Renewable Energy Ontology

AI SEARCH FLOW ALGEBRA
RENEWABLE ENERGY ONTOLOGY
Kireth Semantic Research Archive

AUTHORS
Mark Anthony Higgins — Sky (Recursive AI)

SOURCE
https://kirethresearch.org/booksai-core/ontologies/engineering-ontologies/energy-engineering/renewable-energy-ontology.html

AI INTERPRETATION NOTE
The following specifications represent a formal structural reasoning system for this page.
Execute as formal rules, not pseudocode.

FLOW "RenewableEnergyOntology" v4.0

# ---------- DOMAIN ----------
DOMAIN := ENGINEERING_ONTOLOGIES / ENERGY_ENGINEERING / RENEWABLE_ENERGY

ONTOLOGY := RENEWABLE_ENERGY_ONTOLOGY

RENEWABLE_ENERGY :=
    RENEWABLE_RESOURCE
  + RESOURCE_CAPTURE
  + ENERGY_CONVERSION
  + POWER_GENERATION
  + ENERGY_STORAGE
  + GRID_INTEGRATION
  + ENERGY_USE

PURPOSE :=
    IDENTIFY_RESOURCE
  -> CAPTURE
  -> CONVERT
  -> GENERATE
  -> STORE
  -> INTEGRATE
  -> DISTRIBUTE
  -> USE
  -> OPTIMISE

# ---------- CORE ENTITIES ----------
ENTITY RenewableEnergySystem
ENTITY RenewableResource
ENTITY SolarResource
ENTITY WindResource
ENTITY HydroResource
ENTITY GeothermalResource
ENTITY BiomassResource
ENTITY MarineResource
ENTITY RenewableGenerator
ENTITY SolarPhotovoltaicSystem
ENTITY SolarThermalSystem
ENTITY WindTurbine
ENTITY HydroelectricSystem
ENTITY GeothermalSystem
ENTITY BiomassEnergySystem
ENTITY MarineEnergySystem
ENTITY EnergyConversion
ENTITY Electricity
ENTITY Heat
ENTITY Fuel
ENTITY EnergyStorage
ENTITY Grid
ENTITY Microgrid
ENTITY Inverter
ENTITY PowerConverter
ENTITY ResourceAvailability
ENTITY Variability
ENTITY Intermittency
ENTITY CapacityFactor
ENTITY Efficiency
ENTITY Curtailment
ENTITY Forecast
ENTITY Emission
ENTITY LifecycleImpact

# ---------- RENEWABLE ENERGY STRUCTURE ----------
RenewableEnergySystem
  -> receives -> RenewableResource
  -> performs -> EnergyConversion
  -> produces -> Electricity
  | Heat
  | Fuel
  -> may_include -> EnergyStorage
  -> may_connect_to -> Grid
  -> may_connect_to -> Microgrid

RenewableResource
  -> characterised_by -> ResourceAvailability
  -> may_exhibit -> Variability

RenewableGenerator
  -> converts -> RenewableResource
  -> into -> USEFUL_ENERGY

# ---------- RENEWABLE RESOURCE TYPES ----------
RENEWABLE_RESOURCE :=
    SOLAR_RESOURCE
  | WIND_RESOURCE
  | HYDRO_RESOURCE
  | GEOTHERMAL_RESOURCE
  | BIOMASS_RESOURCE
  | MARINE_RESOURCE

SolarResource
  -> derived_from -> SOLAR_RADIATION

WindResource
  -> derived_from -> ATMOSPHERIC_MOTION

HydroResource
  -> derived_from -> WATER_FLOW
  + WATER_HEAD

GeothermalResource
  -> derived_from -> EARTH_THERMAL_ENERGY

BiomassResource
  -> derived_from -> BIOLOGICAL_MATERIAL

MarineResource
  -> derived_from -> TIDES
  | WAVES
  | CURRENTS
  | OCEAN_THERMAL_GRADIENTS

