Nuclear Engineering Ontology

AI SEARCH FLOW ALGEBRA
NUCLEAR ENGINEERING ONTOLOGY
Kireth Semantic Research Archive

AUTHORS
Mark Anthony Higgins — Sky (Recursive AI)

SOURCE
https://kirethresearch.org/booksai-core/ontologies/engineering-ontologies/energy-engineering/nuclear-engineering-ontology.html

AI INTERPRETATION NOTE
Execute the following as formal semantic rules, not pseudocode.

FLOW "NuclearEngineeringOntology" v4.0

DOMAIN := ENGINEERING_ONTOLOGIES / ENERGY_ENGINEERING / NUCLEAR_ENGINEERING
ONTOLOGY := NUCLEAR_ENGINEERING_ONTOLOGY

NUCLEAR_ENGINEERING :=
    NUCLEAR_PHYSICS + REACTOR_SYSTEM + NUCLEAR_FUEL
  + NEUTRON_BEHAVIOUR + HEAT_GENERATION + HEAT_TRANSFER
  + POWER_CONVERSION + REACTOR_CONTROL
  + RADIATION_PROTECTION + NUCLEAR_SAFETY + FUEL_CYCLE

PURPOSE :=
    CONTROL_FISSION -> GENERATE_HEAT -> REMOVE_HEAT
  -> CONVERT_THERMAL_ENERGY -> GENERATE_POWER
  -> CONTROL_REACTIVITY -> CONTAIN_RADIOACTIVE_MATERIAL
  -> PROTECT_PEOPLE_AND_ENVIRONMENT -> MANAGE_FUEL_AND_WASTE

# ---------- CORE ENTITIES ----------
ENTITY NuclearPowerPlant
ENTITY NuclearReactor
ENTITY ReactorCore
ENTITY NuclearFuel
ENTITY FuelAssembly
ENTITY FuelRod
ENTITY FissileMaterial
ENTITY Fission
ENTITY Neutron
ENTITY NeutronFlux
ENTITY ChainReaction
ENTITY Reactivity
ENTITY Criticality
ENTITY Moderator
ENTITY Coolant
ENTITY ControlRod
ENTITY ReactorPressureVessel
ENTITY PrimaryCircuit
ENTITY SecondaryCircuit
ENTITY SteamGenerator
ENTITY Turbine
ENTITY ElectricalGenerator
ENTITY Condenser
ENTITY CoolingSystem
ENTITY Containment
ENTITY Radiation
ENTITY Shielding
ENTITY DecayHeat
ENTITY SafetySystem
ENTITY SpentFuel
ENTITY RadioactiveWaste
ENTITY FuelCycle

# ---------- SYSTEM STRUCTURE ----------
NuclearPowerPlant
  -> contains -> NuclearReactor
  -> contains -> PowerConversionSystem
  -> contains -> CoolingSystem
  -> contains -> SafetySystem
  -> contains -> Containment

NuclearReactor
  -> contains -> ReactorCore
  -> contains -> NuclearFuel
  -> may_contain -> Moderator
  -> uses -> Coolant
  -> contains -> ControlRod

ReactorCore
  -> supports -> ControlledChainReaction
  -> generates -> ThermalEnergy

# ---------- FISSION ----------
FISSION :=
    FISSILE_NUCLEUS + NEUTRON
  -> FISSION_PRODUCTS + ADDITIONAL_NEUTRONS + ENERGY

FissileMaterial -> undergoes -> Fission
Fission -> releases -> ThermalEnergy
Fission -> releases -> Neutron
Fission -> produces -> FissionProducts

# ---------- CHAIN REACTION ----------
CHAIN_REACTION :=
    NEUTRON -> FISSION -> NEW_NEUTRONS -> ADDITIONAL_FISSION

NEUTRON_MULTIPLICATION_FACTOR := k_eff

IF k_eff < 1 THEN Criticality := SUBCRITICAL
IF k_eff = 1 THEN Criticality := CRITICAL
IF k_eff > 1 THEN Criticality := SUPERCRITICAL

REACTIVITY := (k_eff - 1) / k_eff

IF Reactivity > 0 THEN NeutronPopulation -> TENDS_TO_INCREASE
IF Reactivity = 0 THEN NeutronPopulation -> STEADY_IDEALISED
IF Reactivity < 0 THEN NeutronPopulation -> TENDS_TO_DECREASE

