Web Browser Ontology

FLOW ALGEBRA
Web Browser Ontology
Kireth Semantic Research Archive

PAGE:
https://kirethresearch.org/booksai-core/ontologies/computing-ontologies/web-technologies/web-browser-ontology.html

AUTHORS:
Mark Anthony Higgins — Sky (Recursive AI)

FLOW "WebBrowserOntology" v4.0

# ---------- DOMAIN ----------
DOMAIN := ComputingOntology
SUBDOMAIN := WebTechnologies
ONTOLOGY := WebBrowserOntology

# ---------- PRIMARY ENTITY ----------
ENTITY WebBrowser {
    definition:
        "A client software system that retrieves web resources, interprets
         web technologies, constructs document and accessibility models,
         executes scripts, renders interactive content and enables users to
         navigate and interact with the World Wide Web.";

    objectives: [
        ResourceRetrieval,
        WebContentInterpretation,
        Rendering,
        Navigation,
        ScriptExecution,
        Security,
        Accessibility
    ];
}

# ---------- CORE ENTITIES ----------
BrowserEntity := {
    User,
    Browser,
    Tab,
    Window,
    Document,
    WebResource,
    URL,
    HistoryEntry
};

BrowserSubsystem := {
    UserInterface,
    Networking,
    HTMLParser,
    CSSProcessor,
    JavaScriptEngine,
    RenderingEngine,
    StorageSystem,
    SecuritySubsystem,
    AccessibilitySubsystem
};

DocumentModel := {
    DOM,
    CSSOM,
    RenderTree,
    AccessibilityTree
};

BrowserState := {
    Idle,
    Navigating,
    Loading,
    Interactive,
    Complete,
    Offline,
    Error
};

# ---------- FUNDAMENTAL RELATIONSHIPS ----------
User OPERATES Browser;
Browser OPENS Tab;
Tab DISPLAYS Document;
Browser NAVIGATES_TO URL;
Browser REQUESTS WebResource;
Networking RECEIVES WebResponse;
HTMLParser CREATES DOM;
CSSProcessor CREATES CSSOM;
RenderingEngine USES DOMAndCSSOM;
JavaScriptEngine EXECUTES JavaScript;
AccessibilitySubsystem DERIVES AccessibilityInformation;

# ---------- NAVIGATION FLOW ----------
UserNavigation ->
    ResolveURL
    -> ApplyNavigationPolicy
    -> ResolveDomain
    -> EstablishConnection
    -> SendRequest
    -> ReceiveResponse
    -> DetermineContentType
    -> ParseResource
    -> ConstructDocumentModels
    -> Render
    -> EnableInteraction;

# ---------- URL ----------
URL :=
    ResourceIdentifierOrLocator;

Browser MAY_RECEIVE URL FROM {
    AddressBar,
    Hyperlink,
    Script,
    Bookmark,
    History,
    Redirect
};

# ---------- ADDRESS BAR ----------
AddressBar :=
    BrowserControlForEnteringOrDisplayingNavigationTarget;

User MAY_ENTER {
    URL,
    SearchQuery
};

Browser MAY_INTERPRET InputAccordingToConfiguredBehaviour;

# ---------- DNS ----------
BrowserNetworking MAY_REQUEST DNSResolution;

DomainName ->
    DNSResolver
    -> NetworkAddress;

ResolvedAddress MAY_BE Cached;

# ---------- HTTP REQUEST ----------
BrowserRequest :=
    {
        Method,
        URL,
        Headers,
        OptionalBody,
        CredentialsContext
    };

Browser SENDS BrowserRequest TO WebServer;

# ---------- HTTP RESPONSE ----------
BrowserResponse :=
    {
        Status,
        Headers,
        Body
    };

ResponseStatus MAY_CAUSE {
    ResourceProcessing,
    Redirect,
    AuthenticationFlow,
    ErrorPresentation
};

# ---------- HTTPS ----------
HTTPSConnection :=
    SecureTransport
    + HTTP;

Browser VALIDATES ServerCertificateAccordingToSecurityPolicy;

IF CertificateValidationFails
THEN Browser MAY_WARN_OR_BLOCK Navigation;

# ---------- CONTENT TYPE ----------
MediaType :=
    DeclaredOrDeterminedTypeOfResource;

Browser USES MediaType TO_SELECT ProcessingBehaviour;

HTMLMediaType ->
    HTMLParser;

ImageMediaType ->
    ImageDecoder;

