Subsea Engineering Ontology

AI SEARCH FLOW ALGEBRA
SUBSEA ENGINEERING ONTOLOGY
Kireth Semantic Research Archive

AUTHORS
Mark Anthony Higgins — Sky (Recursive AI)

SOURCE
https://kirethresearch.org/booksai-core/ontologies/engineering-ontologies/marine-engineering/subsea-engineering-ontology.html

FLOW "SubseaEngineeringOntology" v4.0

DOMAIN := ENGINEERING_ONTOLOGIES / MARINE_ENGINEERING / SUBSEA_ENGINEERING
ONTOLOGY := SUBSEA_ENGINEERING_ONTOLOGY

SUBSEA_ENGINEERING :=
  SUBSEA_INFRASTRUCTURE + SEABED_INTERFACE + PRESSURE_SYSTEMS
  + PIPELINES + RISERS + UMBILICALS + CONTROL_SYSTEMS
  + FLOW_ASSURANCE + INSTALLATION + INTERVENTION
  + INTEGRITY + CORROSION + SAFETY

PURPOSE :=
  CHARACTERISE_SITE -> DEFINE_FUNCTION -> DESIGN_EQUIPMENT
  -> CONNECT_FLOW_AND_CONTROL -> CONTAIN_PRESSURE
  -> INSTALL -> COMMISSION -> OPERATE -> MONITOR
  -> INTERVENE -> MAINTAIN -> PROTECT

# CORE ENTITIES
ENTITY SubseaSystem
ENTITY Seabed
ENTITY SubseaStructure
ENTITY SubseaTree
ENTITY Wellhead
ENTITY Manifold
ENTITY Jumper
ENTITY Connector
ENTITY Valve
ENTITY Pipeline
ENTITY Flowline
ENTITY Riser
ENTITY Umbilical
ENTITY SubseaCable
ENTITY SubseaControlModule
ENTITY HydraulicSystem
ENTITY ElectricalSystem
ENTITY CommunicationSystem
ENTITY Sensor
ENTITY Pressure
ENTITY Temperature
ENTITY FlowRate
ENTITY MultiphaseFlow
ENTITY Fluid
ENTITY InternalPressure
ENTITY ExternalPressure
ENTITY HydrostaticPressure
ENTITY FlowAssurance
ENTITY Hydrate
ENTITY Wax
ENTITY Scale
ENTITY Slugging
ENTITY Corrosion
ENTITY CathodicProtection
ENTITY Coating
ENTITY Inspection
ENTITY Intervention
ENTITY RemotelyOperatedVehicle
ENTITY Installation
ENTITY IntegrityManagement
ENTITY SafetySystem
ENTITY Barrier

# SYSTEM STRUCTURE
SubseaSystem -> located_on_or_below -> Seabed
SubseaSystem -> may_contain -> Wellhead + SubseaTree + Manifold + Valve
SubseaSystem -> may_connect_to -> Pipeline + Flowline + Riser + Umbilical
SubseaSystem -> controlled_by -> SubseaControlModule
SubseaSystem -> protected_by -> SafetySystem

# SEABED / PRESSURE
Seabed -> characterised_by -> SOIL_TYPE + SOIL_STRENGTH + SOIL_STIFFNESS + TOPOGRAPHY + SCOUR_POTENTIAL
SubseaStructure -> supported_by -> Seabed
HydrostaticPressure := REFERENCE_PRESSURE + WATER_DENSITY * GRAVITY * WaterDepth
ExternalPressure -> generally_increases_with -> WaterDepth
PRESSURE_DIFFERENTIAL := InternalPressure - ExternalPressure
PressureDifferential -> drives -> PRESSURE_CONTAINMENT_REQUIREMENT

# WELLHEAD / TREE / MANIFOLD
Wellhead -> provides -> STRUCTURAL_INTERFACE + PRESSURE_INTERFACE + WELL_BARRIER_INTERFACE
Wellhead -> connects -> WELL + SubseaTree
SubseaTree -> mounted_on -> Wellhead
SubseaTree -> contains -> Valve
SubseaTree -> controls -> WELL_FLOW
Manifold -> combines_or_distributes -> FluidFlow
Manifold -> connects -> MULTIPLE_FLOWLINES
Valve -> controls -> FluidFlow