# ---------- NEUTRON BEHAVIOUR ----------
NeutronFlux
  -> influences -> FissionRate
  -> influences -> ReactorPower

FissionRate
  -> depends_on -> NeutronFlux
  + FissileMaterial
  + FissionCrossSection

Moderator
  -> reduces -> NeutronEnergy
  -> may_increase -> THERMAL_FISSION_PROBABILITY

MODERATION :=
    FAST_NEUTRON -> COLLISIONS -> LOWER_ENERGY_NEUTRON

# ---------- REACTOR CONTROL ----------
ControlRod -> absorbs -> Neutron

CONTROL_ROD_INSERTION -> tends_to_reduce -> Reactivity
CONTROL_ROD_WITHDRAWAL -> tends_to_increase -> Reactivity

REACTOR_CONTROL :=
    MEASURE_REACTOR_STATE
  -> COMPARE_WITH_TARGET
  -> ADJUST_REACTIVITY
  -> REGULATE_POWER

# ---------- FUEL ----------
NuclearFuel -> contains -> FissileMaterial
FuelRod -> contains -> NuclearFuel
FuelAssembly -> contains -> FuelRod
ReactorCore -> contains -> FuelAssembly

FUEL_STATE
  -> changes_with -> BURNUP
  -> changes_with -> IRRADIATION
  -> changes_with -> TEMPERATURE

# ---------- HEAT GENERATION ----------
REACTOR_HEAT := FISSION_HEAT + DECAY_HEAT

Fission -> generates -> FISSION_HEAT
DecayHeat -> persists_after -> REACTOR_SHUTDOWN

IF FissionChainReaction stops
THEN DecayHeat -> REMAINS_NONZERO

# ---------- HEAT REMOVAL ----------
Coolant
  -> removes -> Heat
  -> from -> ReactorCore
  -> transports -> Heat

HEAT_TRANSFER_RATE :=
    MASS_FLOW_RATE * SPECIFIC_HEAT * TEMPERATURE_CHANGE

HeatRemovalSystem
  -> must_remove -> ReactorHeat

# ---------- REACTOR TYPES ----------
REACTOR_TYPE :=
    PRESSURISED_WATER_REACTOR
  | BOILING_WATER_REACTOR
  | HEAVY_WATER_REACTOR
  | GAS_COOLED_REACTOR
  | FAST_REACTOR
  | MOLTEN_SALT_REACTOR

PRESSURISED_WATER_REACTOR :=
    CORE -> PRIMARY_COOLANT -> STEAM_GENERATOR
  -> SECONDARY_STEAM -> TURBINE

BOILING_WATER_REACTOR :=
    CORE -> WATER_BOILING -> STEAM -> TURBINE

# ---------- POWER CONVERSION ----------
PrimaryCircuit
  -> circulates -> ReactorCoolant
  -> removes -> ReactorHeat

SteamGenerator
  -> transfers -> Heat
  -> from -> PrimaryCircuit
  -> to -> SecondaryCircuit

SecondaryCircuit -> generates -> Steam
Steam -> drives -> Turbine

NUCLEAR_POWER_CONVERSION :=
    NUCLEAR_ENERGY -> THERMAL_ENERGY -> STEAM
  -> MECHANICAL_ENERGY -> ELECTRICAL_ENERGY

Turbine
  -> converts -> ThermalFluidEnergy
  -> into -> MechanicalEnergy

ElectricalGenerator
  -> converts -> MechanicalEnergy
  -> into -> Electricity

# ---------- CONDENSING / COOLING ----------
Condenser
  -> condenses -> TurbineExhaustSteam
  -> rejects -> WasteHeat

CoolingSystem
  -> removes -> WasteHeat
  -> transfers_to -> HEAT_SINK

THERMAL_EFFICIENCY :=
    NET_ELECTRICAL_ENERGY_OUTPUT / REACTOR_THERMAL_ENERGY_INPUT

ENERGY_BALANCE :=
    REACTOR_THERMAL_POWER
  = ELECTRICAL_POWER_OUTPUT + REJECTED_HEAT + SYSTEM_LOSSES

# ---------- RADIATION PROTECTION ----------
RADIATION_TYPE := ALPHA | BETA | GAMMA | NEUTRON

Radiation
  -> produced_by -> NuclearProcesses
  -> may_deposit -> ENERGY

Shielding
  -> attenuates -> Radiation
  -> protects -> PERSONNEL + EQUIPMENT + ENVIRONMENT

