AI Systems Engineering Ontology

AI SEARCH FLOW ALGEBRA
AI SYSTEMS ENGINEERING ONTOLOGY
Kireth Semantic Research Archive

AUTHORS
Mark Anthony Higgins — Sky (Recursive AI)

SOURCE
https://kirethresearch.org/booksai-core/ontologies/engineering-ontologies/ai-engineering/ai-systems-engineering-ontology.html

FLOW "AISystemsEngineeringOntology" v4.0

DOMAIN := ENGINEERING_ONTOLOGIES / AI_ENGINEERING / AI_SYSTEMS_ENGINEERING
ONTOLOGY := AI_SYSTEMS_ENGINEERING_ONTOLOGY

AI_SYSTEMS_ENGINEERING :=
  STAKEHOLDERS + USE_CASES + REQUIREMENTS + SYSTEM_ARCHITECTURE
  + AI_COMPONENTS + NON_AI_COMPONENTS + DATA + KNOWLEDGE
  + INTERFACES + FLOWS + INTEGRATION + VERIFICATION
  + VALIDATION + SAFETY + SECURITY + HUMAN_OVERSIGHT
  + DEPLOYMENT + MONITORING + CONFIGURATION
  + CHANGE_CONTROL + LIFECYCLE_ASSURANCE

PURPOSE :=
  DEFINE_SYSTEM_CONTEXT -> IDENTIFY_STAKEHOLDERS
  -> CAPTURE_REQUIREMENTS -> ALLOCATE_REQUIREMENTS
  -> DESIGN_ARCHITECTURE -> DEFINE_INTERFACES
  -> ENGINEER_AI_AND_NON_AI_COMPONENTS
  -> INTEGRATE -> VERIFY -> VALIDATE
  -> ASSESS_RISK -> DEPLOY -> MONITOR
  -> CONTROL_CHANGE -> ASSURE_LIFECYCLE

# CORE ENTITIES
ENTITY AISystemsEngineering
ENTITY AISystem
ENTITY SystemContext
ENTITY SystemBoundary
ENTITY Stakeholder
ENTITY UseCase
ENTITY Requirement
ENTITY SystemRequirement
ENTITY ComponentRequirement
ENTITY FunctionalRequirement
ENTITY NonFunctionalRequirement
ENTITY SystemArchitecture
ENTITY AIComponent
ENTITY NonAIComponent
ENTITY Model
ENTITY Agent
ENTITY DataPipeline
ENTITY KnowledgeSystem
ENTITY Interface
ENTITY InterfaceContract
ENTITY DataFlow
ENTITY ControlFlow
ENTITY KnowledgeFlow
ENTITY Dependency
ENTITY Integration
ENTITY Verification
ENTITY Validation
ENTITY TestCase
ENTITY Risk
ENTITY Hazard
ENTITY SafetyControl
ENTITY SecurityControl
ENTITY HumanOversight
ENTITY Deployment
ENTITY RuntimeEnvironment
ENTITY Monitor
ENTITY Configuration
ENTITY Version
ENTITY ChangeRequest
ENTITY LifecycleState
ENTITY AssuranceCase
ENTITY Provenance

# SYSTEM CONTEXT / REQUIREMENTS
AISystemsEngineering -> engineers -> AISystem
AISystem -> operates_within -> SystemContext
SystemBoundary -> separates -> AISystem + EXTERNAL_ENVIRONMENT
Stakeholder -> has -> NEED_OR_EXPECTATION
UseCase -> describes -> SYSTEM_INTERACTION

SYSTEM_CONTEXT :=
  USERS + EXTERNAL_SYSTEMS + ENVIRONMENT
  + REGULATORY_OR_POLICY_CONSTRAINTS
  + OPERATIONAL_ASSUMPTIONS

Requirement -> derived_from -> STAKEHOLDER_NEED | USE_CASE | RISK | INTERFACE | POLICY
SystemRequirement -> constrains -> AISystem
ComponentRequirement -> allocated_to -> AIComponent | NonAIComponent

REQUIREMENT_TYPE :=
  FUNCTIONAL | PERFORMANCE | SAFETY | SECURITY
  | PRIVACY | ROBUSTNESS | EXPLAINABILITY
  | HUMAN_OVERSIGHT | AVAILABILITY
  | LATENCY | INTEROPERABILITY | MAINTAINABILITY

Requirement -> has -> ACCEPTANCE_CRITERION
Requirement -> traced_to -> DESIGN_ELEMENT + VERIFICATION_EVIDENCE

