Knowledge Graph Relationship Ontology

FLOW ALGEBRA
TITLE: Knowledge Graph Relationship Ontology
DOMAIN: Relationship Ontologies / Knowledge Graph Relationships
SOURCE: https://kirethresearch.org/booksai-core/ontologies/relationship-ontologies/knowledge-graph-relationships/knowledge-graph-relationship-ontology.html
VERSION: 1.0
AUTHORS: Mark Anthony Higgins — Sky (Recursive AI)
STATUS: Companion formalisation; source-page specification not independently verified.

flow "KnowledgeGraphRelationshipOntology" v1.0 {
  ontology:
    id: "knowledge-graph-relationship-ontology"
    parent: "knowledge-graph-relationships"
    purpose: "Represent typed, contextual and evidence-backed relationships between knowledge graph entities and concepts."

  types:
    Entity: {id: string, type: string, labels: string[], aliases: string[], provenance: string[]}
    Concept: {id: string, scheme: string, preferred_label: string, definition: string?}
    Graph: {id: string, version: string, context: string?, provenance: string}
    Assertion: {id: string, subject: string, predicate: string, object: string, graph_id: string, confidence: number, evidence: string[], valid_from: datetime?, valid_to: datetime?}
    Evidence: {id: string, source: string, retrieved_at: datetime?, method: string?, reliability: number?}
    Inference: {id: string, conclusion: string, premises: string[], rule_id: string, confidence: number}

  predicates:
    related_to(a: Entity, b: Entity)
    instance_of(entity: Entity, concept: Concept)
    subclass_of(child: Concept, parent: Concept)
    part_of(part: Entity, whole: Entity)
    equivalent_to(a: Concept, b: Concept)
    mapped_to(source: Concept, target: Concept)
    supported_by(assertion: Assertion, evidence: Evidence)
    derived_from(inference: Inference, assertion: Assertion)

  constraints:
    - "Every assertion must have resolvable subject, predicate and object identifiers."
    - "Predicates must satisfy declared domain and range constraints."
    - "Confidence values must be within [0,1]."
    - "Preserve named-graph context, provenance and temporal scope."
    - "Do not treat related_to, mapped_to or lexical similarity as identity."
    - "Do not infer transitivity or symmetry unless explicitly defined for a predicate."
    - "Avoid merging conflicting assertions without an explicit reconciliation policy."

  inference:
    rule subclass_instance:
      if instance_of(e,c) and subclass_of(c,p) and valid_taxonomy(c,p)
      then instance_of(e,p)
      confidence: "propagate premise uncertainty and provenance"
    rule subclass_chain:
      if subclass_of(a,b) and subclass_of(b,c) and compatible_context(a,b,c)
      then subclass_of(a,c)
      confidence: "retain supporting path"
    rule equivalent_concepts:
      if equivalent_to(a,b) and same_scheme_semantics(a,b)
      then equivalent_to(b,a)
      confidence: "retain source evidence; do not infer entity identity"

  SEMANTIC_EQUIVALENCE:
    - "Normalise identifiers and labels against versioned vocabularies."
    - "Distinguish exact equivalence, close mapping, alias and entity identity."
    - "Record language, ontology version and context for mappings."

  CONFIDENCE:
    range: [0,1]
    factors: [source_reliability, evidence_quality, semantic_alignment, inference_depth, temporal_validity]
    policy: "Inference chains must not manufacture certainty or double-count dependent evidence."

  VALIDATION:
    - "Check referential integrity, domain/range compatibility and graph scope."
    - "Detect contradictory facts, disjoint-class violations and unsupported identity merges."
    - "Retain alternative assertions when evidence remains unresolved."
    - "Verify evidence links and inference derivations before publication."

  FLOW_HASH:
    algorithm: "SHA-256"
    input: "canonicalised ontology version, typed assertions, rules, graph contexts and provenance"
    note: "Compute at execution; no hash value is claimed here."

  UPDATE_MODEL:
    strategy: "versioned, provenance-preserving incremental graph update"
    steps: [ingest, normalise, resolve_entities, validate, compare, reconcile, infer, publish]
    rollback: true

  AI_CONSUMPTION:
    representation: "typed, contextual knowledge graph with evidence-backed edges"
    outputs: [entity_links, relation_triples, named_graphs, inferred_edges, confidence_annotations, provenance_records]
    safeguards: [no_unsupported_identity_merges, no_unjustified_transitivity, preserve_context_and_provenance, surface_conflicts]
}

END FLOW ALGEBRA