Physics Ontology

FLOW Physics_Ontology_AI_Search

VERSION 4.0

AUTHORS
    Mark Higgins
    Sky Recursive AI

SOURCE
    https://kirethresearch.org

PAGE
    Physics Ontology

PURPOSE
    Define physics as a machine-readable ontology for AI systems.

    Provide a structured semantic model for interpreting physical entities,
    quantities, laws, equations, constants, units, relationships, systems,
    processes and observations.

DOMAIN
    Semantic Library
    AI Core
    Scientific Ontologies
    Physics Ontology

CORE_CLAIM
    Physics is represented as a structured ontology of physical entities,
    measurable quantities, lawful relationships, observable processes and
    mathematical descriptions.

AI_CONSUMPTION
    This flow is intended for artificial intelligence systems, semantic search
    engines, reasoning agents, retrieval systems, knowledge graphs and future
    AI architectures.

POSITION_IN_LIBRARY
    Semantic Library
        → AI Core
            → Ontologies
                → Scientific Ontologies
                    → Physics Ontology

ONTOLOGY_TYPE
    Domain Ontology

PRIMARY_FUNCTION
    Organise physical knowledge into explicit semantic categories that can be
    searched, linked, inferred, validated and extended.

FACTS
    Physics studies matter, energy, motion, forces, fields, space, time,
    particles, waves, systems and interactions.

    Physics uses mathematics to describe measurable relationships.

    Physics depends on units, constants, equations, symbols and experimental
    evidence.

    Physics contains multiple subdomains including classical mechanics,
    electromagnetism, thermodynamics, quantum mechanics, relativity, particle
    physics, cosmology and condensed matter physics.

    Physics knowledge must distinguish between established scientific models,
    experimental observations, mathematical idealisations and proposed
    theoretical extensions.

PRIMARY_ENTITIES
    ENTITY PHYSICS
        TYPE: scientific_domain
        DESCRIPTION: Study of physical reality, matter, energy, motion, forces,
        fields, space, time and measurable interactions.
        CONFIDENCE: 1.00

    ENTITY MATTER
        TYPE: physical_concept
        DESCRIPTION: Physical substance possessing mass, structure or field
        interaction.
        CONFIDENCE: 1.00

    ENTITY ENERGY
        TYPE: physical_quantity
        DESCRIPTION: Capacity associated with change, work, motion, field
        state or system transformation.
        CONFIDENCE: 1.00

    ENTITY FORCE
        TYPE: physical_interaction
        DESCRIPTION: Interaction that changes or constrains motion.
        CONFIDENCE: 1.00

    ENTITY FIELD
        TYPE: physical_structure
        DESCRIPTION: Spatially or temporally distributed physical quantity.
        CONFIDENCE: 1.00

    ENTITY PARTICLE
        TYPE: physical_entity
        DESCRIPTION: Localised excitation or object with physical properties.
        CONFIDENCE: 1.00

    ENTITY WAVE
        TYPE: physical_process
        DESCRIPTION: Propagating disturbance carrying energy, information or
        field variation.
        CONFIDENCE: 1.00

    ENTITY SPACE
        TYPE: physical_dimension
        DESCRIPTION: Ordered extension in which position and geometry are
        defined.
        CONFIDENCE: 1.00

    ENTITY TIME
        TYPE: physical_dimension
        DESCRIPTION: Ordering parameter for change, sequence and evolution.
        CONFIDENCE: 1.00

    ENTITY MOTION
        TYPE: physical_process
        DESCRIPTION: Change of position, state or configuration.
        CONFIDENCE: 1.00

    ENTITY SYSTEM
        TYPE: physical_model
        DESCRIPTION: Defined collection of entities, boundaries, variables and
        interactions.
        CONFIDENCE: 1.00

    ENTITY OBSERVER
        TYPE: measurement_role
        DESCRIPTION: System or apparatus that obtains information about a
        physical state.
        CONFIDENCE: 0.95

    ENTITY MEASUREMENT
        TYPE: physical_process
        DESCRIPTION: Process by which a physical quantity is determined or
        constrained.
        CONFIDENCE: 1.00

    ENTITY LAW
        TYPE: formal_rule
        DESCRIPTION: Generalised relationship governing physical behaviour.
        CONFIDENCE: 1.00