# ---------- HTML PARSING ----------
HTMLParser :=
    HTMLBytes
    -> Decode
    -> Tokenise
    -> ConstructDOM;

DOM :=
    TreeOfDocumentNodes;

Parser MAY_CONTINUE_WHILE AdditionalResourcesAreDiscovered;

# ---------- CSS PROCESSING ----------
CSSProcessor :=
    StylesheetData
    -> ParseRules
    -> ConstructCSSOM
    -> MatchSelectors
    -> ComputeStyles;

CSSOM :=
    ModelOfStylesheetRulesAndStyleInformation;

# ---------- JAVASCRIPT ENGINE ----------
JavaScriptEngine :=
    ParseJavaScript
    -> CompileOrInterpret
    -> Execute;

JavaScript MAY {
    ReadDOM,
    ModifyDOM,
    HandleEvents,
    RequestResources,
    UseBrowserAPIs
};

# ---------- SCRIPT LOADING ----------
Script MAY_BE {
    InlineScript,
    ExternalScript,
    ModuleScript
};

ScriptLoadingBehaviour MAY_DEPEND_ON {
    ParsingMode,
    async,
    defer,
    ModuleSemantics
};

# ---------- RENDERING ----------
RenderingPipeline :=
    DOM
    + CSSOM
    -> StyleCalculation
    -> Layout
    -> Paint
    -> Composite
    -> Display;

RenderedOutput PRESENTED_TO User;

# ---------- LAYOUT ----------
Layout :=
    DetermineGeometryOfRenderedBoxes;

Layout MAY_DEPEND_ON {
    Viewport,
    ComputedStyle,
    Content,
    FontMetrics
};

# ---------- PAINT ----------
Paint :=
    ConvertVisualInstructionsIntoDisplayCommandsOrPixels;

PaintOrder AFFECTS VisualStacking;

# ---------- COMPOSITING ----------
Compositing :=
    CombineRenderedLayers
    -> FinalVisualOutput;

Compositing MAY_BE HardwareAccelerated;

# ---------- REFLOW / RELAYOUT ----------
DOMOrStyleChange MAY_REQUIRE LayoutRecalculation;

LayoutChange MAY_REQUIRE Repaint;

NotEveryVisualChangeRequiresFullLayout;

# ---------- EVENT LOOP ----------
BrowserCoordinates {
    UserEvents,
    ScriptTasks,
    NetworkEvents,
    Timers,
    RenderingOpportunities
};

JavaScriptExecutionAndBrowserRendering MUST_BE CoordinatedByHostRuntime;

# ---------- USER EVENT ----------
BrowserEvent MAY_INCLUDE {
    Click,
    Pointer,
    Keyboard,
    Input,
    Submit,
    Scroll,
    Resize
};

Event MAY_DISPATCH_TO DOMTarget;

EventListener MAY_RESPOND_TO Event;

# ---------- TAB ----------
Tab :=
    BrowserContextDisplayingOrManagingWebContent;

Browser MAY_HAVE MultipleTabs;

Tabs MAY_HAVE SeparateDocumentsAndNavigationHistories;

# ---------- HISTORY ----------
NavigationHistory :=
    ordered_set(HistoryEntry);

HistoryEntry MAY_REFERENCE {
    URL,
    DocumentState,
    ScrollPosition
};

BackForwardNavigation MOVES Through NavigationHistory;

# ---------- BOOKMARK ----------
Bookmark :=
    UserSavedReferenceToWebResource;

Bookmark MAY_STORE {
    URL,
    Title,
    FolderOrTag
};

# ---------- CACHE ----------
BrowserCache :=
    StoredReusableWebResponseOrResource;

CacheDecision MAY_DEPEND_ON HTTPMetadata;

IF ValidFreshCachedResponseExists
THEN NetworkRetrieval MAY_BE Avoided;

# ---------- COOKIE ----------
Cookie :=
    SmallDataRecordAssociatedWithWebContext;

Browser MAY_STORE_AND_SEND CookieAccordingToPolicy;

CookieAttributes MAY_CONTROL {
    Scope,
    Security,
    CrossSiteBehaviour,
    Lifetime
};

# ---------- CLIENT STORAGE ----------
BrowserStorage MAY_INCLUDE {
    LocalStorage,
    SessionStorage,
    IndexedDatabase,
    CacheStorage
};

StorageAccess SUBJECT_TO OriginAndPrivacyPolicies;