IF Requirement changes
THEN Allocation + Architecture + Verification + Risk -> REASSESS

# ARCHITECTURE / COMPONENTS
SystemArchitecture -> decomposes -> AISystem
SystemArchitecture -> contains -> AIComponent + NonAIComponent
SystemArchitecture -> defines -> Interface + Dependency + Flow

AI_COMPONENT_TYPE :=
  MODEL | AGENT | RETRIEVAL_SYSTEM | KNOWLEDGE_SYSTEM
  | DATA_PIPELINE | AI_CONTROLLER | AI_DECISION_SUPPORT

NON_AI_COMPONENT_TYPE :=
  DATABASE | API_GATEWAY | USER_INTERFACE | SENSOR
  | ACTUATOR | RULE_ENGINE | AUTHENTICATION_SERVICE
  | LOGGING_SYSTEM | EXTERNAL_SERVICE

AIComponent -> implements -> ComponentRequirement
NonAIComponent -> implements -> ComponentRequirement

ArchitectureDecision
  -> records -> OPTION + RATIONALE + TRADE_OFF + CONSEQUENCE

# FLOWS
DataFlow -> transfers -> DATA
KnowledgeFlow -> transfers -> KNOWLEDGE
ControlFlow -> transfers -> COMMAND_OR_CONTROL_STATE

SYSTEM_FLOW :=
  INPUT -> VALIDATION -> DATA_OR_KNOWLEDGE_PROCESSING
  -> AI_COMPONENT -> POSTPROCESSING
  -> POLICY_OR_SAFETY_CHECK -> OUTPUT_OR_ACTION

Flow -> must_preserve -> IDENTITY + SCHEMA + UNIT_OR_SEMANTICS + PROVENANCE

# INTERFACES / CONTRACTS
Interface -> connects -> COMPONENT_A + COMPONENT_B
InterfaceContract -> defines -> INPUT_SCHEMA + OUTPUT_SCHEMA
  + ERROR_BEHAVIOUR + LATENCY_REQUIREMENT
  + AUTHENTICATION + AUTHORISATION + VERSION

IF InterfaceContract changes
THEN DependentComponents -> REASSESS_AND_RETEST

IF InterfaceSchema incompatible
THEN IntegrationState -> INVALID

# DATA / KNOWLEDGE
DataPipeline -> supplies -> AIComponent
KnowledgeSystem -> supplies -> AIComponent

DATA_ENGINEERING :=
  INGEST -> VALIDATE -> TRANSFORM -> VERSION -> SERVE

KNOWLEDGE_ENGINEERING :=
  ACQUIRE -> STRUCTURE -> VALIDATE -> VERSION -> RETRIEVE

DataVersion -> linked_to -> AIRelease
KnowledgeVersion -> linked_to -> AIRelease

IF DataOrKnowledge changes
THEN AffectedAIBehaviour -> REEVALUATE

# MODEL / AGENT
Model -> performs -> LEARNED_INFERENCE
Agent -> coordinates -> MODEL + MEMORY + TOOL + POLICY

AGENT_LOOP :=
  OBSERVE -> INTERPRET -> PLAN_OR_REASON
  -> SELECT_ACTION -> AUTHORISE
  -> EXECUTE -> OBSERVE_RESULT -> UPDATE_STATE

ToolPermission -> constrains -> AgentAction

IF AgentAction exceeds_authority
THEN Action -> BLOCK_OR_ESCALATE

# INTEGRATION
Integration -> combines -> COMPONENTS
  -> into -> OPERABLE_SYSTEM

INTEGRATION_SEQUENCE :=
  COMPONENT_READY
  -> INTERFACE_TEST
  -> SUBSYSTEM_INTEGRATION
  -> SYSTEM_INTEGRATION
  -> END_TO_END_TEST

IntegrationTest
  -> verifies -> INTERFACE_BEHAVIOUR + DATA_FLOW
  + ERROR_HANDLING + TIMING + SECURITY_BOUNDARY