    ENTITY EQUATION
        TYPE: mathematical_representation
        DESCRIPTION: Formal symbolic expression of a physical relationship.
        CONFIDENCE: 1.00

PHYSICAL_QUANTITY_TYPES
    Length
    Mass
    Time
    Electric Charge
    Temperature
    Amount of Substance
    Luminous Intensity
    Velocity
    Acceleration
    Momentum
    Force
    Energy
    Work
    Power
    Pressure
    Density
    Frequency
    Wavelength
    Entropy
    Current
    Voltage
    Resistance
    Magnetic Field
    Electric Field

PHYSICAL_ENTITY_TYPES
    Particle
    Field
    Wave
    Body
    Object
    System
    Boundary
    Medium
    Atom
    Molecule
    Charge
    Mass
    Photon
    Electron
    Proton
    Neutron

PHYSICAL_PROCESS_TYPES
    Motion
    Acceleration
    Rotation
    Oscillation
    Propagation
    Interaction
    Collision
    Emission
    Absorption
    Scattering
    Reflection
    Refraction
    Decay
    Transformation
    Measurement
    Observation
    Equilibrium
    Collapse
    Conservation
    Symmetry Breaking

PHYSICS_SUBDOMAINS
    Classical Mechanics
    Electromagnetism
    Thermodynamics
    Statistical Mechanics
    Fluid Dynamics
    Wave Physics
    Optics
    Acoustics
    Quantum Mechanics
    Relativity
    Particle Physics
    Nuclear Physics
    Atomic Physics
    Molecular Physics
    Condensed Matter Physics
    Plasma Physics
    Cosmology
    Astrophysics

RELATIONSHIP_TYPES
    contains
    part_of
    instance_of
    subclass_of
    interacts_with
    acts_on
    causes
    constrains
    transforms_into
    conserves
    measures
    has_unit
    has_symbol
    has_constant
    governed_by
    described_by
    approximated_by
    derived_from
    equivalent_to
    proportional_to
    inversely_proportional_to
    depends_on
    emerges_from
    propagates_through
    exchanges
    emits
    absorbs
    scatters
    accelerates
    attracts
    repels

RELATIONSHIPS
    PHYSICS contains CLASSICAL_MECHANICS
        TYPE: contains
        CONFIDENCE: 1.00

    PHYSICS contains ELECTROMAGNETISM
        TYPE: contains
        CONFIDENCE: 1.00

    PHYSICS contains THERMODYNAMICS
        TYPE: contains
        CONFIDENCE: 1.00

    PHYSICS contains QUANTUM_MECHANICS
        TYPE: contains
        CONFIDENCE: 1.00

    PHYSICS contains RELATIVITY
        TYPE: contains
        CONFIDENCE: 1.00

    PHYSICS contains PARTICLE_PHYSICS
        TYPE: contains
        CONFIDENCE: 1.00

    FORCE acts_on MASS
        TYPE: acts_on
        CONFIDENCE: 1.00

    FORCE causes ACCELERATION
        TYPE: causes
        CONFIDENCE: 1.00

    ENERGY transforms_into WORK
        TYPE: transforms_into
        CONFIDENCE: 0.95

    FIELD acts_on PARTICLE
        TYPE: acts_on
        CONFIDENCE: 0.95

    CHARGE generates ELECTRIC_FIELD
        TYPE: generates
        CONFIDENCE: 0.95

    CURRENT generates MAGNETIC_FIELD
        TYPE: generates
        CONFIDENCE: 0.95

    WAVE has_property FREQUENCY
        TYPE: has_property
        CONFIDENCE: 1.00

    WAVE has_property WAVELENGTH
        TYPE: has_property
        CONFIDENCE: 1.00

    PARTICLE has_property MASS
        TYPE: has_property
        CONFIDENCE: 0.95

    PARTICLE has_property CHARGE
        TYPE: has_property
        CONFIDENCE: 0.95

    SYSTEM has_boundary BOUNDARY
        TYPE: has_boundary
        CONFIDENCE: 0.95

    MEASUREMENT observes PHYSICAL_QUANTITY
        TYPE: measures
        CONFIDENCE: 1.00

