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Measurement Provenance Ontology

AI Measurement Semantics
Authors: MArk Anthony Higgins - Sky Recursive Ai
© Mark Anthony Higgins 11 October 2025
Revised Date: 16 September 2026
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# Measurement Provenance Ontology — Flow Algebra

URL: https://kirethresearch.org/booksai-core/ontologies/mathematical-ontologies/measurement-units-ontologies/ai-measurement-semantics/measurement-provenance-ontology.html

FLOW MeasurementProvenanceOntology {

  DOMAIN:
    Mathematical Ontologies
    -> Measurement & Units Ontologies
    -> AI Measurement Semantics
    -> Measurement Provenance Ontology

  PURPOSE:
    Represent the complete provenance of measurement information so that an AI system can determine where a measurement came from, what was measured, who or what produced it, which instrument, sensor, method, calibration, reference, standard, software and environmental context applied, how the data were transformed, which uncertainty and validation models were used, what versions were active, and how a derived result can be traced recursively back to its originating observations and evidence. The ontology models entities, activities, agents, measurement events, calibration events, reference standards, transformations, derivations, lineage graphs, timestamps, locations, versioning, integrity, signatures, audit history, source authority, semantic confidence, conflicts and reproducibility while strictly distinguishing data provenance from metrological traceability, calibration, authorship, custody, data integrity and measurement uncertainty.

  ENTITY MeasurementProvenance {
    TYPE: MeasurementLineageFramework

    PROPERTIES:
      identifies_source
      identifies_measurement_event
      identifies_entities
      identifies_activities
      identifies_agents
      identifies_instruments
      identifies_methods
      identifies_calibrations
      identifies_references
      identifies_transformations
      identifies_versions
      identifies_temporal_context
      identifies_spatial_context
      identifies_custody
      identifies_integrity
      identifies_derivation
      supports_recursive_lineage
  }

  ENTITY ProvenanceEntity {
    TYPE: PersistedOrConceptualObject

    POSSIBLE:
      measurement_record
      raw_data
      processed_data
      calibration_certificate
      reference_standard
      reference_material
      method_document
      software
      model
      uncertainty_budget
      report
  }

  ENTITY ProvenanceActivity {
    TYPE: ProcessOrEvent

    POSSIBLE:
      measurement
      sampling
      calibration
      adjustment
      conversion
      correction
      filtering
      averaging
      normalisation
      regression
      validation
      review
      publication
  }

  ENTITY ProvenanceAgent {
    TYPE: ResponsibleActor

    POSSIBLE:
      person
      organisation
      laboratory
      instrument
      software_agent
      AI_system

    RULE:
      responsibility_role MUST be explicitly typed
  }

  ENTITY ProvenanceRecord {
    TYPE: StructuredLineageRecord

    COMPONENTS:
      provenance_identifier
      entity_identifier
      activity_identifier
      agent_identifier
      source_identifiers
      timestamps
      versions
      relationships
      evidence
  }

  CORE_PROVENANCE_MODEL {
    questions:
      what
      who_or_what
      when
      where
      how
      from_what
      using_which_reference
      using_which_version
      with_what_uncertainty
      under_which_conditions

    RULE:
      provenance SHOULD support_reconstruction_of_measurement_history
  }

  SOURCE_MODEL {
    source:
      origin_of_measurement_information

    possible:
      direct_observation
      instrument_file
      database
      laboratory_record
      calibration_certificate
      reference_material_certificate
      external_dataset
      publication
      user_input

    RULE:
      source_identity MUST be preserved
  }

  PRIMARY_SOURCE_MODEL {
    source:
      closest_available_record_to_original_measurement_event

    RULE:
      primary_source != necessarily_authoritative_for_every_semantic_claim
  }

  SECONDARY_SOURCE_MODEL {
    source:
      derived_summary_copy_orpublication

    RULE:
      secondary_source SHOULD retain_link_to_primary_source_when_available
  }

  SOURCE_IDENTIFIER_MODEL {
    identifier:
      URI
      UUID
      database_key
      certificate_number
      file_hash
      record_identifier

    RULE:
      source_identifier SHOULD be stable_within_declared_namespace
  }

  MEASUREMENT_EVENT_MODEL {
    event:
      measurement_activity

    fields:
      event_identifier
      measurand
      quantity_kind
      instrument
      sensor
      method
      operator
      time
      location
      environment
      raw_output

    RULE:
      result MUST link_to_measurement_event
  }

  OBSERVATION_MODEL {
    observation:
      direct_recorded_indication_orquantity_value

    RULE:
      observation != derived_result
  }

  RAW_DATA_PROVENANCE_MODEL {
    raw_data:
      direct_ornear_direct_output_of_acquisition

    fields:
      identifier
      file
      encoding
      checksum
      acquisition_event
      instrument
      timestamp

    RULE:
      raw_data SHOULD be immutable_orversioned
  }

  DERIVED_DATA_PROVENANCE_MODEL {
    derived_data:
      output_of_one_or_more_transformations