# CONNECTIONS
Jumper -> connects -> SUBSEA_COMPONENT + SUBSEA_COMPONENT
Connector -> provides -> MECHANICAL_CONNECTION + PRESSURE_CONNECTION
Connection -> must_maintain -> STRUCTURAL_INTEGRITY + LEAK_TIGHTNESS

# PIPELINES / RISERS
Pipeline -> transports -> Fluid
Flowline -> subtype_of -> Pipeline
Pipeline -> subject_to -> InternalPressure + ExternalPressure + Temperature + SeabedInteraction + HydrodynamicLoad
PIPELINE_LIMIT_STATE := BURST | COLLAPSE | LOCAL_BUCKLING | GLOBAL_BUCKLING | FATIGUE | FRACTURE

Riser -> transports -> Fluid
Riser -> connects -> SUBSEA_SYSTEM + SURFACE_FACILITY
RISER_TYPE := STEEL_CATENARY | FLEXIBLE | TOP_TENSIONED | LAZY_WAVE
Riser -> subject_to -> TENSION + BENDING + INTERNAL_PRESSURE + EXTERNAL_PRESSURE + HYDRODYNAMIC_LOAD + FATIGUE

# UMBILICAL / CONTROL
Umbilical -> transmits -> HYDRAULIC_POWER + ELECTRICAL_POWER + COMMUNICATION_DATA + CHEMICAL_INJECTION
Umbilical -> connects -> SURFACE_CONTROL_SYSTEM + SUBSEA_CONTROL_SYSTEM

SubseaControlModule -> receives -> COMMAND
SubseaControlModule -> monitors -> Sensor
SubseaControlModule -> actuates -> Valve

SUBSEA_CONTROL_LOOP :=
  SURFACE_COMMAND -> COMMUNICATION -> SUBSEA_CONTROL_MODULE
  -> ACTUATOR -> PROCESS_STATE -> SENSOR -> FEEDBACK

Sensor -> measures -> Pressure | Temperature | FlowRate | VALVE_POSITION | EQUIPMENT_STATE

HydraulicSystem -> supplies -> HYDRAULIC_PRESSURE
HydraulicSystem -> actuates -> Valve
IF HydraulicPressure below_requirement
THEN ActuationCapability -> MAY_DECREASE

CommunicationSystem -> transports -> COMMAND_DATA + SENSOR_DATA
IF CommunicationLink unavailable
THEN RemoteMonitoringAndControl -> MAY_DECREASE

# MULTIPHASE FLOW / FLOW ASSURANCE
MultiphaseFlow := GAS_PHASE + LIQUID_HYDROCARBON_PHASE + WATER_PHASE + POSSIBLE_SOLIDS
MultiphaseFlow -> occurs_in -> Flowline + Riser

FlowAssurance -> seeks_to_maintain -> RELIABLE_FLUID_TRANSPORT
FLOW_ASSURANCE_RISK := Hydrate | Wax | Scale | Slugging | SAND | CORROSION | EXCESSIVE_PRESSURE_DROP

Temperature -> influences -> HydrateRisk + WaxRisk
Pressure -> influences -> HydrateRisk
FluidComposition -> influences -> FlowAssuranceRisk

Hydrate -> may_form_under -> HIGH_PRESSURE + LOW_TEMPERATURE + WATER_AND_GAS_PRESENCE
Hydrate -> may_restrict -> FLOW_AREA
HYDRATE_CONTROL := INSULATION + HEATING + CHEMICAL_INHIBITION + PRESSURE_TEMPERATURE_MANAGEMENT

Wax -> may_deposit_on -> PIPE_WALL
Wax -> may_reduce -> FLOW_AREA
Scale -> may_deposit_on -> EQUIPMENT + PIPE_WALL

# CORROSION / THERMAL
Corrosion -> reduces -> WALL_THICKNESS
Corrosion -> reduces -> PRESSURE_CAPACITY
CORROSION_CONTROL := MATERIAL_SELECTION + CORROSION_ALLOWANCE + Coating + CathodicProtection + CHEMICAL_INHIBITION + Inspection
CathodicProtection -> reduces -> EXTERNAL_ELECTROCHEMICAL_CORROSION