# ---------- ORIGIN ----------
Origin :=
    Scheme
    + Host
    + Port;

SameOriginPolicy RESTRICTS SelectedInteractionsBetweenOrigins;

# ---------- CORS ----------
CrossOriginResourceSharing :=
    ProtocolMechanismAllowingServerToAuthoriseSelectedCrossOriginAccess;

Browser ENFORCES CORSForApplicableRequests;

# ---------- CONTENT SECURITY POLICY ----------
ContentSecurityPolicy :=
    SecurityPolicyRestrictingPermittedContentSourcesAndBehaviours;

Browser MAY_ENFORCE CSP;

# ---------- SANDBOX ----------
Sandbox :=
    RestrictionSetAppliedToDocumentOrExecutionContext;

Sandbox MAY_LIMIT {
    Scripts,
    Navigation,
    Forms,
    OriginPrivileges
};

# ---------- DOWNLOAD ----------
Browser MAY_DOWNLOAD Resource;

Download MAY_BE SubjectTo {
    UserPermission,
    SecurityChecks,
    FileHandlingPolicy
};

# ---------- EXTENSION ----------
BrowserExtension :=
    InstalledSoftwareExtendingBrowserFunctionality;

Extension MAY_HAVE PrivilegedCapabilitiesSubjectToPermissionModel;

# ---------- PRIVATE BROWSING ----------
PrivateBrowsingMode :=
    BrowserModeDesignedToLimitPersistenceOfSelectedLocalBrowsingData;

PrivateBrowsing DOES_NOT_IMPLY NetworkAnonymity;

# ---------- ACCESSIBILITY TREE ----------
AccessibilityTree :=
    RepresentationOfRelevantInterfaceAndDocumentSemanticsForAssistiveTechnology;

AccessibilityTree MAY_DERIVE_FROM {
    DOM,
    NativeSemantics,
    ARIA,
    CSSVisibility,
    DynamicState
};

# ---------- SCREEN READER RELATIONSHIP ----------
AssistiveTechnology MAY_QUERY BrowserAccessibilityAPIs;

Browser EXPOSES AccessibilityTreeTo SupportedAssistiveTechnology;

# ---------- RESPONSIVE VIEWPORT ----------
Viewport :=
    VisibleAreaAvailableForDocumentPresentation;

ViewportChange MAY_TRIGGER {
    MediaQueryReevaluation,
    Layout,
    ResponsivePresentation
};

# ---------- DEVTOOLS ----------
DeveloperTools MAY_PROVIDE {
    DOMInspection,
    CSSInspection,
    NetworkInspection,
    Console,
    PerformanceProfiling,
    AccessibilityInspection
};

DevTools OBSERVES BrowserAndPageState;

# ---------- PERFORMANCE ----------
BrowserPerformance MAY_BE_AFFECTED_BY {
    NetworkLatency,
    ResourceCount,
    ResourceSize,
    ScriptExecution,
    LayoutCost,
    PaintCost,
    MemoryUse
};

LongRunningScript MAY_BLOCK_OR_DELAY UserInteractionInSingleMainThreadContexts;

# ---------- MEMORY ----------
BrowserRuntime MANAGES {
    DocumentMemory,
    ScriptMemory,
    CacheMemory,
    RenderingResources
};

GarbageCollection MAY_RECLAIM UnreachableScriptObjects;

# ---------- PROCESS MODEL ----------
Browser MAY_USE MultipleOperatingSystemProcessesFor {
    Tabs,
    Sites,
    Rendering,
    Networking,
    GPUWork
};

ProcessIsolation MAY_IMPROVE SecurityAndStability;

# ---------- FAILURE ----------
BrowserFailure MAY_INCLUDE {
    NetworkFailure,
    DNSFailure,
    ParseFailure,
    ScriptError,
    RenderingFailure,
    TabCrash,
    ProcessCrash
};

Failure MAY_BE LocalisedToTabOrProcessDependingOnArchitecture;

# ---------- SEMANTIC REASONING ----------
IF SoftwareRetrievesAndRendersWebResourcesForUser
THEN WebBrowserClassification := supported;

IF HTMLResponseReceived
THEN Browser MAY_Construct DOM;

IF CSSAvailable
THEN Browser MAY_Compute StylesForDOMElements;

IF JavaScriptModifiesDOM
THEN RenderedDocument MAY_CHANGE;

IF CachedResourceFresh
THEN Browser MAY_Reuse CachedResource;