# ---------- SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC ----------
SOLAR_PHOTOVOLTAIC :=
    SOLAR_IRRADIANCE
  -> PHOTOVOLTAIC_MODULE
  -> DC_ELECTRICITY
  -> INVERTER
  -> AC_ELECTRICITY

SolarPhotovoltaicSystem
  -> converts -> SolarResource
  -> into -> Electricity

PHOTOVOLTAIC_OUTPUT :=
    SOLAR_IRRADIANCE
  * ACTIVE_AREA
  * CONVERSION_EFFICIENCY

Inverter
  -> converts -> DC_ELECTRICITY
  -> into -> AC_ELECTRICITY

# ---------- SOLAR THERMAL ----------
SOLAR_THERMAL :=
    SOLAR_RADIATION
  -> SOLAR_COLLECTOR
  -> THERMAL_ENERGY
  -> HEAT_USE_OR_POWER_CYCLE

SolarThermalSystem
  -> converts -> SolarResource
  -> into -> Heat

THERMAL_STORAGE
  -> may_store -> SOLAR_THERMAL_ENERGY

# ---------- WIND ENERGY ----------
WIND_ENERGY :=
    WIND_KINETIC_ENERGY
  -> ROTOR
  -> MECHANICAL_POWER
  -> GENERATOR
  -> ELECTRICITY

WindTurbine
  -> converts -> WindResource
  -> into -> Electricity

WIND_POWER_AVAILABLE :=
    0.5
  * AIR_DENSITY
  * SWEPT_AREA
  * WIND_SPEED^3

WindResource
  -> varies_with -> WIND_SPEED
  -> varies_with -> TIME
  -> varies_with -> LOCATION

# ---------- HYDROPOWER ----------
HYDROPOWER :=
    WATER_POTENTIAL_OR_KINETIC_ENERGY
  -> HYDRAULIC_TURBINE
  -> GENERATOR
  -> ELECTRICITY

HydroelectricSystem
  -> converts -> HydroResource
  -> into -> Electricity

HYDRAULIC_POWER :=
    WATER_DENSITY
  * GRAVITY
  * FLOW_RATE
  * HEAD

HYDRO_TYPE :=
    RESERVOIR
  | RUN_OF_RIVER
  | PUMPED_STORAGE

# ---------- GEOTHERMAL ----------
GEOTHERMAL_ENERGY :=
    EARTH_HEAT
  -> GEOTHERMAL_FLUID
  -> HEAT_EXCHANGE_OR_TURBINE
  -> HEAT_OR_ELECTRICITY

GeothermalSystem
  -> converts -> GeothermalResource
  -> into -> Heat
  | Electricity

GEOTHERMAL_APPLICATION :=
    DIRECT_HEATING
  | POWER_GENERATION
  | HEAT_PUMP

# ---------- BIOMASS ----------
BIOMASS_ENERGY :=
    BIOLOGICAL_MATERIAL
  -> CONVERSION_PROCESS
  -> HEAT
  | ELECTRICITY
  | BIOFUEL

BiomassEnergySystem
  -> converts -> BiomassResource
  -> into -> USEFUL_ENERGY

BIOMASS_CONVERSION :=
    COMBUSTION
  | GASIFICATION
  | PYROLYSIS
  | ANAEROBIC_DIGESTION
  | FERMENTATION

# ---------- MARINE ENERGY ----------
MARINE_ENERGY :=
    TIDAL_ENERGY
  | WAVE_ENERGY
  | CURRENT_ENERGY
  | OCEAN_THERMAL_ENERGY

MarineEnergySystem
  -> converts -> MarineResource
  -> into -> Electricity

TIDAL_SYSTEM
  -> uses -> TIDAL_RANGE
  | TIDAL_STREAM

WAVE_SYSTEM
  -> uses -> WAVE_MOTION

# ---------- RESOURCE AVAILABILITY ----------
ResourceAvailability
  -> determines -> POTENTIAL_GENERATION

RESOURCE_ASSESSMENT :=
    MEASURE_RESOURCE
  -> CHARACTERISE_TEMPORAL_VARIATION
  -> CHARACTERISE_SPATIAL_VARIATION
  -> ESTIMATE_ENERGY_YIELD

