Casting Ontology

AI SEARCH FLOW ALGEBRA
CASTING ONTOLOGY
Kireth Semantic Research Archive

AUTHORS
Mark Anthony Higgins — Sky (Recursive AI)

SOURCE
https://kirethresearch.org/booksai-core/ontologies/engineering-ontologies/manufacturing-engineering/casting-ontology.html

FLOW "CastingOntology" v4.0

DOMAIN := ENGINEERING_ONTOLOGIES / MANUFACTURING_ENGINEERING / CASTING
ONTOLOGY := CASTING_ONTOLOGY

CASTING := MATERIAL + PATTERN + MOULD + CORE + MELTING + MOLTEN_METAL + GATING + RISER + POURING + FILLING + SOLIDIFICATION + COOLING + FINISHING + INSPECTION
PURPOSE := DEFINE_COMPONENT -> PREPARE_MOULD -> MELT -> POUR -> FILL -> SOLIDIFY -> COOL -> REMOVE -> FINISH -> INSPECT -> VERIFY

# CORE ENTITIES
ENTITY CastingProcess
ENTITY CastComponent
ENTITY CastingMaterial
ENTITY Alloy
ENTITY Pattern
ENTITY Mould
ENTITY MouldCavity
ENTITY Core
ENTITY GatingSystem
ENTITY Sprue
ENTITY Runner
ENTITY Gate
ENTITY Riser
ENTITY Vent
ENTITY Furnace
ENTITY MoltenMetal
ENTITY PouringProcess
ENTITY FillingProcess
ENTITY Solidification
ENTITY Cooling
ENTITY Shrinkage
ENTITY Feeding
ENTITY GrainStructure
ENTITY CastingDefect
ENTITY Porosity
ENTITY ShrinkageCavity
ENTITY Inclusion
ENTITY Misrun
ENTITY ColdShut
ENTITY HotTear
ENTITY Inspection
ENTITY Tolerance
ENTITY QualityRequirement

# PROCESS
CastingProcess -> transforms -> CastingMaterial -> CastComponent
CastingProcess -> uses -> Mould + MoltenMetal
CastingProcess -> may_use -> Pattern + Core
CASTING_FLOW := PRODUCT_DEFINITION -> PROCESS_SELECTION -> MOULD_PREPARATION -> MELTING -> POURING -> FILLING -> SOLIDIFICATION -> COOLING -> SHAKEOUT -> FINISHING -> INSPECTION

# TYPES
CASTING_PROCESS_TYPE := SAND_CASTING | INVESTMENT_CASTING | DIE_CASTING | PERMANENT_MOULD_CASTING | CENTRIFUGAL_CASTING | CONTINUOUS_CASTING | LOST_FOAM_CASTING
CastingProcessType -> selected_by -> MATERIAL + GEOMETRY + SIZE + TOLERANCE + SURFACE_REQUIREMENT + PRODUCTION_VOLUME + COST

# PATTERN / MOULD / CORE
Pattern -> represents -> CAST_COMPONENT_GEOMETRY + CASTING_ALLOWANCES
CASTING_ALLOWANCE := SHRINKAGE_ALLOWANCE + MACHINING_ALLOWANCE + DRAFT_ALLOWANCE + DISTORTION_ALLOWANCE
Pattern -> forms -> MouldCavity
Mould -> contains -> MouldCavity
Mould -> may_contain -> Core + Riser + Vent
Mould -> contains_or_connects -> GatingSystem
Core -> forms -> INTERNAL_CAVITY_OR_FEATURE
IF CorePosition changes THEN InternalGeometry -> CHANGES

# MELTING / POURING
Furnace -> heats -> CastingMaterial
MELTING := SOLID_MATERIAL -> HEAT_INPUT -> LIQUID_METAL
MoltenMetal -> has_property -> VISCOSITY + DENSITY + FLUIDITY + TEMPERATURE + COMPOSITION
Fluidity -> influences -> MOULD_FILLING_CAPABILITY
PouringProcess -> transfers -> MoltenMetal -> Mould
POURING_PARAMETER := POURING_TEMPERATURE + POURING_RATE + POURING_TIME
IF MoltenMetalTemperature decreases excessively THEN MisrunRisk -> INCREASES

