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Rational Expression Ontology

Algebra Ontologies
Authors: MArk Anthony Higgins - Sky Recursive Ai
© Mark Anthony Higgins 11 October 2025
Revised Date: 11 September 2026
Audio Overview
======================================================================
KIRETH SEMANTIC RESEARCH ARCHIVE
FLOW ALGEBRA — RATIONAL EXPRESSION ONTOLOGY
======================================================================

PAGE:
https://kirethresearch.org/booksai-core/ontologies/mathematical-ontologies/algebra-ontologies/rational-expression-ontology.html

FLOW:
RationalExpressionOntology

VERSION:
1.0

LANGUAGE:
en-GB

AUTHORS:
Mark Anthony Higgins — Sky Recursive AI

PURPOSE:
To provide a machine-readable, recursively executable semantic and
reasoning specification for rational expressions, rational functions,
numerators, denominators, domain restrictions, factor cancellation,
common denominators, arithmetic operations, simplification,
equivalence, asymptotic structure and validation.

AI INTERPRETATION NOTE:
Execute the following specification as formal semantic and reasoning
rules. Preserve denominator nonzero constraints, coefficient domains,
factor structure, excluded values, equivalence domains and operation
preconditions throughout every transformation.

======================================================================
START FLOW
======================================================================

FLOW RationalExpressionOntology {

----------------------------------------------------------------------
1. DOMAIN DECLARATION
----------------------------------------------------------------------

DOMAIN := Rational_Expression_Theory

PARENT_DOMAIN := Algebra

SUPER_DOMAINS := {
    Mathematics,
    Mathematical_Ontologies,
    Algebra_Ontologies,
    Elementary_Algebra,
    Polynomial_Theory
}

DOMAIN_INTENT := {
    represent_rational_expressions,
    represent_rational_functions,
    represent_numerators,
    represent_denominators,
    represent_domain_restrictions,
    represent_excluded_values,
    represent_factor_cancellation,
    represent_common_denominators,
    represent_addition,
    represent_subtraction,
    represent_multiplication,
    represent_division,
    represent_simplification,
    represent_equivalence,
    represent_zeroes,
    represent_poles,
    represent_holes,
    represent_asymptotic_structure,
    support_recursive_rational_reasoning,
    support_domain_preserving_validation
}

DEFAULT_COEFFICIENT_DOMAIN := Integer | Rational | Real | Complex | Field

----------------------------------------------------------------------
2. PRIMITIVE TYPES
----------------------------------------------------------------------

TYPE Scalar
TYPE Variable
TYPE Polynomial
TYPE Numerator <: Polynomial
TYPE Denominator <: Polynomial
TYPE RationalExpression
TYPE RationalFunction <: RationalExpression
TYPE Factor
TYPE CommonDenominator
TYPE DomainRestriction
TYPE ExcludedValue
TYPE Zero
TYPE Pole
TYPE RemovableDiscontinuity
TYPE VerticalAsymptote
TYPE HorizontalAsymptote
TYPE ObliqueAsymptote
TYPE Quotient
TYPE Remainder
TYPE Constraint
TYPE Derivation
TYPE ValidationResult

----------------------------------------------------------------------
3. RATIONAL EXPRESSION DEFINITION
----------------------------------------------------------------------

ENTITY RationalExpression R {
    numerator: P
    denominator: Q
    coefficient_domain: F
}

FORM:
    R(x)=P(x)/Q(x)

CONSTRAINT RE_01:
    Q is not the zero polynomial.

CONSTRAINT RE_02:
    Q(x)!=0 for every permitted evaluation point.

RULE RE_03:
    numerator and denominator are polynomials over compatible coefficient domains.

RULE RE_04:
    rational expression is undefined at values making denominator zero,
    even when a common factor later cancels.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
4. DOMAIN OF A RATIONAL EXPRESSION
----------------------------------------------------------------------

DOMAIN(R):
    declared scalar domain
    minus
    {x | Q(x)=0}

RULE DOM_01:
    original denominator determines excluded values.

RULE DOM_02:
    simplification must preserve excluded-value metadata.