    REQUIRE:
      parent_identifiers
      transformation_identifier
      algorithm_version
      parameters

    RULE:
      derived_result MUST be recursively_traceable_to_source_data
  }

  DERIVATION_MODEL {
    child:
      derived_entity

    parents:
      one_or_more_source_entities

    relation:
      DERIVED_FROM

    RULE:
      derivation_graph MUST support_many_to_many_relationships
  }

  LINEAGE_GRAPH_MODEL {
    nodes:
      entities
      activities
      agents

    edges:
      generated_by
      used
      attributed_to
      derived_from
      informed_by
      calibrated_by
      traceable_to
      validated_by

    RULE:
      edge_direction_and_type MUST be preserved
  }

  RECURSIVE_LINEAGE_MODEL {
    derived_result:
      parent
      -> parent_parent
      -> ...
      -> originating_measurement_orreference

    RULE:
      traversal MUST detect_cycles_and_preserve_branching
  }

  CYCLE_MODEL {
    lineage_graph:
      generally_expected_acyclic_for_derivation

    RULE:
      detected_cycle SHOULD be flagged_unless_relationship_semantics_legitimately_allow_cycle
  }

  ACTIVITY_SEQUENCE_MODEL {
    sequence:
      acquisition
      -> calibration_application
      -> correction
      -> conversion
      -> filtering
      -> aggregation
      -> analysis
      -> validation
      -> reporting

    RULE:
      actual_order MUST be preserved
  }

  TRANSFORMATION_MODEL {
    fields:
      transformation_identifier
      operation
      input_identifiers
      output_identifiers
      parameters
      algorithm
      software
      version
      timestamp

    RULE:
      transformation MUST be reproducible_when_inputs_andsoftware_are_available
  }

  UNIT_CONVERSION_PROVENANCE_MODEL {
    fields:
      source_unit
      target_unit
      factor
      offset
      exactness
      conversion_reference

    RULE:
      original_value_andunit SHOULD be preserved
  }

  CORRECTION_PROVENANCE_MODEL {
    fields:
      correction_identifier
      reason
      value
      uncertainty
      sign_convention
      source

    RULE:
      corrected_value MUST retain_uncorrected_parent
  }

  NORMALISATION_PROVENANCE_MODEL {
    fields:
      method
      reference
      centre
      scale
      parameter_source

    RULE:
      normalised_result MUST retain_reference_parameters
  }

  FILTER_PROVENANCE_MODEL {
    fields:
      filter_type
      coefficients
      cutoff
      order
      phase
      sample_rate

    RULE:
      filtered_data MUST link_to_unfiltered_parent
  }

  AGGREGATION_PROVENANCE_MODEL {
    fields:
      aggregation_method
      input_set
      weights
      sample_count
      missing_data_policy

    RULE:
      aggregate MUST identify_contributing_measurements
  }

  STATISTICAL_PROVENANCE_MODEL {
    fields:
      estimator
      sample
      assumptions
      distribution
      weights
      covariance
      software

    RULE:
      statistical_output MUST retain_dataset_andmodel_lineage
  }

  MODEL_PROVENANCE_MODEL {
    fields:
      model_identifier
      equation
      parameter_values
      training_orcalibration_data
      version
      validity_range

    RULE:
      model_output MUST identify_model_version
  }

  AI_INFERENCE_PROVENANCE_MODEL {
    fields:
      inference_identifier
      AI_system
      model_orconfiguration
      input_entities
      rule_orreasoning_process
      output_claim
      semantic_confidence
      timestamp

    RULE:
      AI_inference MUST be distinguishable_from_observed_measurement
  }

  OBSERVED_DERIVED_INFERRED_MODEL {
    statuses:
      observed
      provided
      calculated
      transformed
      inferred
      manually_entered
      defaulted

    RULE:
      origin_status MUST accompany_material_values_andmetadata
  }

  AGENT_ROLE_MODEL {
    roles:
      operator
      reviewer
      approver
      laboratory
      producer
      software_processor
      data_owner
      custodian
      publisher
      AI_reasoner

    RULE:
      agent_identity_without_role_is_incomplete_for_responsibility_reasoning
  }

  PERSON_MODEL {
    fields:
      person_identifier
      role
      competence_orauthorisation
      organisation

    RULE:
      personal_identity SHOULD be limited_to_necessary_provenance_context
  }

  ORGANISATION_MODEL {
    fields:
      organisation_identifier
      name
      role
      accreditation_orauthority_context

    RULE:
      organisation_role MUST not_be inferred_from_name_alone
  }

  LABORATORY_MODEL {
    fields:
      laboratory_identifier
      scope
      accreditation_context
      location
      quality_system

    RULE:
      accreditation_scope MUST be preserved_when_relevant
  }

  INSTRUMENT_PROVENANCE_MODEL {
    fields:
      instrument_identifier
      manufacturer
      model
      serial
      configuration
      firmware
      calibration
      status