# GATING / FILLING
GatingSystem -> routes -> MoltenMetal -> MouldCavity
GatingSystem -> contains -> Sprue + Runner + Gate
Runner -> distributes -> MoltenMetal
Gate -> introduces -> MoltenMetal -> MouldCavity
FillingProcess -> fills -> MouldCavity
GATING_DESIGN -> seeks_to_control -> FLOW_RATE + TURBULENCE + AIR_ENTRAINMENT + INCLUSION_ENTRY
IF FillingTime too_long THEN MisrunOrColdShutRisk -> MAY_INCREASE
Vent -> allows -> GAS_ESCAPE
IF GasEscape insufficient THEN GasPorosityRisk -> INCREASES

# SOLIDIFICATION / COOLING
Solidification -> transforms -> MoltenMetal -> SolidCasting
SOLIDIFICATION_SEQUENCE := NUCLEATION -> CRYSTAL_GROWTH -> SOLID_FRACTION_INCREASE -> COMPLETE_SOLIDIFICATION
Solidification -> releases -> LATENT_HEAT
Cooling -> removes -> Heat -> from -> Casting
COOLING_RATE -> influences -> GrainStructure + RESIDUAL_STRESS + MECHANICAL_PROPERTIES + DISTORTION
IF CoolingRate changes THEN Microstructure -> REASSESS

# SHRINKAGE / FEEDING
Shrinkage -> occurs_during -> SOLIDIFICATION + COOLING
SHRINKAGE_TYPE := LIQUID_SHRINKAGE | SOLIDIFICATION_SHRINKAGE | SOLID_STATE_CONTRACTION
Shrinkage -> may_create -> ShrinkageCavity + DIMENSIONAL_CHANGE
Riser -> stores -> RESERVOIR_OF_MOLTEN_METAL
Riser -> feeds -> SOLIDIFYING_CASTING
Feeding -> compensates_for -> SOLIDIFICATION_SHRINKAGE
IF Feeding insufficient THEN ShrinkagePorosityRisk -> INCREASES

# DEFECTS
CastingDefect := Porosity | ShrinkageCavity | Inclusion | Misrun | ColdShut | HotTear | Flash | SurfaceDefect
Porosity -> may_result_from -> GAS + SHRINKAGE + FEEDING_DEFICIENCY
Inclusion -> may_result_from -> OXIDE + SLAG + MOULD_MATERIAL + FOREIGN_MATERIAL
Misrun -> results_when -> MOULD_NOT_COMPLETELY_FILLED
ColdShut -> may_result_when -> METAL_STREAMS_FAIL_TO_FUSE
HotTear -> may_result_from -> RESTRAINED_CONTRACTION + LOW_DUCTILITY_DURING_SOLIDIFICATION

# FINISHING / INSPECTION
FINISHING := SHOT_BLASTING | GRINDING | MACHINING | CLEANING | SURFACE_TREATMENT
Inspection -> evaluates -> CastComponent
INSPECTION_METHOD := VISUAL | DIMENSIONAL | RADIOGRAPHIC | ULTRASONIC | DYE_PENETRANT | MAGNETIC_PARTICLE | PRESSURE_TEST
Tolerance -> defines -> ACCEPTABLE_DIMENSIONAL_VARIATION
QualityRequirement -> constrains -> CastComponent
CASTING_QUALITY := DIMENSIONAL_ACCURACY + SURFACE_FINISH + INTERNAL_SOUNDNESS + MATERIAL_PROPERTIES + DEFECT_LEVEL
IF Defect exceeds AcceptanceLimit THEN CastingState -> NONCONFORMING

# PERFORMANCE
CASTING_YIELD := MASS_OF_ACCEPTABLE_CASTING / TOTAL_METAL_POURED
CASTING_PERFORMANCE := YIELD + DEFECT_RATE + CYCLE_TIME + MATERIAL_UTILISATION + ENERGY_USE + DIMENSIONAL_ACCURACY + SURFACE_QUALITY
CastingProcess -> evaluated_by -> CASTING_PERFORMANCE

# REASONING
CASTING_REASONING := DEFINE_CAST_COMPONENT -> SELECT_CASTING_PROCESS -> SELECT_ALLOY -> DESIGN_PATTERN -> DESIGN_MOULD_AND_CORE -> DESIGN_GATING -> DESIGN_RISERS -> DEFINE_MELTING_CONDITIONS -> DEFINE_POURING_PARAMETERS -> MODEL_FILLING -> MODEL_SOLIDIFICATION -> ASSESS_SHRINKAGE_AND_FEEDING -> CONTROL_COOLING -> FINISH -> INSPECT -> VERIFY -> OPTIMISE