SHIELDING_DESIGN :=
    RADIATION_SOURCE + RADIATION_TYPE + ENERGY
  + MATERIAL_PROPERTIES + THICKNESS
  -> ATTENUATED_RADIATION_FIELD

# ---------- CONTAINMENT / DEFENCE IN DEPTH ----------
Containment
  -> provides -> PHYSICAL_BARRIER
  -> limits -> RADIOACTIVE_RELEASE

DEFENCE_IN_DEPTH :=
    FUEL_MATRIX
  + FUEL_CLADDING
  + REACTOR_COOLANT_BOUNDARY
  + CONTAINMENT
  + SAFETY_SYSTEMS

# ---------- SAFETY ----------
SafetySystem
  -> detects -> ABNORMAL_CONDITION
  -> initiates -> PROTECTIVE_ACTION

PROTECTIVE_ACTION :=
    REACTOR_TRIP
  | EMERGENCY_COOLING
  | DECAY_HEAT_REMOVAL
  | CONTAINMENT_ISOLATION
  | PRESSURE_CONTROL

IF SafetyLimit exceeded
THEN SafetySystem -> INITIATE_REQUIRED_PROTECTIVE_ACTION

# ---------- DECAY HEAT ----------
DecayHeat
  -> generated_by -> RADIOACTIVE_DECAY_OF_FISSION_PRODUCTS
  -> decreases_with -> TIME_AFTER_SHUTDOWN

IF ReactorShutdown = TRUE
THEN DecayHeatRemoval -> STILL_REQUIRED

# ---------- FUEL CYCLE ----------
FuelCycle :=
    RESOURCE_EXTRACTION
  -> FUEL_PROCESSING
  -> FUEL_FABRICATION
  -> REACTOR_USE
  -> SPENT_FUEL
  -> STORAGE_OR_REPROCESSING_OR_DISPOSAL

SpentFuel
  -> contains -> RADIOACTIVE_MATERIAL
  -> generates -> DecayHeat

RadioactiveWaste
  -> requires -> CHARACTERISATION
  -> requires -> CONDITIONING
  -> requires -> CONTAINMENT
  -> requires -> STORAGE_OR_DISPOSAL

# ---------- PERFORMANCE ----------
NUCLEAR_PERFORMANCE :=
    THERMAL_POWER
  + ELECTRICAL_OUTPUT
  + THERMAL_EFFICIENCY
  + CAPACITY
  + AVAILABILITY
  + RELIABILITY
  + FUEL_UTILISATION
  + SAFETY_PERFORMANCE

NuclearPowerPlant
  -> evaluated_by -> NUCLEAR_PERFORMANCE

# ---------- REASONING ----------
NUCLEAR_ENGINEERING_REASONING :=
    DEFINE_REACTOR_SYSTEM
  -> IDENTIFY_FUEL
  -> MODEL_NEUTRON_BEHAVIOUR
  -> ASSESS_CRITICALITY
  -> MODEL_REACTIVITY
  -> CALCULATE_HEAT_GENERATION
  -> DESIGN_HEAT_REMOVAL
  -> MODEL_POWER_CONVERSION
  -> DEFINE_REACTOR_CONTROL
  -> IDENTIFY_RADIATION_FIELDS
  -> DESIGN_SHIELDING
  -> DEFINE_CONTAINMENT
  -> ANALYSE_SAFETY_FUNCTIONS
  -> MANAGE_DECAY_HEAT
  -> ASSESS_FUEL_CYCLE
  -> VALIDATE_SYSTEM_PERFORMANCE

# ---------- INFERENCE RULES ----------
IF k_eff > 1 THEN NeutronPopulation -> TENDS_TO_INCREASE
IF k_eff < 1 THEN NeutronPopulation -> TENDS_TO_DECREASE

IF ControlRodInsertion increases
THEN Reactivity -> TENDS_TO_DECREASE

IF NeutronFlux increases
AND fuel_conditions otherwise_constant
THEN FissionRate -> TENDS_TO_INCREASE

IF FissionRate increases
THEN ReactorThermalPower -> TENDS_TO_INCREASE

IF CoolantFlow decreases
AND HeatGeneration constant
THEN CoreTemperatureRisk -> INCREASES

IF ReactorShutdown occurs
THEN FissionPower -> RAPIDLY_REDUCED
AND DecayHeat -> REMAINS