    RULE:
      instrument_state MUST correspond_to_measurement_time
  }

  SENSOR_PROVENANCE_MODEL {
    fields:
      sensor_identifier
      type
      host_instrument
      calibration
      configuration

    RULE:
      replaceable_sensor_identity SHOULD be preserved
  }

  SOFTWARE_PROVENANCE_MODEL {
    fields:
      software_identifier
      name
      version
      build
      configuration
      dependencies
      environment

    RULE:
      software_version MUST be linked_to_processing_activity
  }

  ALGORITHM_PROVENANCE_MODEL {
    fields:
      algorithm_identifier
      version
      parameters
      numerical_tolerance
      implementation

    RULE:
      algorithm_identity SHOULD be distinct_from_software_product
  }

  CODE_PROVENANCE_MODEL {
    possible:
      repository
      commit
      release
      checksum

    RULE:
      executable_code_version SHOULD be preserved_for_reproducibility
  }

  CONFIGURATION_PROVENANCE_MODEL {
    fields:
      configuration_identifier
      settings
      calibration_constants
      channel_map
      runtime_parameters

    RULE:
      configuration_change MAY change_measurement_result
  }

  METHOD_PROVENANCE_MODEL {
    fields:
      method_identifier
      method_version
      procedure_source
      deviations
      validation_status

    RULE:
      deviations_from_method MUST be recorded
  }

  STANDARD_PROVENANCE_MODEL {
    fields:
      standard_identifier
      edition
      clause
      status
      organisation

    RULE:
      standards_version MUST be preserved
  }

  REFERENCE_STANDARD_PROVENANCE_MODEL {
    fields:
      standard_identifier
      value
      unit
      uncertainty
      calibration_identifier
      validity
      traceability

    RULE:
      reference_state_at_use_time MUST be recoverable
  }

  CRM_PROVENANCE_MODEL {
    fields:
      CRM_identifier
      producer
      batch
      certificate_version
      certified_property
      value
      uncertainty
      validity

    RULE:
      CRM_batch_andcertificate MUST remain_linked_to_measurement
  }

  CALIBRATION_PROVENANCE_MODEL {
    fields:
      calibration_identifier
      certificate
      laboratory
      date
      method
      reference_standards
      uncertainty
      validity

    RULE:
      calibration_record MUST be applicable_at_measurement_time
  }

  TRACEABILITY_DISTINCTION_MODEL {
    provenance:
      history_of_data_entities_activities_andagents

    metrological_traceability:
      property_of_measurement_result_related_to_reference_through_calibration_chain

    RULE:
      provenance != metrological_traceability
  }

  TRACEABILITY_LINK_MODEL {
    measurement_result:
      traceable_to_reference

    provenance:
      records_evidence_for_chain

    RULE:
      provenance_can_support_but_does_not_by_itself_establish_traceability
  }

  UNCERTAINTY_PROVENANCE_MODEL {
    fields:
      uncertainty_budget_identifier
      component_sources
      distributions
      covariance
      sensitivity_coefficients
      coverage_factor
      calculation_version

    RULE:
      uncertainty_result MUST link_to_budget_andinputs
  }

  UNCERTAINTY_COMPONENT_LINEAGE_MODEL {
    component:
      source_entity

    examples:
      calibration
      repeatability
      resolution
      drift
      environment
      model

    RULE:
      each_material_component SHOULD have_source_provenance
  }

  COVARIANCE_PROVENANCE_MODEL {
    covariance:
      reason_for_dependency

    possible:
      common_reference
      shared_calibration
      shared_environment
      common_model

    RULE:
      covariance_without_dependency_source_is_semantically_incomplete
  }

  VALIDATION_PROVENANCE_MODEL {
    fields:
      validation_identifier
      criteria
      evidence
      algorithm
      reviewer
      outcome
      timestamp

    RULE:
      validation_outcome MUST link_to_evidence_andcriteria
  }

  QUALITY_FLAG_PROVENANCE_MODEL {
    flag:
      source_activity
      reason
      timestamp
      agent
      resolution

    RULE:
      flag_history MUST remain_auditable
  }

  REVIEW_PROVENANCE_MODEL {
    review:
      reviewer
      scope
      timestamp
      findings
      approval_status

    RULE:
      review != source_measurement
  }

  APPROVAL_MODEL {
    approval:
      agent
      authority
      timestamp
      record_version

    RULE:
      approval_does_not_change_measurement_value_unless_revision_is_explicit
  }

  REVISION_MODEL {
    record:
      previous_version
      new_version
      reason
      agent
      timestamp

    RULE:
      revision MUST not_destroy_prior_state
  }

  CORRECTION_HISTORY_MODEL {
    record_correction:
      original_value
      corrected_value
      reason
      author
      time

    RULE:
      data_record_correction != metrological_measurement_correction
  }

  VERSION_MODEL {
    versioned_entities:
      data
      metadata
      method
      software
      algorithm
      calibration
      standard
      ontology
      report