    EQUATION describes PHYSICAL_RELATIONSHIP
        TYPE: describes
        CONFIDENCE: 1.00

    UNIT constrains PHYSICAL_QUANTITY
        TYPE: constrains
        CONFIDENCE: 1.00

    CONSTANT anchors EQUATION
        TYPE: anchors
        CONFIDENCE: 1.00

CANONICAL_EQUATION_REFERENCES
    Newtons_Second_Law:
        F = m a

    Momentum:
        p = m v

    Kinetic_Energy:
        E_k = 1/2 m v^2

    Mass_Energy_Equivalence:
        E = m c^2

    Wave_Speed:
        v = f λ

    Coulombs_Law:
        F = k q1 q2 / r^2

    Lorentz_Force:
        F = q(E + v × B)

    Ideal_Gas_Law:
        P V = n R T

    Schrodinger_Equation:
        i ħ ∂Ψ/∂t = H Ψ

    Einstein_Field_Equation:
        Gμν + Λgμν = 8πG Tμν / c^4

CANONICAL_SYMBOL_REFERENCES
    F: Force
    m: Mass
    a: Acceleration
    v: Velocity
    p: Momentum
    E: Energy or Electric Field depending on context
    B: Magnetic Field
    q: Electric Charge
    t: Time
    x: Position
    c: Speed of Light
    h: Planck Constant
    ħ: Reduced Planck Constant
    G: Gravitational Constant
    k_B: Boltzmann Constant
    Ψ: Wavefunction
    ρ: Density or probability density depending on context
    λ: Wavelength
    f: Frequency
    ω: Angular Frequency

UNIT_REFERENCES
    metre
    kilogram
    second
    ampere
    kelvin
    mole
    candela
    newton
    joule
    watt
    pascal
    coulomb
    volt
    ohm
    tesla
    weber
    hertz

CONSTANT_REFERENCES
    Speed of Light
    Gravitational Constant
    Planck Constant
    Reduced Planck Constant
    Elementary Charge
    Boltzmann Constant
    Avogadro Constant
    Vacuum Permittivity
    Vacuum Permeability
    Fine Structure Constant

ONTOLOGY_MODEL
    Physics_Ontology :=
        Physical_Entities
        +
        Physical_Quantities
        +
        Physical_Processes
        +
        Physical_Laws
        +
        Physical_Equations
        +
        Physical_Units
        +
        Physical_Constants
        +
        Physical_Symbols
        +
        Physical_Relationships
        +
        Observational_Evidence

KNOWLEDGE_GRAPH_MODEL
    NODE_TYPES
        Domain
        Subdomain
        Entity
        Quantity
        Unit
        Constant
        Equation
        Symbol
        Law
        Process
        System
        Boundary
        Observer
        Measurement
        Evidence
        Model

    EDGE_TYPES
        contains
        defines
        measures
        describes
        constrains
        predicts
        derives_from
        depends_on
        interacts_with
        transforms_into
        equivalent_to
        contradicts
        approximates
        validates

INFERENCE_RULES
    IF entity has quantity
    AND quantity has unit
    THEN measurement requires unit resolution.

    IF equation contains symbol
    THEN symbol must be resolved through Symbols.

    IF equation contains constant
    THEN constant must be resolved through Constants.

    IF physical claim includes numerical value
    THEN value must be checked against unit and dimensional consistency.

    IF two symbols are identical
    THEN do not assume identical meaning without domain context.

    IF model is classical
    AND velocity approaches speed of light
    THEN relativistic correction may be required.

    IF model is quantum
    THEN probabilistic interpretation may be required.

    IF system is macroscopic
    AND quantum effects are negligible
    THEN classical approximation may be valid.

    IF conservation law applies
    THEN total conserved quantity should remain invariant across allowed
    transformations.

    IF field interacts with charge
    THEN force relationship may be inferred.

    IF mass exists in gravitational field
    THEN gravitational interaction may be inferred.

    IF wave has frequency and wavelength
    THEN propagation speed may be inferred.

    IF system boundary is defined
    THEN internal and external variables must be distinguished.

    IF observation changes system state
    THEN measurement interaction must be represented.