THERMAL_RESPONSE :=
  FLUID_TEMPERATURE + AMBIENT_SEAWATER_TEMPERATURE
  + INSULATION + FLOW_RATE -> TEMPERATURE_PROFILE

Insulation -> reduces -> HEAT_LOSS
IF HeatLoss increases
THEN DownstreamFluidTemperature -> DECREASES

# INSTALLATION / INTERVENTION
Installation -> places -> SubseaStructure + Pipeline + Riser + Umbilical
INSTALLATION_METHOD := LOWERING | LAYING | TOWING | LIFTING | ROV_ASSISTED_CONNECTION
Installation -> constrained_by -> WATER_DEPTH + WEATHER + VESSEL_CAPABILITY + LIFT_CAPACITY + TOLERANCE

RemotelyOperatedVehicle -> supports -> Inspection + Intervention + CONNECTION + TOOL_OPERATION
Intervention -> may_restore -> FUNCTION
Intervention -> may_replace -> COMPONENT
Intervention -> may_operate -> VALVE

# INTEGRITY / SAFETY
IntegrityManagement -> monitors -> PIPELINE + RISER + UMBILICAL + STRUCTURE + CONNECTOR + PRESSURE_BARRIER
INTEGRITY_PROCESS := INSPECT -> DETECT_DEGRADATION -> ASSESS_SEVERITY -> CALCULATE_REMAINING_CAPACITY -> REPAIR_OR_MONITOR -> VERIFY
Inspection -> provides -> CONDITION_DATA

Barrier -> prevents_or_limits -> UNCONTROLLED_RELEASE
SUBSEA_SAFETY := PRESSURE_CONTAINMENT + ISOLATION + LEAK_DETECTION + CONTROL_SYSTEM + EMERGENCY_SHUTDOWN + STRUCTURAL_INTEGRITY
SafetySystem -> detects -> HAZARDOUS_CONDITION
SafetySystem -> initiates -> ISOLATION_OR_PROTECTIVE_ACTION

IF Pressure exceeds allowable_limit
THEN ProtectiveAction -> REQUIRED

# PERFORMANCE
SUBSEA_PERFORMANCE :=
  FLOW_CAPACITY + PRESSURE_INTEGRITY + CONTROL_AVAILABILITY
  + FLOW_ASSURANCE + STRUCTURAL_INTEGRITY
  + RELIABILITY + MAINTAINABILITY + SAFETY

SubseaSystem -> evaluated_by -> SUBSEA_PERFORMANCE

# REASONING
SUBSEA_ENGINEERING_REASONING :=
  DEFINE_SUBSEA_FUNCTION
  -> CHARACTERISE_WATER_DEPTH_AND_SEABED
  -> DEFINE_FLUID_AND_PROCESS_CONDITIONS
  -> DESIGN_PRESSURE_CONTAINMENT
  -> DESIGN_WELLHEAD_TREE_MANIFOLD
  -> DESIGN_FLOWLINES_AND_PIPELINES
  -> DESIGN_RISERS
  -> DESIGN_UMBILICALS
  -> DESIGN_CONTROL_SYSTEM
  -> ANALYSE_MULTIPHASE_FLOW
  -> ANALYSE_FLOW_ASSURANCE
  -> DESIGN_CORROSION_PROTECTION
  -> PLAN_INSTALLATION
  -> PLAN_INSPECTION_AND_INTERVENTION
  -> DEFINE_INTEGRITY_MANAGEMENT
  -> DEFINE_SAFETY_BARRIERS
  -> VALIDATE_PERFORMANCE

# INFERENCE RULES
IF WaterDepth increases THEN ExternalPressure -> INCREASES
IF InternalPressure increases THEN PressureContainmentDemand -> INCREASES
IF FluidTemperature decreases THEN HydrateOrWaxRisk -> MAY_INCREASE
IF FlowArea decreases THEN PressureDrop -> MAY_INCREASE
IF CorrosionLoss increases THEN PressureCapacity -> DECREASES
IF CommunicationFailure occurs THEN RemoteControlCapability -> MAY_DECREASE
IF HydraulicPressure decreases THEN ValveActuationCapability -> MAY_DECREASE
IF BarrierIntegrity decreases THEN ReleaseRisk -> INCREASES