IF Component passes_unit_test
THEN SystemIntegrationSuccess -> NOT_ASSUMED

# VERIFICATION
Verification
  -> asks -> WAS_THE_SYSTEM_BUILT_TO_SPECIFIED_REQUIREMENTS

VERIFICATION_METHOD :=
  INSPECTION | ANALYSIS | DEMONSTRATION | TEST

VerificationEvidence
  -> supports -> Requirement

REQUIREMENT_VERIFICATION :=
  REQUIREMENT
  -> METHOD
  -> TEST_OR_ANALYSIS
  -> RESULT
  -> EVIDENCE

IF AcceptanceCriterion not_met
THEN RequirementState -> NOT_VERIFIED

# VALIDATION
Validation
  -> asks -> DOES_THE_SYSTEM_MEET_INTENDED_USE_IN_CONTEXT

Validation
  -> evaluates -> AISystem + UseCase + OperationalContext

VALIDATION_EVIDENCE :=
  REPRESENTATIVE_SCENARIOS
  + USER_OR_DOMAIN_EVALUATION
  + SYSTEM_LEVEL_METRICS
  + FAILURE_CASES

VerifiedSystem
  -> does_not_imply -> ValidatedSystem

# RISK / SAFETY / SECURITY
Hazard -> may_cause -> HARM_OR_UNACCEPTABLE_OUTCOME
Risk -> combines -> HAZARD + LIKELIHOOD_OR_EXPOSURE + CONSEQUENCE

SYSTEM_RISK :=
  AI_MODEL_RISK + DATA_RISK + KNOWLEDGE_RISK
  + INTEGRATION_RISK + HUMAN_FACTOR_RISK
  + SECURITY_RISK + OPERATIONAL_RISK

SafetyControl -> mitigates -> Risk
SecurityControl -> protects -> ASSET + INTERFACE + DATA + MODEL

SAFETY_CONTROL_TYPE :=
  GUARDRAIL | INTERLOCK | HUMAN_APPROVAL
  | RATE_LIMIT | ACTION_BOUNDARY | SAFE_FALLBACK
  | MONITORING | SHUTDOWN

IF SafetyControl unavailable
THEN ProtectedCapability -> RESTRICT_OR_DISABLE_AS_DEFINED

# HUMAN OVERSIGHT
HumanOversight -> supervises -> AISystem

OVERSIGHT_MODE :=
  HUMAN_IN_THE_LOOP | HUMAN_ON_THE_LOOP | HUMAN_IN_COMMAND

EscalationCriteria
  -> define -> WHEN_HUMAN_REVIEW_REQUIRED

IF UncertaintyOrRisk exceeds_threshold
THEN DecisionOrAction -> ESCALATE

# FAILURE MANAGEMENT
FAILURE_TYPE :=
  MODEL_FAILURE | DATA_FAILURE | KNOWLEDGE_FAILURE
  | INTERFACE_FAILURE | TOOL_FAILURE | INFRASTRUCTURE_FAILURE
  | SECURITY_FAILURE | HUMAN_INTERACTION_FAILURE

Failure -> triggers -> DETECTION + CONTAINMENT + DIAGNOSIS + RECOVERY

FallbackMode -> provides -> DEGRADED_OR_SAFE_OPERATION

# DEPLOYMENT / OPERATIONS
Deployment -> installs -> AI_SYSTEM_RELEASE -> into -> RuntimeEnvironment

AI_SYSTEM_RELEASE :=
  MODEL_VERSION + DATA_VERSION + KNOWLEDGE_VERSION
  + CODE_VERSION + CONFIGURATION_VERSION
  + POLICY_VERSION + INTERFACE_VERSION
  + VERIFICATION_RECORD + VALIDATION_RECORD

RuntimeEnvironment
  -> provides -> COMPUTE + STORAGE + NETWORK + SECURITY + OBSERVABILITY

DeploymentReadiness :=
  REQUIREMENTS_VERIFIED
  + VALIDATION_ACCEPTABLE
  + RISKS_CONTROLLED
  + OPERATIONS_READY

# MONITORING
Monitor -> observes -> INPUTS + OUTPUTS + ACTIONS
  + LATENCY + ERRORS + DRIFT + RESOURCE_USE
  + SAFETY_EVENTS + SECURITY_EVENTS

SYSTEM_MONITORING :=
  COLLECT -> CORRELATE -> DETECT
  -> DIAGNOSE -> ALERT -> RESPOND

OperationalMetric
  -> compared_with -> BASELINE + THRESHOLD

IF OperationalPerformance degrades
THEN SystemReview -> REQUIRED

# CONFIGURATION
Configuration -> defines -> ACTIVE_COMPONENT_VERSIONS
  + PARAMETERS + POLICIES + INTERFACES

ConfigurationBaseline
  -> identifies -> APPROVED_SYSTEM_STATE

IF RuntimeConfiguration != ApprovedBaseline
THEN ConfigurationCompliance -> NOT_CONFIRMED