RULE DOM_03:
    cancelled denominator factors may produce removable discontinuities,
    not restoration of original domain points.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
5. NUMERATOR AND DENOMINATOR
----------------------------------------------------------------------

NUMERATOR(R):=P
DENOMINATOR(R):=Q

RULE ND_01:
    denominator must not be zero polynomial.

RULE ND_02:
    denominator evaluation must be nonzero before numerical evaluation.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
6. RATIONAL FUNCTION
----------------------------------------------------------------------

ENTITY RationalFunction f {
    algebraic_form: P/Q
    domain: scalar_domain minus zeros(Q)
    codomain: declared scalar domain
}

RULE RF_01:
    two algebraically simplified forms may define different partial
    functions if original excluded values are ignored.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
7. FACTORISED FORM
----------------------------------------------------------------------

FACTORISED(R):

    factor numerator P

    factor denominator Q

    RETURN:
        product_i A_i / product_j B_j

RULE FAC_01:
    factorisation domain matters.

RULE FAC_02:
    only common nonzero factors may be cancelled.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
8. COMMON FACTORS
----------------------------------------------------------------------

COMMON_FACTOR(F,P,Q) iff
    F divides P
    AND F divides Q

RULE CF_01:
    if F common factor:
        P/Q
        =
        (P/F)/(Q/F)
    only on domain where F!=0 and Q!=0.

RULE CF_02:
    cancellation changes representation, not original domain restrictions.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
9. SIMPLIFICATION
----------------------------------------------------------------------

PROCEDURE SIMPLIFY_RATIONAL(R):

    record original_domain_restrictions

    factor numerator

    factor denominator

    cancel common factors symbolically

    reduce coefficient fractions

    normalise signs

    return simplified_form
    plus preserved_excluded_values

RULE SIMP_01:
    simplified expression must remain equivalent on original domain.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
10. EQUIVALENCE
----------------------------------------------------------------------

RATIONAL_EQUIVALENT(R1,R2,D) iff
    forall x in D:
        both defined
        AND R1(x)=R2(x)

RULE EQ_01:
    cross multiplication may establish equivalence where denominators are nonzero:
        P1/Q1 = P2/Q2
        iff
        P1*Q2=P2*Q1
    on common valid domain.

RULE EQ_02:
    algebraic equality alone is insufficient to erase domain exclusions.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
11. MULTIPLICATION
----------------------------------------------------------------------

MULTIPLY(P1/Q1,P2/Q2):

    REQUIRE:
        Q1!=0 polynomial
        Q2!=0 polynomial

    RESULT:
        (P1*P2)/(Q1*Q2)

    domain restrictions:
        Q1(x)!=0
        Q2(x)!=0

    simplify with preserved restrictions.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
12. DIVISION
----------------------------------------------------------------------

DIVIDE(P1/Q1,P2/Q2):

    REQUIRE:
        Q1(x)!=0
        Q2(x)!=0
        P2(x)!=0

    RESULT:
        (P1*Q2)/(Q1*P2)

RULE DIV_01:
    divisor rational expression itself must be nonzero.

RULE DIV_02:
    reciprocal introduces numerator-of-divisor nonzero restriction.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
13. ADDITION
----------------------------------------------------------------------

ADD(P1/Q1,P2/Q2):

    common denominator:
        Q1*Q2
        or least common denominator

    RESULT:
        (P1*Q2 + P2*Q1)/(Q1*Q2)

    preserve:
        Q1!=0
        Q2!=0

----------------------------------------------------------------------
14. SUBTRACTION
----------------------------------------------------------------------

SUBTRACT(P1/Q1,P2/Q2):

    RESULT:
        (P1*Q2 - P2*Q1)/(Q1*Q2)

    preserve:
        Q1!=0
        Q2!=0

----------------------------------------------------------------------
15. LEAST COMMON DENOMINATOR
----------------------------------------------------------------------