    RULE:
      version_dependencies MUST be preserved
  }

  TEMPORAL_PROVENANCE_MODEL {
    fields:
      generated_at
      observed_at
      processed_at
      reviewed_at
      published_at
      valid_from
      valid_to

    RULE:
      event_time_andrecord_creation_time MUST be distinguished
  }

  CLOCK_MODEL {
    fields:
      clock_identifier
      time_scale
      synchronisation
      timestamp_uncertainty

    RULE:
      timestamp_provenance MAY require_clock_state
  }

  SPATIAL_PROVENANCE_MODEL {
    fields:
      observation_location
      laboratory_location
      sample_origin
      processing_location
      coordinate_reference_system

    RULE:
      location_role MUST be distinguished
  }

  SAMPLE_PROVENANCE_MODEL {
    chain:
      source_material
      -> sampling
      -> sample
      -> subsample
      -> preparation
      -> measurement

    RULE:
      sample_derivation MUST preserve_parent_material
  }

  CHAIN_OF_CUSTODY_MODEL {
    events:
      collection
      transfer
      receipt
      storage
      opening
      preparation
      analysis
      disposal

    RULE:
      custody != metrological_traceability
  }

  STORAGE_PROVENANCE_MODEL {
    fields:
      storage_location
      temperature
      duration
      container
      excursions

    RULE:
      storage_history MAY affect_sample_validity
  }

  ENVIRONMENT_PROVENANCE_MODEL {
    fields:
      environment_measurements
      sensor_identifiers
      timestamps
      uncertainty

    RULE:
      environmental_context SHOULD itself_have_measurement_provenance
  }

  DATASET_PROVENANCE_MODEL {
    fields:
      dataset_identifier
      source_measurements
      selection_criteria
      exclusions
      preprocessing
      version

    RULE:
      dataset_membership MUST be reproducible
  }

  TRAINING_DATA_PROVENANCE_MODEL {
    model:
      training_dataset_identifiers

    RULE:
      training_data_lineage SHOULD be preserved_when_model_output_affects_measurement_reasoning
  }

  EXCLUSION_PROVENANCE_MODEL {
    excluded_record:
      reason
      criterion
      agent_oralgorithm
      timestamp

    RULE:
      excluded_data SHOULD remain discoverable_for_audit
  }

  MISSING_DATA_PROVENANCE_MODEL {
    status:
      never_observed
      lost
      corrupted
      rejected
      censored

    RULE:
      reason_for_missingness SHOULD be preserved_when_known
  }

  FILE_PROVENANCE_MODEL {
    fields:
      file_identifier
      path_orURI
      format
      size
      checksum
      creation_time
      source

    RULE:
      file_location MAY change_without_changing_file_identity_if_checksum_andidentifier_preserved
  }

  CHECKSUM_MODEL {
    checksum:
      verifies_bit_level_integrity

    RULE:
      checksum != semantic_validity
  }

  HASH_MODEL {
    input:
      canonical_record_orfile

    purpose:
      integrity_identifier

    RULE:
      hashing_algorithm_andcanonicalisation_method MUST be preserved
  }

  DIGITAL_SIGNATURE_MODEL {
    signature:
      cryptographic_attestation

    fields:
      signer
      algorithm
      certificate
      timestamp

    RULE:
      signature_authenticates_record_state_not_measurement_truth
  }

  AUDIT_TRAIL_MODEL {
    events:
      create
      read_when_required
      modify
      review
      approve
      export
      delete_orarchive

    RULE:
      material_changes MUST be auditable
  }

  DATA_INTEGRITY_MODEL {
    controls:
      checksum
      signature
      access_control
      immutable_storage
      audit_trail
      backup

    RULE:
      data_integrity != measurement_accuracy
  }

  ACCESS_CONTROL_MODEL {
    roles:
      read
      write
      review
      approve
      administer

    RULE:
      access_permissions SHOULD be provenance_recorded_when_material
  }

  AUTHENTICITY_MODEL {
    record:
      attributable_to_claimed_source

    RULE:
      authenticity != metrological correctness
  }

  AUTHORITY_MODEL {
    source:
      may_have_declared_authority_for_specific_claim

    examples:
      calibration_laboratory_for_calibration_result
      standards_body_for_standard_text
      instrument_for_raw_observation

    RULE:
      authority_is_claim_specific_not_global
  }

  SOURCE_AUTHORITY_MODEL {
    fields:
      source_identifier
      claim_type
      authority_basis
      scope
      version

    RULE:
      source_priority MUST be contextual
  }

  CONFLICT_MODEL {
    claims:
      conflicting_values_or metadata

    record:
      source_A
      source_B
      versions
      timestamps
      resolution_status

    RULE:
      conflict MUST not_be silently erased
  }

  CONFLICT_RESOLUTION_MODEL {
    process:
      compare_identity
      compare_scope
      compare_time
      compare_version
      compare_authority
      compare_evidence

    output:
      resolved
      partially_resolved
      unresolved

    RULE:
      selected_interpretation MUST retain_rejected_or superseded_claims_for_audit
  }