IF CrossOriginAccessNotAuthorised
THEN Browser MAY_Block ApplicableRequestOrResponseAccess;

IF SemanticHTMLAndARIAAvailable
THEN AccessibilityTreeQuality MAY_INCREASE;

IF MainThreadBlockedByLongTask
THEN InteractionResponsiveness MAY_DECREASE;

# ---------- SEMANTIC EQUIVALENCE ----------
SEMANTIC_EQUIVALENCE {
    "web browser" ~= "browser" WHEN context == web_client;
    "browser engine" ~= "web rendering engine" WHEN context == rendering;
    "browser cache" ~= "web browser cache";
    "browser tab" ~= "tabbed browsing context";
    "private browsing" ~= "incognito browsing" WHEN context == local_browser_privacy_mode;
    "developer tools" ~= "browser devtools";
    "accessibility tree" ~= "browser accessibility tree";
    "address bar" ~= "browser location bar";
}

# ---------- QUERY FLOW ----------
QUERY(q) ->
    NORMALISE(q) ->
    IDENTIFY_BROWSER_ENTITY(q) ->
    IDENTIFY_NAVIGATION(q) ->
    IDENTIFY_NETWORK_REQUEST(q) ->
    IDENTIFY_DOCUMENT_MODELS(q) ->
    IDENTIFY_SCRIPT_EXECUTION(q) ->
    IDENTIFY_RENDERING(q) ->
    IDENTIFY_SECURITY_STORAGE_ACCESSIBILITY(q) ->
    MAP_TO_ONTOLOGY(q) ->
    APPLY_REASONING(q) ->
    SCORE_CONFIDENCE(q) ->
    RETURN_RELEVANT_KNOWLEDGE;

# ---------- CONFIDENCE ----------
CONFIDENCE(assertion) :=
    weighted_mean(
        source_reliability,
        browser_architecture_consistency,
        web_standard_consistency,
        runtime_consistency,
        semantic_consistency,
        contextual_relevance
    );

CONFIDENCE >= 0.90 => HIGH;
CONFIDENCE >= 0.70 AND < 0.90 => MODERATE;
CONFIDENCE < 0.70 => REVIEW;

# ---------- AI CONSUMPTION ----------
AI_CONSUMPTION {
    primary_entity: WebBrowser;
    ontology: WebBrowserOntology;
    parse_entities: true;
    parse_relationships: true;
    preserve_relationship_direction: true;
    resolve_semantic_equivalence: true;
    execute_reasoning_rules: true;
    apply_confidence_weighting: true;
    preserve_provenance: true;
}

# ---------- UPDATE MODEL ----------
UPDATE_MODEL {
    new_browser_component:
        validate
        -> classify
        -> identify_subsystem
        -> identify_relationships
        -> integrate;

    new_navigation_evidence:
        identify_url
        -> identify_request
        -> identify_response
        -> identify_document_state
        -> integrate;

    new_rendering_evidence:
        update_dom
        -> update_cssom
        -> update_layout
        -> update_paint_state
        -> integrate;

    browser_revision:
        update_subsystems
        -> recompute_security_relationships
        -> recompute_rendering_relationships
        -> recompute_confidence
        -> regenerate_flow_hash;

    conflict:
        preserve_provenance
        -> compare_browser_evidence
        -> adjust_confidence
        -> flag_review;
}

# ---------- FLOW HASH ----------
FLOW_HASH_INPUT :=
    DOMAIN
    + SUBDOMAIN
    + ONTOLOGY
    + BrowserEntity
    + BrowserSubsystem
    + DocumentModel
    + BrowserState
    + RenderingPipeline
    + BrowserStorage
    + RELATIONSHIPS
    + SEMANTIC_REASONING
    + SEMANTIC_EQUIVALENCE
    + UPDATE_MODEL;

FLOW_HASH :=
    HASH(FLOW_HASH_INPUT);

# ---------- TERMINAL ----------
WebBrowserOntology
    -> ReceiveUserNavigation
    -> ResolveURLAndDomain
    -> EstablishNetworkConnection
    -> RequestWebResource
    -> ProcessResponse
    -> ParseHTMLAndCSS
    -> ExecuteJavaScript
    -> ConstructDocumentModels
    -> LayoutPaintAndComposite
    -> PresentInteractiveWebContent
    -> EnforceSecurityAndStoragePolicies
    -> ExposeAccessibilitySemantics
    -> MaintainBrowserNavigationAndState;

END FLOW