LCD(Q1,...,Qn):

    factor denominators

    include each irreducible factor
    to maximum exponent appearing

    multiply coefficient LCM under declared domain convention

RULE LCD_01:
    every denominator divides LCD.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
16. COMPLEX FRACTIONS
----------------------------------------------------------------------

ENTITY ComplexRationalExpression {
    numerator_or_denominator_contains_rational_expression
}

PROCEDURE SIMPLIFY_COMPLEX_FRACTION(R):

    identify all inner denominators

    compute common denominator

    multiply numerator and denominator by that common denominator

    preserve all original restrictions

    simplify resulting rational expression

----------------------------------------------------------------------
17. SIGN NORMALISATION
----------------------------------------------------------------------

RULE SIGN_01:
    P/(-Q)=(-P)/Q

RULE SIGN_02:
    (-P)/(-Q)=P/Q

RULE SIGN_03:
    prefer canonical denominator sign convention where applicable.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
18. EVALUATION
----------------------------------------------------------------------

EVALUATE(R,x=a):

    compute Q(a)

    if Q(a)=0:
        return UNDEFINED

    else:
        return P(a)/Q(a)

RULE EVAL_01:
    domain check precedes cancellation-based evaluation.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
19. ZEROES
----------------------------------------------------------------------

ZERO_OF_RATIONAL(R,a) iff
    P(a)=0
    AND Q(a)!=0

RULE ZERO_01:
    cancelled numerator factors may correspond to holes rather than zeros
    if denominator also vanishes there in original expression.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
20. POLES
----------------------------------------------------------------------

POLE_CANDIDATE(R,a) iff
    Q(a)=0

AFTER_COMMON_FACTOR_ANALYSIS:

    if denominator zero remains after reduction:
        a may be pole

    if corresponding common factor cancels:
        a is removable discontinuity under analytic interpretation

RULE POLE_01:
    pole order determined by uncancelled denominator factor multiplicity.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
21. REMOVABLE DISCONTINUITIES
----------------------------------------------------------------------

REMOVABLE_DISCONTINUITY(R,a) iff

    original P(a)=0
    AND original Q(a)=0
    AND common factor cancellation removes zero denominator factor
    AND reduced denominator nonzero at a

RULE HOLE_01:
    original function remains undefined at a.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
22. VERTICAL ASYMPTOTES
----------------------------------------------------------------------

VERTICAL_ASYMPTOTE(x=a) candidate iff
    reduced denominator vanishes at a
    AND numerator does not cancel that factor.

RULE VA_01:
    exact asymptotic behaviour may depend on multiplicity and side limits.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
23. HORIZONTAL ASYMPTOTES
----------------------------------------------------------------------

FOR R=P/Q over real variable x:

let:
    m=deg(P)
    n=deg(Q)

RULE HA_01:
    if m<n:
        horizontal asymptote y=0

RULE HA_02:
    if m=n:
        horizontal asymptote
        y=LC(P)/LC(Q)

RULE HA_03:
    if m>n:
        no horizontal asymptote from this degree rule.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
24. OBLIQUE / SLANT ASYMPTOTES
----------------------------------------------------------------------

IF:
    deg(P)=deg(Q)+1

THEN:
    polynomial division:
        P/Q = S + Remainder/Q

    linear quotient S gives oblique asymptote.

RULE OA_01:
    more generally polynomial asymptote arises from quotient when
    degree numerator >= degree denominator.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
25. POLYNOMIAL DIVISION FORM
----------------------------------------------------------------------

DIVISION_DECOMPOSITION(P/Q):

    P=DQ+R
    with deg(R)<deg(Q)

    then:
        P/Q=D+R/Q

RULE PDF_01:
    useful for asymptotic structure and improper rational expressions.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
26. PROPER AND IMPROPER RATIONAL EXPRESSIONS
----------------------------------------------------------------------

PROPER(R) iff
    deg(P)<deg(Q)

IMPROPER(R) iff
    deg(P)>=deg(Q)

RULE PI_01:
    improper rational expression may be decomposed by polynomial division.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
27. DOMAIN RESTRICTION EXTRACTION
----------------------------------------------------------------------