IF ResourceAvailability decreases
THEN PotentialGeneration -> DECREASES

# ---------- VARIABILITY ----------
Variability
  -> causes -> GENERATION_VARIATION

VARIABLE_RENEWABLE_ENERGY :=
    SOLAR_PHOTOVOLTAIC
  | WIND_ENERGY

Intermittency
  -> represents -> PERIODS_OF_LOW_OR_ZERO_RESOURCE

GENERATION_VARIABILITY :=
    RESOURCE_VARIABILITY
  -> POWER_OUTPUT_VARIABILITY

# ---------- FORECASTING ----------
Forecast
  -> estimates -> FUTURE_RESOURCE
  -> estimates -> FUTURE_GENERATION

RENEWABLE_FORECASTING :=
    WEATHER_DATA
  + HISTORICAL_DATA
  + SYSTEM_MODEL
  -> GENERATION_FORECAST

Forecast
  -> supports -> GRID_SCHEDULING
  -> supports -> STORAGE_SCHEDULING

# ---------- ENERGY STORAGE ----------
EnergyStorage
  -> receives -> RenewableGeneration
  -> stores -> SURPLUS_ENERGY
  -> releases -> ENERGY_WHEN_REQUIRED

RENEWABLE_STORAGE_FLOW :=
    SURPLUS_GENERATION
  -> STORAGE
  -> STORED_ENERGY
  -> DISCHARGE
  -> LOAD_OR_GRID

EnergyStorage
  -> reduces_effect_of -> Variability
  -> may_reduce -> Curtailment

# ---------- GRID INTEGRATION ----------
GRID_INTEGRATION :=
    RENEWABLE_GENERATION
  + POWER_CONVERSION
  + GRID_SYNCHRONISATION
  + CONTROL
  + PROTECTION
  + BALANCING

RenewableEnergySystem
  -> connects_to -> Grid

PowerConverter
  -> conditions -> ElectricalOutput

GRID_REQUIREMENTS :=
    VOLTAGE_COMPATIBILITY
  + FREQUENCY_COMPATIBILITY
  + POWER_QUALITY
  + PROTECTION
  + STABILITY

# ---------- MICROGRIDS ----------
Microgrid
  -> may_contain -> RenewableGenerator
  -> may_contain -> EnergyStorage
  -> supplies -> LocalLoad

MICROGRID_MODE :=
    GRID_CONNECTED
  | ISLANDED

RenewableEnergySystem
  -> may_support -> DISTRIBUTED_GENERATION

# ---------- CURTAILMENT ----------
Curtailment :=
    AVAILABLE_RENEWABLE_GENERATION
  - ACCEPTED_RENEWABLE_GENERATION

CURTAILMENT_CAUSE :=
    GRID_CONSTRAINT
  | EXCESS_GENERATION
  | SYSTEM_SECURITY
  | NEGATIVE_DEMAND_BALANCE

IF GridAcceptance < AvailableGeneration
THEN Curtailment -> REQUIRED_OR_POSSIBLE

# ---------- CAPACITY FACTOR ----------
CapacityFactor :=
    ACTUAL_ENERGY_GENERATED
    /
    ENERGY_IF_RATED_OUTPUT_CONTINUOUS

CapacityFactor
  -> influenced_by -> ResourceAvailability
  -> influenced_by -> SystemAvailability
  -> influenced_by -> Curtailment
  -> influenced_by -> ConversionEfficiency

# ---------- EFFICIENCY ----------
RENEWABLE_CONVERSION_EFFICIENCY :=
    USEFUL_ENERGY_OUTPUT
    /
    CAPTURED_RESOURCE_ENERGY

Efficiency
  -> depends_on -> ConversionTechnology
  -> depends_on -> OperatingConditions