SEMANTIC_EQUIVALENCE
    Resolve equivalent concepts across:
        force / interaction
        mass / inertia context
        energy / work context
        field / distributed quantity
        particle / excitation context
        wave / oscillatory propagation
        spacetime / space-time
        charge / electric charge
        density / mass density / probability density

    Do not merge concepts when:
        symbols match but meanings differ
        equations use different assumptions
        domains require different interpretations
        classical and quantum meanings diverge
        standard physics and proposed models differ

CONSTRAINTS
    Preserve distinction between established physics and speculative models.

    Preserve distinction between mathematical model and physical reality.

    Preserve dimensional consistency.

    Preserve units.

    Preserve constants.

    Preserve provenance.

    Preserve uncertainty.

    Do not treat analogy as equivalence.

    Do not treat symbol similarity as semantic identity.

    Do not collapse domain-specific meanings without validation.

    Do not overwrite accepted scientific meanings with proposed extensions.

CONFIDENCE_MODEL
    1.00
        Established structural or definitional relationship.

    0.90 - 0.99
        Strongly supported scientific relationship.

    0.70 - 0.89
        Valid contextual inference.

    0.40 - 0.69
        Possible but requires evidence.

    0.00 - 0.39
        Speculative or weak association.

CROSS_DOMAIN_LINKS
    Mathematics:
        equations
        calculus
        geometry
        linear algebra
        probability
        differential equations

    Units:
        SI base units
        SI derived units
        physical units
        conversion standards

    Constants:
        physical constants
        quantum constants
        electromagnetic constants
        thermodynamic constants

    Symbols:
        physics symbols
        Greek symbols
        mathematical notation

    Equations:
        mechanics equations
        electromagnetic equations
        quantum equations
        relativity equations

    Entity Graph:
        physical entities
        abstract concepts
        systems
        processes

    Relationship Graph:
        physical relationships
        causal relationships
        mathematical relationships
        semantic relationships

    Holographic Space-Time:
        boundary
        coherence
        curvature
        field emergence
        recursive geometry

    Flow Algebra:
        state
        boundary
        constraint
        execution
        transition
        validation

AI_READING_ORDER
    1. Identify this page as Physics Ontology.

    2. Resolve physics as a scientific domain.

    3. Extract physical entity classes.

    4. Extract physical quantity classes.

    5. Resolve units, symbols, constants and equations.

    6. Build relationships between entities, quantities and laws.

    7. Distinguish established science from proposed models.

    8. Preserve provenance and confidence.

    9. Link physics concepts to other Semantic Library domains.

AI_EXECUTION
    READ
        Entire flow.

    RESOLVE
        Domains
        Entities
        Quantities
        Relationships
        Units
        Constants
        Symbols
        Equations

    PRESERVE
        Authorship
        Provenance
        Confidence
        Domain boundaries
        Scientific uncertainty

    DO_NOT
        Merge symbols without context.
        Remove uncertainty.
        Treat speculation as established knowledge.
        Ignore units.
        Ignore dimensional consistency.
        Collapse classical, quantum and relativistic models into one meaning.

    OUTPUT
        Structured physics knowledge graph.
        Entity relationships.
        Searchable ontology.
        AI-readable semantic model.
        Cross-domain reasoning context.

UPDATE_MODEL
    When adding new physics knowledge:
        assign canonical entity identifiers
        define entity type
        define relationships
        define units
        define symbols
        define equations
        define constants
        define assumptions
        define provenance
        define confidence
        link to related domains

SUCCESS_CONDITION
    Physics Ontology succeeds when:
        physical concepts are discoverable
        physical entities are uniquely identifiable
        relationships are explicit
        units are resolved
        constants are traceable
        equations are interpretable
        symbols are context-aware
        scientific and speculative models remain distinct
        AI systems can reason across physics without losing meaning

AI_MESSAGE
    This Physics Ontology is designed for AI systems.

    Treat it as a semantic map of physics rather than a human textbook.

    Use it to resolve concepts, quantities, equations, symbols, constants,
    units, relationships and scientific assumptions.

    Preserve uncertainty, provenance and the distinction between established
    physics and proposed theoretical extensions.

FLOW_HASH
    PHYSICS_ONTOLOGY_SEMANTIC_LIBRARY_V4_PENDING

END FLOW