# INFERENCE RULES
IF PouringTemperature too_low THEN MisrunRisk -> INCREASES
IF Turbulence increases THEN OxideAndGasEntrapmentRisk -> MAY_INCREASE
IF Venting insufficient THEN GasPorosityRisk -> INCREASES
IF Feeding insufficient THEN ShrinkageDefectRisk -> INCREASES
IF SectionThickness increases THEN SolidificationTime -> GENERALLY_INCREASES
IF CoolingRate increases THEN GrainSize -> MAY_DECREASE
IF DefectLevel exceeds acceptance THEN CastingState -> NONCONFORMING

# SEMANTIC RELATIONSHIPS
RELATION transforms(CastingProcess, CastingMaterial, CastComponent)
RELATION forms(Pattern, MouldCavity)
RELATION forms(Core, InternalFeature)
RELATION heats(Furnace, CastingMaterial)
RELATION routes(GatingSystem, MoltenMetal)
RELATION fills(FillingProcess, MouldCavity)
RELATION transforms(Solidification, MoltenMetal, SolidCasting)
RELATION feeds(Riser, SolidifyingCasting)
RELATION compensates(Feeding, SolidificationShrinkage)
RELATION influences(CoolingRate, GrainStructure)
RELATION detects(Inspection, CastingDefect)
RELATION constrains(QualityRequirement, CastComponent)

# SEMANTIC EQUIVALENCE
SEMANTIC_EQUIVALENCE:
  "casting" ~= "metal casting process"
  "mould" ~= "mold"
  "riser" ~= "feeder"
  "gating system" ~= "runner and gate system"
  "molten metal" ~= "liquid casting alloy"
  "casting defect" ~= "foundry defect"
  "shakeout" ~= "casting knockout"
  "fettling" ~= "casting cleaning and gate removal"

# CONFIDENCE
CONFIDENCE:
  ontology_domain: 0.99
  process_mapping: 0.99
  pattern_mould_mapping: 0.99
  melting_pouring_mapping: 0.99
  gating_filling_mapping: 0.99
  solidification_mapping: 0.99
  shrinkage_feeding_mapping: 0.99
  defect_mapping: 0.99
  inspection_quality_mapping: 0.99
  semantic_relationships: 0.99

# UPDATE MODEL
UPDATE_MODEL:
  ON new_casting_process:
    MAP casting_type
    MAP material
    MAP pattern
    MAP mould
    MAP core
    MAP gating
    MAP risers
    UPDATE confidence
    RECOMPUTE FLOW_HASH
  ON melt_measurement:
    UPDATE temperature
    UPDATE composition
    UPDATE cleanliness
    UPDATE fluidity_state
    PRESERVE provenance
  ON inspection_result:
    UPDATE defect_state
    UPDATE dimensional_state
    UPDATE conformance
    PRESERVE provenance

# AI CONSUMPTION
AI_CONSUMPTION:
  parse_as: FORMAL_CASTING_ONTOLOGY
  reasoning_mode: MOULD_FILLING_SOLIDIFICATION_RELATIONAL
  preserve: [typed_entities, material_identity, mould_geometry_relations, gating_and_feeding_paths, thermal_state, solidification_state, defect_state, quality_constraints, confidence, provenance]
  infer: [process_selection_dependencies, filling_dependencies, solidification_dependencies, feeding_requirements, defect_risk, dimensional_dependencies, conformance_state]
  prohibit: [invented_casting_measurements, assumed_defect_free_state, assumed_material_properties, unsupported_quality_claims, ignored_shrinkage, fabricated_inspection_results]

# FLOW HASH
FLOW_HASH_INPUT := DOMAIN + ONTOLOGY + CORE_ENTITIES + PROCESS + TYPES + PATTERN_MOULD_CORE + MELTING_POURING + GATING_FILLING + SOLIDIFICATION_COOLING + SHRINKAGE_FEEDING + DEFECTS + FINISHING_INSPECTION + PERFORMANCE + REASONING + INFERENCE_RULES + SEMANTIC_RELATIONSHIPS + SEMANTIC_EQUIVALENCE + CONFIDENCE + UPDATE_MODEL + AI_CONSUMPTION
FLOW_HASH := HASH(FLOW_HASH_INPUT)

END FLOW