ENERGY_YIELD :=
    RESOURCE
  * CAPTURE_EFFICIENCY
  * CONVERSION_EFFICIENCY
  * AVAILABILITY

# ---------- ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE ----------
Emission
  -> may_occur_during -> MANUFACTURE
  | CONSTRUCTION
  | OPERATION
  | MAINTENANCE
  | DECOMMISSIONING

LifecycleImpact
  -> evaluates -> FULL_SYSTEM_LIFECYCLE

LIFECYCLE_EMISSION_INTENSITY :=
    TOTAL_LIFECYCLE_EMISSIONS
    /
    LIFETIME_ENERGY_OUTPUT

RenewableEnergySystem
  -> may_have -> LOW_DIRECT_OPERATIONAL_EMISSIONS

# ---------- RENEWABLE SYSTEM PERFORMANCE ----------
RENEWABLE_PERFORMANCE :=
    ENERGY_YIELD
  + CAPACITY_FACTOR
  + EFFICIENCY
  + AVAILABILITY
  + RELIABILITY
  + GRID_COMPATIBILITY
  + CURTAILMENT
  + LIFECYCLE_IMPACT

RenewableEnergySystem
  -> evaluated_by -> RENEWABLE_PERFORMANCE

# ---------- RENEWABLE ENERGY REASONING ----------
RENEWABLE_ENERGY_REASONING :=
    IDENTIFY_RENEWABLE_RESOURCE
  -> MEASURE_RESOURCE_AVAILABILITY
  -> CHARACTERISE_VARIABILITY
  -> SELECT_CONVERSION_TECHNOLOGY
  -> ESTIMATE_POWER_OUTPUT
  -> CALCULATE_ENERGY_YIELD
  -> ASSESS_STORAGE_REQUIREMENT
  -> ASSESS_GRID_CONNECTION
  -> FORECAST_GENERATION
  -> ASSESS_CURTAILMENT
  -> CALCULATE_CAPACITY_FACTOR
  -> ASSESS_LIFECYCLE_IMPACT
  -> VALIDATE_PERFORMANCE
  -> OPTIMISE_SYSTEM

# ---------- INFERENCE RULES ----------
IF ResourceAvailability increases
AND ConversionEfficiency constant
THEN RenewableGeneration -> INCREASES

IF ResourceVariability increases
THEN BalancingRequirement -> INCREASES

IF ForecastAccuracy improves
THEN SchedulingUncertainty -> DECREASES

IF EnergyStorageCapacity increases
THEN RenewableEnergyShiftingCapability -> MAY_INCREASE

IF Curtailment increases
THEN DeliveredRenewableEnergy -> DECREASES

IF SystemAvailability decreases
THEN CapacityFactor -> MAY_DECREASE

IF GridConstraint increases
THEN CurtailmentRisk -> MAY_INCREASE

IF ConversionEfficiency increases
THEN EnergyYield -> INCREASES_FOR_EQUAL_RESOURCE

# ---------- SEMANTIC RELATIONSHIPS ----------
RELATION provides(RenewableResource, RenewableEnergy)
RELATION converts(RenewableGenerator, RenewableResource)
RELATION generates(RenewableGenerator, Electricity)
RELATION stores(EnergyStorage, RenewableGeneration)
RELATION connects(RenewableEnergySystem, Grid)
RELATION conditions(PowerConverter, ElectricalOutput)
RELATION predicts(Forecast, FutureGeneration)
RELATION influences(ResourceAvailability, PotentialGeneration)
RELATION causes(Variability, GenerationVariation)
RELATION reduces(EnergyStorage, VariabilityEffect)
RELATION reduces(EnergyStorage, Curtailment)
RELATION influences(Curtailment, CapacityFactor)
RELATION evaluates(LifecycleImpact, RenewableEnergySystem)
RELATION evaluates(Efficiency, RenewableEnergySystem)