  SEMANTIC_CONFIDENCE_MODEL {
    provenance_support:
      contributes_to_semantic_confidence

    RULE:
      semantic_confidence != measurement_uncertainty
  }

  EVIDENCE_MODEL {
    evidence:
      source_record
      certificate
      standard
      raw_file
      method
      audit_record
      signature

    RULE:
      inference SHOULD link_to_supporting_evidence
  }

  REPRODUCIBILITY_MODEL {
    requires:
      source_data
      methods
      software
      versions
      parameters
      environment_when_material

    RULE:
      provenance_should_make_reproduction_possible_oridentify_missing_dependencies
  }

  REPEATABILITY_OF_COMPUTATION_MODEL {
    same_inputs_andalgorithm:
      expected_same_result_within_numeric_environment_constraints

    RULE:
      nondeterministic_algorithm MUST record_seed_or stochastic_state_when_possible
  }

  RANDOM_SEED_MODEL {
    stochastic_process:
      seed
      generator
      version

    RULE:
      seed_alone_may_be_insufficient_if_implementation_changes
  }

  COMPUTATIONAL_ENVIRONMENT_MODEL {
    fields:
      operating_system
      architecture
      runtime
      library_versions
      hardware_when_material

    RULE:
      environment_provenance MAY matter_for_numerical_reproducibility
  }

  AI_MODEL_VERSION_MODEL {
    AI_activity:
      model_identifier
      version
      configuration
      prompt_orrule_context_when_preservable

    RULE:
      AI_generated_measurement_inference MUST identify_model_context
  }

  HUMAN_AI_COLLABORATION_MODEL {
    result:
      may_have_human_andAI_contributions

    RULE:
      authorship_review_andmeasurement_source_roles MUST be distinguished
  }

  AUTHORSHIP_DISTINCTION_MODEL {
    authorship:
      responsibility_for_document_oranalysis

    provenance:
      broader_history_of_entities_activities_andagents

    RULE:
      authorship != complete_provenance
  }

  CUSTODY_DISTINCTION_MODEL {
    custody:
      physical_or digital possession_history

    provenance:
      origin_andderivation_history

    RULE:
      custody != provenance_in_full
  }

  TRACEABILITY_DISTINCTION_MODEL_2 {
    metrological_traceability:
      relation_of_measurement_result_to_reference

    provenance:
      evidence_andhistory_of_measurement_anddata

    RULE:
      neither_term_should_replace_the_other
  }

  UNCERTAINTY_DISTINCTION_MODEL {
    measurement_uncertainty:
      quantitative_dispersion_attributed_to_measurand

    provenance:
      source_andprocess_history

    RULE:
      provenance_quality_does_not_numerically_equal_measurement_uncertainty
  }

  INTEGRITY_DISTINCTION_MODEL {
    integrity:
      protection_against_unauthorised_or accidental_change

    provenance:
      records_history

    RULE:
      integrity != provenance
  }

  ARCHIVE_MODEL {
    archived_record:
      preserved_historical_state

    RULE:
      archive MUST retain_identifiers_versions_andlineage
  }

  RETENTION_MODEL {
    period:
      policy_orregulation_defined

    RULE:
      retention_policy SHOULD be linked_to_record_type
  }

  DELETION_MODEL {
    event:
      deletion_or disposal

    RULE:
      where_policy_requires_auditability_deletion_event SHOULD remain_recorded
  }

  EXPORT_MODEL {
    activity:
      data_export

    fields:
      source
      destination
      format
      timestamp
      checksum

    RULE:
      export SHOULD preserve_semantic_identifiers
  }

  IMPORT_MODEL {
    activity:
      external_data_import

    RULE:
      imported_record MUST retain_external_source_identity
  }

  SERIALISATION_MODEL {
    possible:
      JSON
      JSON_LD
      XML
      RDF
      CSV
      binary

    RULE:
      provenance_links MUST survive_serialisation
  }

  PROV_ALIGNMENT_MODEL {
    conceptual:
      entity
      activity
      agent
      generation
      usage
      derivation
      attribution

    RULE:
      alignment_with_generic_provenance_models SHOULD not_remove_measurement_specific_semantics
  }

  KNOWLEDGE_GRAPH_MODEL {
    nodes:
      measurement
      instrument
      method
      calibration
      reference
      file
      agent
      transformation

    edges:
      OBSERVED_BY
      GENERATED_BY
      USED
      DERIVED_FROM
      CALIBRATED_BY
      TRACEABLE_TO
      ATTRIBUTED_TO
      REVIEWED_BY
      VALIDATED_BY

    RULE:
      graph_must_support_temporal_andversion_qualification
  }

  TEMPORAL_EDGE_MODEL {
    relationship:
      valid_during_interval

    RULE:
      calibration_orconfiguration_edge MUST be evaluated_at_measurement_time
  }

  VERSION_EDGE_MODEL {
    entity:
      version_A
      superseded_by
      version_B