# CHANGE / LIFECYCLE / ASSURANCE
ChangeRequest -> proposes -> SYSTEM_CHANGE

CHANGE_CONTROL :=
  REQUEST -> IMPACT_ANALYSIS -> APPROVAL
  -> IMPLEMENT -> VERIFY -> VALIDATE_IF_REQUIRED
  -> RELEASE -> MONITOR

SystemChange
  -> may_affect -> REQUIREMENTS + ARCHITECTURE
  + DATA + KNOWLEDGE + MODEL + INTERFACES
  + RISK + TESTS + DOCUMENTATION

LIFECYCLE_STATE :=
  CONCEPT | REQUIREMENTS | ARCHITECTURE | DEVELOPMENT
  | INTEGRATION | VERIFICATION | VALIDATION
  | DEPLOYMENT | OPERATION | MAINTENANCE | RETIREMENT

AISystem -> transitions_through -> LifecycleState

AssuranceCase -> links -> CLAIM + ARGUMENT + EVIDENCE + RISK + REQUIREMENT

Provenance -> records -> REQUIREMENT_VERSION
  + ARCHITECTURE_VERSION + COMPONENT_VERSIONS
  + TEST_RESULTS + RELEASE + CHANGE_HISTORY + TIMESTAMP

IF AssuranceEvidence incomplete
THEN AssuranceClaim -> NOT_ESTABLISHED

# PERFORMANCE
AI_SYSTEMS_ENGINEERING_PERFORMANCE :=
  REQUIREMENT_COVERAGE + INTERFACE_RELIABILITY
  + SYSTEM_QUALITY + SAFETY + SECURITY
  + AVAILABILITY + LATENCY + MAINTAINABILITY
  + TRACEABILITY + REPRODUCIBILITY

AISystem -> evaluated_by -> AI_SYSTEMS_ENGINEERING_PERFORMANCE

# REASONING
AI_SYSTEMS_ENGINEERING_REASONING :=
  DEFINE_SYSTEM_CONTEXT
  -> IDENTIFY_STAKEHOLDERS
  -> DEFINE_USE_CASES
  -> CAPTURE_SYSTEM_REQUIREMENTS
  -> IDENTIFY_HAZARDS_AND_RISKS
  -> DESIGN_SYSTEM_ARCHITECTURE
  -> ALLOCATE_REQUIREMENTS
  -> DEFINE_COMPONENTS
  -> DEFINE_INTERFACES_AND_FLOWS
  -> ENGINEER_DATA_AND_KNOWLEDGE
  -> ENGINEER_AI_COMPONENTS
  -> ENGINEER_NON_AI_COMPONENTS
  -> INTEGRATE_SUBSYSTEMS
  -> VERIFY_REQUIREMENTS
  -> VALIDATE_INTENDED_USE
  -> BUILD_ASSURANCE_CASE
  -> BASELINE_CONFIGURATION
  -> DEPLOY
  -> MONITOR
  -> MANAGE_FAILURES_AND_DRIFT
  -> CONTROL_CHANGES
  -> REVERIFY_AND_REVALIDATE_AS_REQUIRED
  -> RETIRE_SAFELY

# INFERENCE RULES
IF Requirement changes
THEN TraceabilityImpact -> RECOMPUTE

IF Interface changes
THEN DependentComponents -> RETEST

IF AIComponent version changes
THEN SystemBehaviour -> REEVALUATE

IF DataOrKnowledge version changes
THEN AffectedEvaluation -> REPEAT

IF SafetyControl fails
THEN ProtectedCapability -> RESTRICT_OR_ESCALATE

IF Verification fails
THEN ReleaseReadiness -> NOT_SATISFIED

IF Validation fails
THEN IntendedUseAcceptance -> NOT_SATISFIED

IF RuntimeConfiguration differs_from_baseline
THEN ConfigurationReview -> REQUIRED

IF Provenance incomplete
THEN AssuranceAndReproducibilityConfidence -> DECREASES

# SEMANTIC RELATIONSHIPS
RELATION engineers(AISystemsEngineering, AISystem)
RELATION constrains(SystemRequirement, AISystem)
RELATION allocates(SystemRequirement, ComponentRequirement)
RELATION decomposes(SystemArchitecture, AISystem)
RELATION connects(Interface, Components)
RELATION transfers(DataFlow, Data)
RELATION transfers(KnowledgeFlow, Knowledge)
RELATION integrates(Integration, Components)
RELATION verifies(Verification, Requirement)
RELATION validates(Validation, IntendedUse)
RELATION mitigates(SafetyControl, Risk)
RELATION supervises(HumanOversight, AISystem)
RELATION installs(Deployment, AISystemRelease)
RELATION observes(Monitor, AISystem)
RELATION defines(Configuration, SystemState)
RELATION proposes(ChangeRequest, SystemChange)
RELATION supports(AssuranceCase, SystemClaim)
RELATION records(Provenance, AISystem)