EXTRACT_RESTRICTIONS(R):

    factor or solve:
        Q(x)=0

    create constraints:
        x != each denominator root
    over declared domain

RULE DR_01:
    unresolved denominator roots remain symbolic restrictions.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
28. CROSS MULTIPLICATION
----------------------------------------------------------------------

CROSS_MULTIPLY:
    P1/Q1 = P2/Q2

    -> P1 Q2 = P2 Q1

PRECONDITIONS:
    Q1!=0
    Q2!=0

RULE CM_01:
    solutions of cross-multiplied equation must be checked against original
    denominator restrictions.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
29. RATIONAL EQUATIONS
----------------------------------------------------------------------

PROCEDURE SOLVE_RATIONAL_EQUATION(E):

    extract every denominator restriction

    compute LCD

    multiply equation by LCD

    solve resulting polynomial/algebraic equation

    test every candidate in original equation

    reject excluded or extraneous values

    return validated_solution_set

----------------------------------------------------------------------
30. RATIONAL INEQUALITIES
----------------------------------------------------------------------

PROCEDURE SOLVE_RATIONAL_INEQUALITY(P/Q relation 0):

    factor numerator and denominator

    identify critical points:
        zeros(P)
        zeros(Q)

    create sign intervals

    test sign on each interval

    include/exclude endpoints according to:
        relation
        denominator restrictions

    return interval_solution_set

RULE RI_01:
    denominator-zero points are always excluded.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
31. RECIPROCAL
----------------------------------------------------------------------

RECIPROCAL(P/Q):
    Q/P

REQUIRE:
    P!=0 at evaluated point
    Q!=0 at evaluated point

RULE REC_01:
    reciprocal swaps numerator and denominator.

RULE REC_02:
    zeros of original become excluded/pole candidates of reciprocal.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
32. POWERS
----------------------------------------------------------------------

POWER(P/Q,n):

FOR integer n>0:
    P^n/Q^n

FOR n=0:
    1
    where original expression defined and nonzero convention handled

FOR n<0:
    Q^(-n)/P^(-n)
    introducing P!=0

RULE POW_01:
    negative powers introduce numerator nonzero restrictions.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
33. DERIVATIVE LINK
----------------------------------------------------------------------

FOR differentiable polynomial P,Q:

d/dx(P/Q)
=
(P'Q-PQ')/Q^2

REQUIRE:
    Q!=0

NOTE:
    calculus execution belongs to analysis ontology;
    quotient-rule structural link declared here.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
34. PARTIAL FRACTIONS LINK
----------------------------------------------------------------------

PROCEDURE PARTIAL_FRACTION_SETUP(R):

    REQUIRE:
        proper rational expression
        or first perform polynomial division

    factor denominator over selected field

    generate decomposition template based on:
        distinct linear factors
        repeated linear factors
        irreducible quadratic factors

NOTE:
    detailed coefficient solving may delegate to algebra solver.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
35. RATIONAL FUNCTION FIELD
----------------------------------------------------------------------

ENTITY RationalFunctionField F(x) {
    elements:
        equivalence classes of P/Q
        with P,Q in F[x], Q!=0
}

RULE RFF_01:
    F(x) is a field when F is a field.

RULE RFF_02:
    equality in F(x) determined by:
        P1 Q2 = P2 Q1.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
36. MULTIVARIATE RATIONAL EXPRESSIONS
----------------------------------------------------------------------

FORM:
    P(x1,...,xn)/Q(x1,...,xn)

DOMAIN:
    all points where Q!=0

RULE MRE_01:
    cancellation preserves original algebraic-domain exclusions.