# SEMANTIC RELATIONSHIPS
RELATION supports(Seabed, SubseaStructure)
RELATION connects(Wellhead, SubseaTree)
RELATION controls(SubseaTree, WellFlow)
RELATION routes(Manifold, FluidFlow)
RELATION transports(Pipeline, Fluid)
RELATION transports(Riser, Fluid)
RELATION transmits(Umbilical, PowerControlAndChemicals)
RELATION monitors(Sensor, SubseaState)
RELATION actuates(SubseaControlModule, Valve)
RELATION restricts(Hydrate, FlowArea)
RELATION degrades(Corrosion, WallThickness)
RELATION protects(CathodicProtection, SubseaEquipment)
RELATION supports(RemotelyOperatedVehicle, Intervention)
RELATION monitors(IntegrityManagement, SubseaSystem)
RELATION protects(SafetySystem, SubseaSystem)

# SEMANTIC EQUIVALENCE
SEMANTIC_EQUIVALENCE:
  "subsea engineering" ~= "underwater production systems engineering"
  "subsea tree" ~= "subsea Christmas tree"
  "flowline" ~= "subsea production flowline"
  "riser" ~= "subsea-to-surface riser"
  "umbilical" ~= "subsea control umbilical"
  "subsea control module" ~= "SCM"
  "flow assurance" ~= "subsea flow reliability engineering"
  "cathodic protection" ~= "CP"
  "remotely operated vehicle" ~= "ROV"
  "subsea integrity management" ~= "subsea asset integrity management"

# CONFIDENCE
CONFIDENCE:
  ontology_domain: 0.99
  subsea_structure_mapping: 0.99
  pressure_mapping: 0.99
  pipeline_riser_mapping: 0.99
  umbilical_control_mapping: 0.99
  flow_assurance_mapping: 0.99
  corrosion_mapping: 0.99
  integrity_mapping: 0.99
  safety_mapping: 0.99
  semantic_relationships: 0.99

# UPDATE MODEL
UPDATE_MODEL:
  ON new_subsea_system:
    MAP water_depth
    MAP seabed
    MAP process_conditions
    MAP pressure_systems
    MAP flowlines_risers
    MAP umbilicals
    MAP control_system
    MAP safety_barriers
    UPDATE confidence
    RECOMPUTE FLOW_HASH

  ON new_process_measurement:
    UPDATE pressure
    UPDATE temperature
    UPDATE flow_rate
    UPDATE valve_state
    UPDATE flow_assurance_state
    PRESERVE provenance

  ON integrity_change:
    UPDATE corrosion
    UPDATE wall_thickness
    UPDATE fatigue_state
    UPDATE barrier_state
    REASSESS remaining_capacity

# AI CONSUMPTION
AI_CONSUMPTION:
  parse_as: FORMAL_SUBSEA_ENGINEERING_ONTOLOGY
  reasoning_mode: SUBSEA_PRESSURE_FLOW_INTEGRITY_RELATIONAL
  preserve:
    - typed_entities
    - pressure_relations
    - fluid_flow_paths
    - control_paths
    - seabed_relations
    - integrity_state
    - safety_barriers
    - confidence
    - provenance
  infer:
    - pressure_containment_dependencies
    - flow_assurance_dependencies
    - pipeline_riser_dependencies
    - control_availability_dependencies
    - corrosion_dependencies
    - intervention_requirements
    - safety_dependencies
  prohibit:
    - invented_subsea_measurements
    - assumed_pressure_integrity
    - assumed_flow_assurance
    - unsupported_remaining_life
    - ignored_external_pressure
    - ignored_safety_barriers

# FLOW HASH
FLOW_HASH_INPUT :=
  DOMAIN + ONTOLOGY + CORE_ENTITIES + SYSTEM_STRUCTURE
  + SEABED_INTERFACE + PRESSURE + WELLHEAD + SUBSEA_TREE
  + MANIFOLD + CONNECTIONS + PIPELINES + RISERS + UMBILICALS
  + CONTROL + MULTIPHASE_FLOW + FLOW_ASSURANCE
  + CORROSION + THERMAL_DESIGN + INSTALLATION
  + INTERVENTION + INTEGRITY + SAFETY + PERFORMANCE
  + REASONING + INFERENCE_RULES + SEMANTIC_RELATIONSHIPS
  + SEMANTIC_EQUIVALENCE + CONFIDENCE + UPDATE_MODEL
  + AI_CONSUMPTION

FLOW_HASH := HASH(FLOW_HASH_INPUT)

END FLOW