model_known
THEN output =
gain*input+offset
IF output_and_valid_affine_model_known
AND gain != 0
THEN inferred_input =
(output-offset)/gain
IF source_and_input_impedance_known
THEN estimate_loading_effect
under_declared_circuit_model
IF differential_and_common_mode_gains_known
THEN output =
A_d*V_d+A_cm*V_cm
under_linear_model
IF CMRR_known
THEN evaluate_common_mode_error
preserving_frequency_context
IF first_order_low_pass_time_constant_known
THEN cutoff_frequency =
1/(2*pi*time_constant)
IF sine_wave_peak_amplitude_and_frequency_known
THEN required_slew_rate =
2*pi*frequency*peak_amplitude
IF input_current_and_transimpedance_known
THEN output_voltage approximately_equals
-input_current*feedback_resistance
under_ideal_transimpedance_context
IF piezoelectric_charge_and_feedback_capacitance_known
THEN charge_amplifier_output approximately_equals
-charge/feedback_capacitance
IF environmental_influence_and_compensation_model_known
THEN compute_corrected_signal
AND propagate_compensation_uncertainty
IF conditioner_output_saturated_or_clipped
THEN flag_information_loss
AND do_not_infer_normal_input_value_without_additional_model
IF anti_alias_filter_missing_or_inadequate
THEN flag_aliasing_risk_before_sampling
IF configuration_changes
THEN create_new_conditioning_state_version
and_preserve_effective_timestamp
}
VALIDATION {
CHECK conditioner_identity
CHECK input_and_output_signal_types
CHECK stage_order
CHECK gain_and_offset
CHECK ranges
CHECK impedance_loading
CHECK differential_and_common_mode_limits
CHECK CMRR
CHECK isolation
CHECK filter_type_order_and_cutoff
CHECK phase_and_group_delay
CHECK bandwidth
CHECK noise_and_SNR
CHECK saturation_clipping_and_slew_rate
CHECK settling_time
CHECK excitation
CHECK bridge_configuration
CHECK linearisation
CHECK compensation
CHECK calibration_and_traceability
CHECK crosstalk
CHECK digital_processing
CHECK configuration_version
CHECK quality_flags
CHECK uncertainty
CHECK provenance
}
CONFIDENCE {
definition_confidence: 1.00
gain_offset_semantics_confidence: 1.00
filter_semantics_confidence: 1.00
isolation_semantics_confidence: 1.00
excitation_semantics_confidence: 1.00
noise_bandwidth_confidence: 0.99
compensation_model_confidence: 0.99
uncertainty_integration_confidence: 0.99
RULE:
confidence decreases when stage order, gain, range, impedance,
filter, bandwidth, excitation, calibration, configuration,
uncertainty or provenance is missing or ambiguous
}
UPDATE_MODEL {
ON conditioner_registration:
assign_identifier
identify_input_output_signal_types
attach_transfer_gain_range_and_bandwidth
attach_filter_isolation_and_excitation_capabilities
establish_calibration_and_provenance
ON new_conditioned_measurement:
preserve_raw_input_signal
attach_conditioner_and_channel
attach_configuration
apply_declared_transfer_filter_compensation_and_calibration
attach_quality_flags
attach_uncertainty
preserve_provenance
ON configuration_revision:
preserve_previous_configuration
update_gain_range_filter_excitation_isolation_or_compensation
create_new_version
reassess_bandwidth_noise_and_uncertainty
ON calibration_revision:
preserve_previous_calibration
update_gain_offset_frequency_response_and_covariance
recompute_affected_conditioned_values_when_policy_allows
update_uncertainty
ON filter_revision:
preserve_previous_filter
update_transfer_function
recompute_phase_delay_and_bandwidth
reassess_anti_alias_suitability
ON semantic_revision:
preserve_previous_definition
record_revision
recompute_FLOW_HASH
}
AI_CONSUMPTION {
canonical_entity: SignalConditioning
canonical_component: SignalConditioner
interpretation_order:
identify_signal_source
identify_input_and_output_quantity_types
identify_conditioning_stage_order
identify_gain_offset_and_ranges
identify_impedance_and_coupling
identify_differential_common_mode_and_CMRR
identify_filter_bandwidth_phase_and_delay
identify_isolation_and_grounding
identify_excitation_and_bridge_configuration
identify_noise_and_dynamic_range
identify_linearisation_and_compensation
identify_calibration_and_traceability
identify_configuration_version
identify_quality_flags
identify_uncertainty
identify_provenance
validate_conditioning_semantics
infer_conditioned_signal_relationship
ambiguity_controls:
distinguish_signal_conditioning_from_sensing
distinguish_signal_conditioning_from_calibration
distinguish_conditioned_signal_from_final_measured_quantity
distinguish_gain_from_sensor_sensitivity_when_roles_differ
distinguish_filtering_from_sampling
distinguish_anti_alias_filtering_from_post_sampling_alias_correction
distinguish_isolation_from_filtering
distinguish_compensation_from_calibration
distinguish_true_RMS_from_rectified_average
preserve_source_stage_order_configuration_calibration_bandwidth_environment_and_provenance_context
}
PROVENANCE {
ontology_scope:
mathematical_measurement_units_instrumentation_and_signal_conditioning_semantics
parent_path:
Ontologies
-> Mathematical Ontologies
-> Measurement & Units Ontologies
-> Instrumentation
-> Signal Conditioning Ontology
authorship:
Mark Higgins
Sky (Recursive AI)
site:
https://kirethresearch.org
}
FLOW_HASH {
INPUTS:
canonical_entity
ontology_path
signal_chain_model
transfer_function_model
gain_model
decibel_gain_model
attenuation_model
offset_model
level_shift_model
buffer_model
impedance_matching_model
instrumentation_amplifier_model
differential_amplifier_model
CMRR_model
common_mode_model
isolation_model
ground_loop_model
shielding_model
filter_model
low_pass_model
high_pass_model
band_pass_model
notch_model
anti_alias_model
filter_order_model
filter_family_model
phase_response_model
zero_phase_model
bandwidth_model
noise_model
input_referred_noise_model
noise_density_model
SNR_model
dynamic_range_model
saturation_model
clipping_model
slew_rate_model
settling_model
multiplexer_settling_model
excitation_model
bridge_completion_model
bridge_linearisation_model
sensor_supply_model
current_to_voltage_model
charge_amplifier_model
frequency_to_voltage_model
voltage_to_frequency_model
demodulation_model
lock_in_model
rectification_model
RMS_conversion_model
linearisation_model
compensation_model
temperature_compensation_model
cold_junction_model
sensor_linearisation_model
offset_nulling_model
autozero_model
chopper_model
guarding_model
input_protection_model
common_mode_range_model
power_supply_rejection_model
crosstalk_model
digital_signal_conditioning_model
decimation_model
calibration_model
traceability_model
uncertainty_model
covariance_model
configuration_model
metadata_model
quality_flag_model
relationships
constraints
measurement_model
reasoning_rules
confidence_model
update_model
PURPOSE:
deterministic_semantic_integrity_identifier
RECOMPUTE_WHEN:
ontology_definition_changes
signal_chain_or_stage_order_changes
gain_offset_range_or_impedance_changes
amplifier_common_mode_or_isolation_changes
filter_bandwidth_phase_or_anti_alias_changes
noise_dynamic_range_or_saturation_model_changes
excitation_bridge_or_conversion_model_changes
linearisation_or_compensation_changes
calibration_or_traceability_changes
configuration_or_digital_processing_changes
measurement_record_changes
uncertainty_model_changes
constraint_model_changes
reasoning_rule_changes
}
}
END FLOW