RULE MRE_02:
    solving Q=0 may define algebraic hypersurface rather than isolated values.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
37. FACTOR MULTIPLICITY
----------------------------------------------------------------------

IF:
    P contains factor F^m
    Q contains factor F^n

THEN after cancellation:
    net exponent:
        numerator if m>n: F^(m-n)
        denominator if n>m: F^(n-m)
        none if m=n

ORIGINAL RESTRICTION:
    F!=0 remains.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
38. NORMAL FORM
----------------------------------------------------------------------

NORMAL_FORM(R):

    numerator and denominator coprime
    up to units

    denominator canonicalised
    coefficient common factors removed

    original excluded-value metadata stored separately

RULE NF_01:
    reduced algebraic fraction plus restriction set forms complete
    semantic representation.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
39. COPRIME NUMERATOR AND DENOMINATOR
----------------------------------------------------------------------

REDUCED(R) iff
    gcd(P,Q)=1
    up to units

RULE RED_01:
    reduced form unique up to multiplication by common unit,
    under suitable UFD/field conventions.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
40. GCD-BASED SIMPLIFICATION
----------------------------------------------------------------------

SIMPLIFY_BY_GCD(P/Q):

    G=gcd(P,Q)

    P1=P/G
    Q1=Q/G

    return P1/Q1
    with original restrictions retained.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
41. RATIONAL IDENTITY
----------------------------------------------------------------------

IDENTITY(R1,R2) iff
    cross-products equal as polynomial identity
    and semantic domain comparison explicitly handled.

RULE RID_01:
    same reduced fraction does not imply same original partial-function
    domain if restrictions differ.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
42. SPECIAL VALUES
----------------------------------------------------------------------

RULE SV_01:
    numerator zero and denominator nonzero -> value 0

RULE SV_02:
    denominator zero -> undefined

RULE SV_03:
    0/0 -> indeterminate/undefined, not automatic cancellation result

RULE SV_04:
    nonzero/0 -> undefined in ordinary field arithmetic

----------------------------------------------------------------------
43. APPROXIMATE EVALUATION
----------------------------------------------------------------------

APPROX_EVAL(R,a,tolerance):

    if |Q(a)| near zero:
        flag numerical_instability

    else:
        evaluate with declared numeric precision

RULE AE_01:
    near-pole numerical evaluation requires caution.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
44. SIGN OF RATIONAL EXPRESSION
----------------------------------------------------------------------

SIGN(R,x):

    REQUIRE:
        Q(x)!=0

    sign(R)=sign(P)*sign(Q)

RULE SIGN_01:
    factor multiplicities determine sign changes across real roots.

RULE SIGN_02:
    even multiplicity factor does not change sign crossing root.

RULE SIGN_03:
    odd multiplicity factor changes sign crossing root.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
45. GRAPH-STRUCTURAL LINK
----------------------------------------------------------------------

RATIONAL_GRAPH_FEATURES may include:

    x_intercepts from valid numerator zeros

    y_intercept if x=0 in domain

    holes from cancelled denominator factors

    vertical_asymptotes from uncancelled denominator roots

    horizontal_or_polynomial_asymptotes from degree comparison/division

NOTE:
    graphing belongs to function/geometry ontology;
    structural relationships declared here.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
46. SEMANTIC RELATIONSHIPS
----------------------------------------------------------------------

RELATION HAS_NUMERATOR(RationalExpression,Polynomial)
RELATION HAS_DENOMINATOR(RationalExpression,Polynomial)
RELATION HAS_DOMAIN_RESTRICTION(RationalExpression,Constraint)
RELATION SIMPLIFIES_TO(RationalExpression,RationalExpression)
RELATION EQUIVALENT_TO(RationalExpression,RationalExpression)
RELATION HAS_ZERO(RationalExpression,Zero)
RELATION HAS_POLE(RationalExpression,Pole)
RELATION HAS_HOLE(RationalExpression,RemovableDiscontinuity)
RELATION HAS_ASYMPTOTE(RationalExpression,Asymptote)

----------------------------------------------------------------------
47. SEMANTIC EQUIVALENCE
----------------------------------------------------------------------

SEMANTIC_EQUIVALENCE {

    "algebraic fraction" ~= RationalExpression
    "rational expression" ~= quotient_of_polynomials
    "rational function" ~= rational_expression_with_declared_domain
    "excluded value" ~= denominator_zero_domain_restriction
    "cancel common factor" ~= divide numerator_and_denominator_by_same_nonzero_factor
    "hole" ~= removable_discontinuity
    "vertical asymptote" ~= uncancelled denominator-zero asymptotic location
    "proper rational expression" ~= numerator_degree_less_than_denominator_degree
    "improper rational expression" ~= numerator_degree_at_least_denominator_degree
    "LCD" ~= least_common_denominator
}