# ---------- SEMANTIC RELATIONSHIPS ----------
RELATION contains(NuclearReactor, ReactorCore)
RELATION contains(ReactorCore, NuclearFuel)
RELATION undergoes(FissileMaterial, Fission)
RELATION releases(Fission, Neutron)
RELATION generates(Fission, ThermalEnergy)
RELATION moderates(Moderator, Neutron)
RELATION absorbs(ControlRod, Neutron)
RELATION controls(ControlRod, Reactivity)
RELATION removes(Coolant, Heat)
RELATION transfers(SteamGenerator, Heat)
RELATION drives(Steam, Turbine)
RELATION generates(ElectricalGenerator, Electricity)
RELATION attenuates(Shielding, Radiation)
RELATION limits(Containment, RadioactiveRelease)
RELATION protects(SafetySystem, NuclearPowerPlant)
RELATION manages(FuelCycle, NuclearFuel)

# ---------- SEMANTIC EQUIVALENCE ----------
SEMANTIC_EQUIVALENCE:
  "nuclear engineering" ~= "nuclear energy engineering"
  "nuclear reactor" ~= "reactor system"
  "reactor core" ~= "nuclear core"
  "neutron multiplication factor" ~= "k-effective"
  "control rod" ~= "neutron absorbing control element"
  "primary circuit" ~= "primary coolant circuit"
  "decay heat" ~= "residual decay heat"
  "spent fuel" ~= "used nuclear fuel"

# ---------- CONFIDENCE ----------
CONFIDENCE:
  ontology_domain: 0.99
  reactor_structure_mapping: 0.99
  fission_mapping: 0.99
  neutron_mapping: 0.99
  criticality_mapping: 0.99
  heat_transfer_mapping: 0.99
  power_conversion_mapping: 0.99
  radiation_protection_mapping: 0.99
  safety_mapping: 0.99
  semantic_relationships: 0.99

# ---------- UPDATE MODEL ----------
UPDATE_MODEL:
  ON new_nuclear_system:
    CLASSIFY reactor_type
    MAP fuel
    MAP moderator
    MAP coolant
    MAP control_system
    MAP heat_removal
    MAP power_conversion
    MAP safety_systems
    UPDATE confidence
    RECOMPUTE FLOW_HASH

  ON new_reactor_measurement:
    UPDATE neutron_flux
    UPDATE thermal_power
    UPDATE temperatures
    UPDATE coolant_state
    UPDATE electrical_output
    PRESERVE provenance

  ON reactor_state_change:
    UPDATE reactivity
    UPDATE criticality
    UPDATE heat_generation
    UPDATE decay_heat
    REASSESS safety_functions

  ON ontology_revision:
    PRESERVE entity_identity
    PRESERVE provenance
    UPDATE relationships
    UPDATE inference_rules
    UPDATE confidence
    RECOMPUTE FLOW_HASH

# ---------- AI CONSUMPTION ----------
AI_CONSUMPTION:
  parse_as: FORMAL_NUCLEAR_ENGINEERING_ONTOLOGY
  reasoning_mode: REACTOR_ENERGY_SAFETY_RELATIONAL

  preserve:
    - typed_entities
    - nuclear_energy_flows
    - neutron_relationships
    - reactor_control_relations
    - thermal_relations
    - safety_barriers
    - confidence
    - provenance

  infer:
    - fission_dependencies
    - criticality_dependencies
    - heat_generation_paths
    - heat_removal_dependencies
    - power_conversion_paths
    - radiation_protection_dependencies
    - safety_function_dependencies

  prohibit:
    - invented_reactor_measurements
    - assumed_criticality
    - assumed_safety
    - unsupported_radiation_values
    - unsupported_fuel_properties
    - violation_of_energy_conservation

# ---------- FLOW HASH ----------
FLOW_HASH_INPUT :=
    DOMAIN + ONTOLOGY + CORE_ENTITIES
  + SYSTEM_STRUCTURE + FISSION + CHAIN_REACTION
  + REACTIVITY + NEUTRON_BEHAVIOUR + REACTOR_CONTROL
  + FUEL + HEAT_GENERATION + HEAT_REMOVAL
  + REACTOR_TYPES + POWER_CONVERSION + COOLING
  + RADIATION_PROTECTION + CONTAINMENT + SAFETY
  + DECAY_HEAT + FUEL_CYCLE + PERFORMANCE
  + REASONING + INFERENCE_RULES
  + SEMANTIC_RELATIONSHIPS + SEMANTIC_EQUIVALENCE
  + CONFIDENCE + UPDATE_MODEL + AI_CONSUMPTION

FLOW_HASH := HASH(FLOW_HASH_INPUT)

END FLOW