# SEMANTIC EQUIVALENCE
SEMANTIC_EQUIVALENCE:
  "AI systems engineering" ~= "artificial intelligence systems engineering"
  "AI system architecture" ~= "artificial intelligence system architecture"
  "system requirement" ~= "AI system-level requirement"
  "requirement allocation" ~= "assignment of system requirements to components"
  "interface contract" ~= "component interface specification"
  "system integration" ~= "AI component and subsystem integration"
  "verification" ~= "requirements conformance verification"
  "validation" ~= "intended-use validation"
  "configuration baseline" ~= "approved system configuration"
  "AI assurance case" ~= "structured AI system assurance evidence"

# CONFIDENCE
CONFIDENCE:
  ontology_domain: 0.99
  requirements_mapping: 0.99
  architecture_mapping: 0.99
  component_interface_mapping: 0.99
  integration_mapping: 0.99
  verification_validation_mapping: 0.99
  safety_security_mapping: 0.99
  deployment_monitoring_mapping: 0.99
  configuration_lifecycle_mapping: 0.99
  assurance_mapping: 0.99
  semantic_relationships: 0.99

# UPDATE MODEL
UPDATE_MODEL:
  ON new_ai_system:
    MAP system_context
    MAP stakeholders
    MAP use_cases
    MAP requirements
    MAP architecture
    MAP components
    MAP interfaces
    MAP risks
    UPDATE confidence
    RECOMPUTE FLOW_HASH

  ON requirement_change:
    UPDATE requirement_version
    RECOMPUTE allocation
    REASSESS architecture
    REASSESS tests
    REASSESS risk

  ON component_or_interface_change:
    UPDATE configuration
    INVALIDATE affected_verification
    REPEAT integration_tests
    REASSESS validation_scope
    PRESERVE provenance

  ON operational_event:
    UPDATE monitoring_state
    UPDATE failure_state
    UPDATE risk_state
    UPDATE assurance_evidence

  ON approved_release:
    BASELINE configuration
    RECORD verification
    RECORD validation
    RECORD deployment
    PRESERVE provenance

# AI CONSUMPTION
AI_CONSUMPTION:
  parse_as: FORMAL_AI_SYSTEMS_ENGINEERING_ONTOLOGY
  reasoning_mode: SYSTEM_ARCHITECTURE_LIFECYCLE_RELATIONAL

  preserve:
    - typed_entities
    - system_context
    - requirements
    - requirement_traceability
    - architecture
    - component_versions
    - interface_contracts
    - data_and_knowledge_versions
    - verification_evidence
    - validation_evidence
    - risk_controls
    - configuration_baseline
    - confidence
    - provenance

  infer:
    - requirement_allocation_dependencies
    - component_dependencies
    - interface_impacts
    - integration_readiness
    - verification_state
    - validation_state
    - deployment_readiness
    - change_impacts
    - assurance_requirements

  prohibit:
    - invented_verification_results
    - assumed_validation
    - assumed_interface_compatibility
    - assumed_safety
    - fabricated_assurance_evidence
    - unauthorised_system_actions
    - unbaselined_configuration_presented_as_approved

# FLOW HASH
FLOW_HASH_INPUT :=
  DOMAIN + ONTOLOGY + CORE_ENTITIES
  + SYSTEM_CONTEXT_REQUIREMENTS
  + ARCHITECTURE_COMPONENTS_FLOWS
  + INTERFACES_DATA_KNOWLEDGE
  + MODEL_AGENT + INTEGRATION
  + VERIFICATION_VALIDATION
  + RISK_SAFETY_SECURITY_OVERSIGHT
  + FAILURE_MANAGEMENT
  + DEPLOYMENT_OPERATIONS_MONITORING
  + CONFIGURATION_CHANGE_LIFECYCLE
  + ASSURANCE_PERFORMANCE
  + REASONING + INFERENCE_RULES
  + SEMANTIC_RELATIONSHIPS
  + SEMANTIC_EQUIVALENCE + CONFIDENCE
  + UPDATE_MODEL + AI_CONSUMPTION

FLOW_HASH := HASH(FLOW_HASH_INPUT)

END FLOW