----------------------------------------------------------------------
48. QUERY INTERPRETATION
----------------------------------------------------------------------

QUERY Q1:
    "simplify rational expression"
    -> SIMPLIFY_RATIONAL

QUERY Q2:
    "find restrictions"
    -> EXTRACT_RESTRICTIONS

QUERY Q3:
    "add rational expressions"
    -> ADD

QUERY Q4:
    "multiply rational expressions"
    -> MULTIPLY

QUERY Q5:
    "divide rational expressions"
    -> DIVIDE

QUERY Q6:
    "solve rational equation"
    -> SOLVE_RATIONAL_EQUATION

QUERY Q7:
    "find holes/asymptotes"
    -> factor, reduce, compare degree and restrictions

QUERY Q8:
    "are these equivalent"
    -> cross-product identity plus domain comparison

----------------------------------------------------------------------
49. VALIDATION ENGINE
----------------------------------------------------------------------

PROCEDURE VALIDATE_RATIONAL_OPERATION(operation,inputs,result):

    verify each denominator nonzero polynomial

    collect all original restrictions

    verify algebraic transformation

    verify cancelled factors recorded as restrictions

    verify resulting numerator/denominator domains

    for equivalence:
        compare on common valid domain

    for equation solving:
        substitute candidates into original equation

    return:
        VALID
        INVALID(reason)
        UNRESOLVED

----------------------------------------------------------------------
50. RECURSIVE REASONING ENGINE
----------------------------------------------------------------------

PROCEDURE RATIONAL_REASONER(input):

    parse numerators

    parse denominators

    infer coefficient domain

    extract denominator restrictions

    classify requested operation

    factor when useful

    select valid rational rules

    execute atomic transformations

    preserve exclusion metadata

    validate intermediate states

    recurse until goal achieved

    validate final result

    RETURN:
        result,
        derivation,
        domain_restrictions,
        coefficient_domain,
        semantic_status,
        confidence

----------------------------------------------------------------------
51. RECURSIVE TRANSITION
----------------------------------------------------------------------

RECURSIVE_RULE RR_01:

    INPUT state S_n

    identify unresolved rational-expression property

    choose rule R such that:
        denominator_preconditions=true
        coefficient_domain_preconditions=true
        factor_preconditions=true

    S_(n+1):=apply(R,S_n)

    preserve original restriction set

    validate transition

    recurse(S_(n+1))

TERMINATION_CONDITIONS := {
    rational_goal_achieved,
    reduced_form_reached,
    invalid_denominator,
    excluded_candidate,
    coefficient_domain_failure,
    no_valid_rule
}

----------------------------------------------------------------------
52. ERROR MODEL
----------------------------------------------------------------------

ERROR E_ZERO_DENOMINATOR_POLYNOMIAL
ERROR E_DENOMINATOR_ZERO_AT_VALUE
ERROR E_LOST_DOMAIN_RESTRICTION
ERROR E_INVALID_CANCELLATION
ERROR E_DIVISION_BY_ZERO_RATIONAL
ERROR E_LCD_ERROR
ERROR E_CROSS_MULTIPLICATION_EXTRANEOUS
ERROR E_EQUIVALENCE_DOMAIN_MISMATCH
ERROR E_ASYMPTOTE_MISCLASSIFICATION
ERROR E_HOLE_MISCLASSIFICATION
ERROR E_COEFFICIENT_DOMAIN_MISMATCH

----------------------------------------------------------------------
53. CONFIDENCE MODEL
----------------------------------------------------------------------