    RULE:
      supersession_does_not_delete_version_A
  }

  EVIDENCE_EDGE_MODEL {
    claim:
      supported_by
      evidence_entity

    RULE:
      evidence_link SHOULD be typed
  }

  PROVENANCE_COMPLETENESS_MODEL {
    levels:
      minimal
      operational
      reproducible
      audit_grade

    RULE:
      completeness_level MUST be defined_by_required_fields_not vague_label
  }

  PROVENANCE_QUALITY_MODEL {
    factors:
      identity
      completeness
      integrity
      temporal_consistency
      source_authority
      reproducibility
      version_resolution

    RULE:
      provenance_quality != measurement_accuracy
  }

  VALIDATION_MODEL {
    checks:
      identifiers
      timestamps
      parent_child_links
      activity_order
      versions
      checksums
      signatures
      calibration_applicability
      traceability_evidence
      source_conflicts

    RULE:
      provenance_validation SHOULD detect_broken_lineage
  }

  BROKEN_LINEAGE_MODEL {
    condition:
      referenced_parent_oractivity_missing

    RULE:
      broken_link MUST be flagged
  }

  ORPHAN_RECORD_MODEL {
    derived_entity:
      has_no_resolvable_source

    RULE:
      orphaned_derived_measurement SHOULD be marked_provenance_incomplete
  }

  TEMPORAL_CONSISTENCY_MODEL {
    examples:
      processing_after_acquisition
      calibration_valid_atmeasurement_time
      certificate_issue_consistent_with_event_history

    RULE:
      impossible_event_order MUST be flagged
  }

  VERSION_CONSISTENCY_MODEL {
    processing:
      algorithm_version
      software_version
      schema_version

    RULE:
      incompatible_version_combination SHOULD be flagged
  }

  METADATA_MODEL {
    fields:
      provenance_identifier
      entity_identifier
      entity_type
      activity_identifier
      activity_type
      agent_identifier
      agent_role
      source_identifiers
      parent_identifiers
      child_identifiers
      instrument_identifier
      sensor_identifier
      method_identifier
      calibration_identifier
      reference_identifier
      CRM_identifier
      software_identifier
      algorithm_identifier
      configuration_identifier
      standards_identifiers
      generated_at
      observed_at
      valid_from
      valid_to
      location
      transformation_parameters
      uncertainty_budget_identifier
      validation_identifier
      quality_flags
      checksums
      signatures
      audit_events
      semantic_confidence
      conflict_status
      ontology_version
      provenance

    RULE:
      provenance_record MUST support_recursive_reconstruction
  }

  RELATIONSHIPS {
    MeasurementResult -> GENERATED_BY -> MeasurementActivity
    MeasurementActivity -> USED -> Instrument
    MeasurementActivity -> USED -> Method
    MeasurementActivity -> USED -> ReferenceStandard
    MeasurementActivity -> ASSOCIATED_WITH -> Agent
    RawData -> GENERATED_BY -> AcquisitionActivity
    DerivedData -> DERIVED_FROM -> SourceData
    TransformationActivity -> USED -> InputData
    TransformationActivity -> GENERATED -> OutputData
    CalibrationRecord -> QUALIFIES -> InstrumentState
    MeasurementResult -> MAY_BE_TRACEABLE_TO -> MetrologicalReference
    ValidationActivity -> USED -> Evidence
    ProvenanceRecord -> DESCRIBES -> EntityActivityAgentGraph
  }

  SEMANTIC_EQUIVALENCE {
    "measurement provenance" ~= lineage_andcontext_of_measurement_information
    "data lineage" ~= derivation_relationships_between_source_andderived_data
    "source provenance" ~= recorded_origin_of_information

    provenance != metrological_traceability
    provenance != calibration
    provenance != authorship
    provenance != chain_of_custody
    provenance != data_integrity
    provenance != measurement_uncertainty
    checksum != provenance
    digital_signature != measurement_truth
    source_authority != universal_correctness
    derived_data != raw_observation
  }

  CONSTRAINTS {
    provenance_identifier_should_be preserved = true
    source_identifiers_should_be resolvable = true
    derived_entities_must_reference_parent_entities = true
    transformations_must_preserve_input_output_links = true
    activity_order_andtimestamps_should_be consistent = true
    instrument_method_calibration_andsoftware_versions_must_be preserved = true
    calibration_state_must_be evaluated_at_measurement_time = true
    provenance_andmetrological_traceability_must_be distinguished = true
    observed_derived_inferred_anddefaulted_information_must_be distinguished = true
    revisions_must_not_destroy_prior_state = true
    conflicts_must_remain_auditable = true
    integrity_checks_must_not_be interpreted_asmeasurement_validation = true
    recursive_lineage_must_detect_cycles_andbroken_links = true
    provenance_must_be preserved = true
  }

