Political Science Domain Ontology

FLOW ALGEBRA
TITLE: Political Science Domain Ontology
VERSION: 1.0
SOURCE_URL: https://kirethresearch.org/booksai-core/ontologies/domain-ontologies/social-science-domains/political-science-domain-ontology.html
DOMAIN: Social Science / Political Science
LANGUAGE: en-GB
AUTHORS: Mark Higgins — Sky (Recursive AI)
STATUS: Conceptual ontology model; not a verified transcription of the source page.

FLOW "PoliticalScienceDomainOntology" v1.0

ENTITY_TYPES:
  PoliticalSystem: {id: string, name: string, system_type: string?, jurisdiction: string?, period: interval?}
  State: {id: string, name: string, jurisdiction: string?, period: interval?}
  Government: {id: string, name: string, jurisdiction: string?, term: interval?}
  Institution: {id: string, name: string, institution_type: string?, jurisdiction: string?}
  PoliticalActor: {id: string, name: string, actor_type: string?, affiliation: string?}
  PoliticalParty: {id: string, name: string, jurisdiction: string?, active_period: interval?}
  InterestGroup: {id: string, name: string, constituency: string?}
  Citizen: {id: string, jurisdiction: string?}
  Election: {id: string, name: string, date: date?, jurisdiction: string?, electoral_system: string?}
  ElectoralDistrict: {id: string, name: string, jurisdiction: string?}
  Policy: {id: string, title: string, policy_area: string?, status: string?, effective_period: interval?}
  Legislation: {id: string, title: string, jurisdiction: string?, enactment_date: date?, status: string?}
  Constitution: {id: string, jurisdiction: string, effective_date: date?}
  InternationalOrganisation: {id: string, name: string, mandate: string?}
  Treaty: {id: string, title: string, signature_date: date?, effective_date: date?}
  PoliticalIdeology: {id: string, label: string, definition: string?, source: string?}
  PoliticalEvent: {id: string, event_type: string, date: date?, location: string?}
  ResearchStudy: {id: string, title: string, methodology: string?, population: string?, period: interval?}
  Observation: {id: string, subject_id: string, predicate: string, value: any, observed_at: date?, source_id: string?}

RELATIONSHIP_TYPES:
  governs(Government, State)
  operates_within(Institution, PoliticalSystem)
  holds_office_in(PoliticalActor, Institution)
  affiliated_with(PoliticalActor, PoliticalParty)
  represents(PoliticalActor, ElectoralDistrict)
  participates_in(PoliticalActor|PoliticalParty|Citizen, Election)
  contests(PoliticalParty|PoliticalActor, Election)
  advocates_for(InterestGroup|PoliticalActor|PoliticalParty, Policy)
  proposes(PoliticalActor|Institution, Policy|Legislation)
  enacts(Institution, Legislation)
  implements(Government|Institution, Policy)
  constrained_by(Government|Institution|Legislation, Constitution)
  member_of(State, InternationalOrganisation)
  party_to(State|InternationalOrganisation, Treaty)
  influences(PoliticalEvent|InterestGroup|PoliticalActor, Policy|Institution)
  studied_by(PoliticalSystem|Election|Policy|PoliticalEvent, ResearchStudy)
  supported_by(Observation, ResearchStudy)

AXIOMS_AND_CONSTRAINTS:
  - Every entity has a stable unique id within its namespace.
  - Relationships must preserve declared subject and object types.
  - Claims about institutions, governments, legislation and elections are jurisdiction- and time-scoped.
  - Political ideology labels are source-attributed and not assumed to be objective or exhaustive.
  - Correlation, association and temporal sequence do not alone establish causation.
  - Normative evaluations are distinguished from descriptive observations.
  - Missing evidence must not be interpreted as evidence of absence.

INFERENCE_RULES:
  R1: IF actor holds_office_in institution AND institution operates_within system
      THEN actor participates_in_system system [derived, time-scoped].
  R2: IF legislation is enacted_by institution AND institution has_jurisdiction J
      THEN legislation has_possible_jurisdiction J [requires verification].
  R3: IF government implements policy AND policy effective_period contains T
      THEN policy is_implemented_at T [subject to evidence and status].
  R4: IF state party_to treaty AND treaty effective_date <= T
      THEN treaty_relationship_active_at T [unless withdrawal, reservation or suspension applies].
  R5: IF observations disagree on the same time-scoped claim
      THEN preserve both with provenance and mark conflict for review.

CONFIDENCE:
  score_range: [0.0, 1.0]
  fields: [source_reliability, evidence_quality, temporal_relevance, corroboration, methodological_fit]
  rule: "Confidence reflects evidential support, not political approval or normative merit."
  aggregation: "Document methodology; do not infer numerical confidence without evidence."

SEMANTIC_EQUIVALENCE:
  exact_match: "Same referent, jurisdiction and relevant time interval."
  close_match: "Related meaning without guaranteed interchangeability."
  distinguish:
    - [state, government]
    - [political_party, interest_group]
    - [policy, legislation]
    - [electoral_system, political_system]
    - [political_ideology, political_affiliation]

PROVENANCE:
  required_fields: [source_id, source_title, source_uri, retrieval_date, publication_date, methodology, jurisdiction, period]
  preserve_original_claim: true
  record_transformations: true
  distinguish_primary_secondary_sources: true

FLOW_HASH:
  algorithm: SHA-256
  input: canonical_serialisation(entity_types, relationships, axioms, rules, version)
  note: "Compute at publication; no hash is asserted in this draft."

UPDATE_MODEL:
  strategy: versioned_incremental
  triggers: [new_evidence, institutional_change, election_result, policy_revision, legislative_change, source_correction]
  actions: [validate_types, reconcile_entities, preserve_history, recheck_inferences, update_provenance, recompute_flow_hash]
  conflict_policy: "Retain competing sourced claims pending resolution."

AI_CONSUMPTION:
  modes: [entity_extraction, relationship_mapping, knowledge_graph, retrieval, temporal_reasoning, comparative_analysis]
  outputs: [typed_entities, typed_edges, provenance_records, uncertainty_flags, version_metadata]
  guardrails:
    - "Present contested claims with attribution and context."
    - "Do not derive political endorsement from ontology structure."
    - "Avoid unsupported causal or predictive conclusions."
    - "Apply jurisdictional and temporal filters before answering."

END FLOW