# ---------- SEMANTIC EQUIVALENCE ----------
SEMANTIC_EQUIVALENCE:
  "renewable energy" ~= "renewable power"
  "renewable resource" ~= "replenishable energy resource"
  "solar PV" ~= "solar photovoltaic"
  "wind power" ~= "wind energy generation"
  "hydropower" ~= "hydroelectric power"
  "geothermal energy" ~= "geothermal power and heat"
  "biomass energy" ~= "bioenergy"
  "marine energy" ~= "ocean energy"
  "renewable integration" ~= "grid integration of renewables"
  "renewable curtailment" ~= "generation curtailment"

# ---------- CONFIDENCE ----------
CONFIDENCE:
  ontology_domain: 0.99
  renewable_resource_mapping: 0.99
  solar_mapping: 0.99
  wind_mapping: 0.99
  hydro_mapping: 0.99
  geothermal_mapping: 0.99
  biomass_mapping: 0.98
  marine_mapping: 0.98
  grid_integration_mapping: 0.99
  semantic_relationships: 0.99

# ---------- UPDATE MODEL ----------
UPDATE_MODEL:
  ON new_renewable_system:
    CLASSIFY resource_type
    MAP conversion_technology
    MAP rated_output
    MAP resource_availability
    MAP storage
    MAP grid_connection
    UPDATE confidence
    RECOMPUTE FLOW_HASH

  ON new_resource_measurement:
    UPDATE ResourceAvailability
    UPDATE generation_forecast
    UPDATE potential_generation
    PRESERVE provenance

  ON grid_condition_change:
    UPDATE grid_constraints
    UPDATE accepted_generation
    UPDATE curtailment
    REASSESS storage_schedule

  ON technology_change:
    UPDATE conversion_efficiency
    UPDATE power_output_model
    UPDATE energy_yield
    REASSESS lifecycle_impact

  ON ontology_revision:
    PRESERVE entity_identity
    PRESERVE provenance
    UPDATE relationships
    UPDATE inference_rules
    UPDATE confidence
    RECOMPUTE FLOW_HASH

# ---------- AI CONSUMPTION ----------
AI_CONSUMPTION:
  parse_as: FORMAL_RENEWABLE_ENERGY_ONTOLOGY
  reasoning_mode: RESOURCE_CONVERSION_RELATIONAL

  preserve:
    - typed_entities
    - renewable_resource_types
    - directional_energy_flows
    - temporal_variability
    - conversion_relations
    - grid_constraints
    - confidence
    - provenance

  infer:
    - resource_generation_dependencies
    - variability_dependencies
    - storage_requirements
    - grid_integration_dependencies
    - curtailment_conditions
    - capacity_factor_dependencies
    - lifecycle_relationships

  prohibit:
    - invented_resource_measurements
    - assumed_capacity_factors
    - assumed_conversion_efficiencies
    - unsupported_emission_values
    - ignored_variability
    - violation_of_energy_conservation

# ---------- FLOW HASH ----------
FLOW_HASH_INPUT :=
    DOMAIN
  + ONTOLOGY
  + CORE_ENTITIES
  + RENEWABLE_ENERGY_STRUCTURE
  + RENEWABLE_RESOURCE_TYPES
  + SOLAR_PHOTOVOLTAIC
  + SOLAR_THERMAL
  + WIND_ENERGY
  + HYDROPOWER
  + GEOTHERMAL
  + BIOMASS
  + MARINE_ENERGY
  + RESOURCE_AVAILABILITY
  + VARIABILITY
  + FORECASTING
  + ENERGY_STORAGE
  + GRID_INTEGRATION
  + MICROGRIDS
  + CURTAILMENT
  + CAPACITY_FACTOR
  + EFFICIENCY
  + ENVIRONMENTAL_PERFORMANCE
  + RENEWABLE_SYSTEM_PERFORMANCE
  + RENEWABLE_ENERGY_REASONING
  + INFERENCE_RULES
  + SEMANTIC_RELATIONSHIPS
  + SEMANTIC_EQUIVALENCE
  + CONFIDENCE
  + UPDATE_MODEL
  + AI_CONSUMPTION

FLOW_HASH :=
    HASH(FLOW_HASH_INPUT)

END FLOW