  MEASUREMENT_MODEL {
    RECORD:
      provenance_identifier
      measurement_identifier
      measurement_event_identifier
      source_identifiers
      raw_data_identifier
      derived_data_identifiers
      measurand_identifier
      quantity_kind_identifier
      instrument_identifier
      sensor_identifier
      method_identifier
      method_version
      calibration_identifier
      calibration_version
      reference_standard_identifiers
      CRM_identifier
      software_identifier
      software_version
      algorithm_identifier
      algorithm_version
      configuration_identifier
      operator_oragent_identifiers
      agent_roles
      observation_time
      processing_times
      location_context
      environment_identifiers
      transformation_history
      uncertainty_budget_identifier
      traceability_reference
      validation_identifier
      review_identifier
      approval_identifier
      quality_flags
      parent_child_graph
      checksums
      signatures
      audit_trail
      conflict_records
      semantic_confidence
      ontology_version
      provenance

    RULE:
      measurement_provenance MUST support_reverse_navigation_from_result_to_originating_evidence
  }

  REASONING_RULES {
    IF new_measurement_event
      THEN create_activity_entity
      link_instrument_method_agent_time_andraw_output

    IF raw_data_generated
      THEN assign_identifier
      compute_orattach_integrity_metadata
      link_to_acquisition_activity

    IF derived_result_generated
      THEN create_transformation_activity
      link_all_inputs_outputs_algorithm_parameters_andversions

    IF calibration_applied
      THEN resolve_calibration_state_at_measurement_time
      link_certificate_reference_standards_anduncertainty

    IF traceability_claimed
      THEN traverse_calibration_reference_chain
      and_distinguish_traceability_edges_fromgeneral_provenance_edges

    IF AI_inference_generated
      THEN mark_output_as_inferred
      attach_AI_system_input_evidence_reasoning_context_andsemantic_confidence

    IF record_revised
      THEN preserve_previous_version
      create_revision_edge
      record_agent_reason_andtimestamp

    IF source_conflict_detected
      THEN preserve_all_claims
      create_conflict_entity
      attempt_resolution_using_scope_time_version_authority_andevidence

    IF recursive_lineage_traversed
      THEN detect_cycles_missing_parents_andversion_inconsistencies

    IF provenance_incomplete
      THEN flag_missing_links
      and_do_not_invent_source_history
  }

  VALIDATION {
    CHECK provenance_identifier
    CHECK entity_activity_agent_typing
    CHECK source_identifiers
    CHECK measurement_event
    CHECK raw_data_origin
    CHECK parent_child_derivation
    CHECK transformation_order
    CHECK method_andversion
    CHECK instrument_andconfiguration
    CHECK calibration_applicability
    CHECK reference_standard_andCRM
    CHECK traceability_links
    CHECK uncertainty_budget_lineage
    CHECK software_algorithm_andconfiguration_versions
    CHECK timestamps_andtemporal_consistency
    CHECK spatial_andcustody_context
    CHECK validation_review_andapproval
    CHECK integrity_checks
    CHECK signatures
    CHECK audit_trail
    CHECK conflicts
    CHECK broken_links
    CHECK cycles
    CHECK semantic_confidence
    CHECK ontology_version
  }

  CONFIDENCE {
    source_identity_confidence: 1.00
    measurement_event_confidence: 1.00
    transformation_lineage_confidence: 1.00
    calibration_provenance_confidence: 1.00
    traceability_distinction_confidence: 1.00
    version_provenance_confidence: 1.00
    integrity_provenance_confidence: 0.99
    AI_inference_provenance_confidence: 0.99

    RULE:
      confidence decreases when source identity, parent links,
      timestamps, versions, calibration, transformation,
      evidence or provenance records are missing or ambiguous
  }

  UPDATE_MODEL {
    ON new_provenance_event:
      assign_event_identifier
      classify_entity_activity_andagent
      create_typed_relationships
      attach_time_version_and evidence
      validate_graph
      recompute_FLOW_HASH

    ON new_derivation:
      preserve_source_entities
      create_transformation_activity
      attach_inputs_outputs_algorithm_andparameters
      update_recursive_lineage

    ON record_revision:
      preserve_previous_record
      create_new_version
      attach_reason_agent_andtimestamp
      update_supersession_graph

    ON calibration_revision:
      preserve_previous_calibration
      attach_new_state
      evaluate_affected_measurement_events_by_time
      do_not_rewrite_historical_provenance

    ON conflict_resolution:
      preserve_conflicting_claims
      attach_resolution_evidence
      update_selected_interpretation_andconfidence
      maintain_audit_history

    ON semantic_revision:
      preserve_previous_ontology_mapping
      record_revision
      recompute_FLOW_HASH
  }