CONFIDENCE {

    base:=1.00

    deduct 0.10 if coefficient domain inferred
    deduct 0.10 if factorisation domain inferred
    deduct 0.15 if denominator roots unresolved
    deduct 0.15 if cancellation restrictions implicit
    deduct 0.20 if asymptotic classification incomplete
    deduct 0.20 if equivalence domains unclear
    deduct 0.25 if original expression unavailable after simplification

    clamp_to_[0,1]

    classification:
        [0.95,1.00] -> very_high
        [0.85,0.95) -> high
        [0.70,0.85) -> moderate
        [0.50,0.70) -> low
        [0.00,0.50) -> insufficient
}

----------------------------------------------------------------------
54. AI CONSUMPTION MODEL
----------------------------------------------------------------------

AI_CONSUMPTION {

    read_order := [
        rational_definition,
        domain_restrictions,
        factorisation,
        simplification,
        arithmetic,
        equivalence,
        roots_and_poles,
        asymptotes,
        rational_equations,
        validation
    ]

    execution_policy := {
        preserve_original_denominator_restrictions,
        never_cancel_without_recording_nonzero_condition,
        distinguish_algebraic_simplification_from_domain_equivalence,
        validate_cross_multiplication_candidates,
        distinguish_holes_from_vertical_asymptotes,
        preserve_coefficient_domain,
        prefer_factored_form_for_structure_analysis
    }
}

----------------------------------------------------------------------
55. UPDATE MODEL
----------------------------------------------------------------------

UPDATE_MODEL {

    extensible:=true

    new_rational_operation_requires:
        numerator_rule,
        denominator_rule,
        domain_restrictions

    new_simplification_rule_requires:
        equivalence_condition,
        restriction_preservation

    new_asymptotic_rule_requires:
        degree_or_limit_conditions

    conflicts_require:
        explicit_versioning

    standard_algebraic_meaning_has_priority:=true
}

----------------------------------------------------------------------
56. SELF-CHECK
----------------------------------------------------------------------

SELF_CHECK {

    CHECK denominator is not zero polynomial
    CHECK all denominator-zero points excluded
    CHECK cancellation factors valid
    CHECK cancelled zeros retained as restrictions
    CHECK addition/subtraction use valid common denominator
    CHECK division adds divisor-numerator nonzero restriction
    CHECK reduced numerator and denominator coprime where claimed
    CHECK rational equation candidates checked in original equation
    CHECK holes distinguished from poles
    CHECK asymptote classification consistent with reduced form
    CHECK final result validated
}

----------------------------------------------------------------------
57. COMPLETION CONDITIONS
----------------------------------------------------------------------

COMPLETE iff {

    rational_expression_defined
    AND rational_function_defined
    AND domain_restrictions_defined
    AND simplification_defined
    AND arithmetic_defined
    AND LCD_defined
    AND equivalence_defined
    AND zeroes_defined
    AND poles_defined
    AND holes_defined
    AND asymptotes_defined
    AND rational_equation_solver_defined
    AND rational_inequality_solver_defined
    AND rational_function_field_defined
    AND semantic_equivalence_defined
    AND validation_defined
    AND recursive_reasoning_defined
    AND confidence_defined
    AND ai_consumption_defined
    AND update_model_defined
}

IF NOT COMPLETE:
    semantic_status:=incomplete_flow

----------------------------------------------------------------------
58. FLOW TERMINATION
----------------------------------------------------------------------

TERMINATE WHEN:

    requested rational-expression goal achieved
    AND algebraic result validated
    AND original domain restrictions preserved

OR

    denominator condition makes requested evaluation undefined

OR

    candidate solution violates original restrictions

OR

    coefficient-domain conditions prevent operation

OR

    no valid rational transformation remains

FINAL_STATE := {
    rational_result,
    derivation,
    reduced_form,
    original_domain_restrictions,
    coefficient_domain,
    semantic_status,
    confidence
}

} // END FLOW RationalExpressionOntology

======================================================================
END FLOW
======================================================================

FLOW STATUS:
Complete

CANONICAL PAGE:
https://kirethresearch.org/booksai-core/ontologies/mathematical-ontologies/algebra-ontologies/rational-expression-ontology.html

FLOW_HASH_SHA256: 3f1f4368a8c66ceca157909d920d034f333308b2c68f77aff729d1de79a1d634
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