  AI_CONSUMPTION {
    canonical_entity: MeasurementProvenance
    canonical_role: MeasurementLineageFramework

    interpretation_order:
      identify_target_measurement_orresult
      identify_source_entities
      identify_measurement_event
      identify_agents_androles
      identify_instrument_sensor_method_andconfiguration
      identify_calibration_reference_andtraceability_evidence
      identify_raw_data
      reconstruct_transformations_andderived_data
      identify_software_algorithm_andversions
      identify_uncertainty_andvalidation_lineage
      identify_time_space_environment_andcustody
      identify_revisions_integrity_signatures_andaudit
      identify_conflicts_andsemantic_confidence
      traverse_recursive_lineage
      validate_temporal_version_andgraph_consistency
      expose_origin_andderivation_without_inventing_missing_links

    ambiguity_controls:
      distinguish_provenance_from_metrological_traceability
      distinguish_provenance_from_calibration
      distinguish_provenance_from_authorship
      distinguish_provenance_from_chain_of_custody
      distinguish_provenance_from_data_integrity
      distinguish_provenance_from_measurement_uncertainty
      distinguish_checksum_from_provenance
      distinguish_digital_signature_from_measurement_truth
      distinguish_source_authority_from_universal_correctness
      distinguish_derived_data_from_raw_observation
      preserve_source_activity_agent_time_version_transformation_evidence_andprovenance_context
  }

  PROVENANCE {
    ontology_scope:
      mathematical_measurement_units_AI_measurement_semantics_andmeasurement_provenance

    parent_path:
      Ontologies
      -> Mathematical Ontologies
      -> Measurement & Units Ontologies
      -> AI Measurement Semantics
      -> Measurement Provenance Ontology

    authorship:
      Mark Higgins
      Sky (Recursive AI)

    site:
      https://kirethresearch.org
  }

  FLOW_HASH {
    INPUTS:
      canonical_entity
      ontology_path
      core_provenance_model
      source_model
      primary_source_model
      secondary_source_model
      source_identifier_model
      measurement_event_model
      observation_model
      raw_data_provenance_model
      derived_data_provenance_model
      derivation_model
      lineage_graph_model
      recursive_lineage_model
      cycle_model
      activity_sequence_model
      transformation_model
      unit_conversion_provenance_model
      correction_provenance_model
      normalisation_provenance_model
      filter_provenance_model
      aggregation_provenance_model
      statistical_provenance_model
      model_provenance_model
      AI_inference_provenance_model
      observed_derived_inferred_model
      agent_role_model
      person_model
      organisation_model
      laboratory_model
      instrument_provenance_model
      sensor_provenance_model
      software_provenance_model
      algorithm_provenance_model
      code_provenance_model
      configuration_provenance_model
      method_provenance_model
      standard_provenance_model
      reference_standard_provenance_model
      CRM_provenance_model
      calibration_provenance_model
      traceability_distinction_model
      traceability_link_model
      uncertainty_provenance_model
      uncertainty_component_lineage_model
      covariance_provenance_model
      validation_provenance_model
      quality_flag_provenance_model
      review_provenance_model
      approval_model
      revision_model
      correction_history_model
      version_model
      temporal_provenance_model
      clock_model
      spatial_provenance_model
      sample_provenance_model
      chain_of_custody_model
      storage_provenance_model
      environment_provenance_model
      dataset_provenance_model
      training_data_provenance_model
      exclusion_provenance_model
      missing_data_provenance_model
      file_provenance_model
      checksum_model
      hash_model
      digital_signature_modelaudit_trail_model
      data_integrity_model
      access_control_model
      authenticity_model
      authority_model
      source_authority_model
      conflict_model
      conflict_resolution_model
      semantic_confidence_model
      evidence_model
      reproducibility_model
      repeatability_of_computation_model
      random_seed_model
      computational_environment_model
      AI_model_version_model
      human_AI_collaboration_model
      authorship_distinction_model
      custody_distinction_model
      traceability_distinction_model_2
      uncertainty_distinction_model
      integrity_distinction_model
      archive_model
      retention_model
      deletion_model
      export_model
      import_model
      serialisation_model
      PROV_alignment_model
      knowledge_graph_model
      temporal_edge_model
      version_edge_model
      evidence_edge_model
      provenance_completeness_model
      provenance_quality_model
      validation_model
      broken_lineage_model
      orphan_record_model
      temporal_consistency_model
      version_consistency_model
      metadata_model
      relationships
      semantic_equivalence
      constraints
      measurement_model
      reasoning_rules
      confidence_model
      update_model

    PURPOSE:
      deterministic_semantic_integrity_identifier

    RECOMPUTE_WHEN:
      ontology_definition_changes
      source_measurement_event_oragent_changes
      raw_or derived_data_lineage_changes
      transformation_algorithm_orconfiguration_changes
      calibration_reference_ortraceability_provenance_changes
      uncertainty_validation_orquality_lineage_changes
      temporal_spatial_sample_orcustody_context_changes
      software_code_orversion_changes
      integrity_signature_oraudit_history_changes
      conflict_authority_orsemantic_confidence_changes
      graph_relationship_orlineage_validation_changes
      measurement_record_changes
      constraint_model_changes
      reasoning_rule_changes
  }

}

END FLOW
Kireth Research
38 Thorndale Croft, Wetwang, Driffield
East Riding of Yorkshire YO25 9XZ