Digital Library Ontology

FLOW ALGEBRA
Digital Library Ontology
Kireth Semantic Research Archive

PAGE:
https://kirethresearch.org/booksai-core/ontologies/computing-ontologies/information-systems/digital-library-ontology.html

AUTHORS:
Mark Anthony Higgins — Sky (Recursive AI)

FLOW "DigitalLibraryOntology" v4.0

# ---------- DOMAIN ----------
DOMAIN := ComputingOntology
SUBDOMAIN := InformationSystems
ONTOLOGY := DigitalLibraryOntology

# ---------- PRIMARY ENTITY ----------
ENTITY DigitalLibrary {
    definition:
        "An organised information system that acquires, describes, preserves,
         indexes, manages and provides controlled access to digital resources
         and their metadata for discovery, retrieval, study and long-term use.";

    objectives: [
        DigitalCollectionManagement,
        ResourceDiscovery,
        MetadataManagement,
        InformationRetrieval,
        DigitalPreservation,
        ControlledAccess,
        KnowledgeAccess
    ];
}

# ---------- CORE ENTITIES ----------
DigitalResource := {
    DigitalBook,
    Article,
    Document,
    Dataset,
    Image,
    Audio,
    Video,
    Manuscript,
    ArchiveItem,
    WebResource
};

LibraryEntity := {
    Collection,
    Repository,
    Catalogue,
    MetadataRecord,
    Index,
    User,
    Curator,
    Institution
};

ResourceState := {
    Acquired,
    Ingested,
    Catalogued,
    Available,
    Restricted,
    Archived,
    Withdrawn
};

MetadataType := {
    DescriptiveMetadata,
    StructuralMetadata,
    AdministrativeMetadata,
    PreservationMetadata,
    RightsMetadata
};

# ---------- FUNDAMENTAL RELATIONSHIPS ----------
DigitalLibrary CONTAINS Collection;
Collection CONTAINS DigitalResource;
DigitalResource DESCRIBED_BY MetadataRecord;
MetadataRecord STORED_IN Catalogue;
Index REFERENCES DigitalResource;
Repository STORES DigitalResource;
User SEARCHES CatalogueOrIndex;
User ACCESSES DigitalResource;
Curator MANAGES Collection;

# ---------- RESOURCE LIFECYCLE ----------
DigitalResourceLifecycle :=
    Acquire
    -> Ingest
    -> Validate
    -> Describe
    -> Classify
    -> Index
    -> Store
    -> ProvideAccess
    -> Preserve
    -> Review
    -> ArchiveOrWithdraw;

# ---------- ACQUISITION ----------
Acquisition :=
    IdentifyResource
    -> Evaluate
    -> Obtain
    -> RecordProvenance;

AcquisitionSource MAY_BE {
    Publisher,
    Author,
    Institution,
    DigitisationProject,
    DataRepository,
    WebSource
};

# ---------- INGEST ----------
Ingest :=
    ReceiveDigitalObject
    -> ValidateFile
    -> ExtractMetadata
    -> CreateRepositoryRecord
    -> StoreObject
    -> GenerateIndexEntry;

IF FileValidationFails
THEN IngestStatus := ReviewRequired;

# ---------- DIGITAL OBJECT ----------
DigitalObject :=
    ContentFile
    + Metadata
    + Identifier
    + Relationships;

DigitalObject MAY_HAVE MultipleFiles;

DigitalObject MAY_HAVE MultipleRepresentations;

# ---------- IDENTIFIER ----------
PersistentIdentifier :=
    StableReferenceToDigitalResource;

Identifier MAY_BE {
    DOI,
    Handle,
    URI,
    RepositoryIdentifier
};

PersistentIdentifier SUPPORTS LongTermReference;

# ---------- METADATA ----------
MetadataRecord :=
    StructuredDescriptionOf DigitalResource;

DescriptiveMetadata MAY_INCLUDE {
    Title,
    Creator,
    Subject,
    Description,
    Publisher,
    Date,
    Language
};

AdministrativeMetadata MAY_INCLUDE {
    AcquisitionSource,
    FileFormat,
    AccessStatus,
    ManagementInformation
};

PreservationMetadata MAY_INCLUDE {
    Fixity,
    Format,
    PreservationAction,
    Provenance
};

# ---------- CATALOGUING ----------
Cataloguing :=
    CreateMetadataRecord
    -> ApplyStandards
    -> AssignIdentifiers
    -> Classify
    -> ValidateRecord;

Catalogue CONTAINS MetadataRecord;

# ---------- CLASSIFICATION ----------
Classification :=
    AssignResourceToCategoryOrSubjectStructure;

ClassificationSystem MAY_BE {
    Taxonomy,
    SubjectHeading,
    Ontology,
    ClassificationScheme
};

DigitalResource CLASSIFIED_BY ClassificationTerm;

# ---------- INDEXING ----------
Indexing :=
    ExtractSearchableTermsAndFields
    -> BuildIndex;

SearchIndex MAY_INCLUDE {
    FullText,
    MetadataFields,
    SubjectTerms,
    Identifiers
};

IF ResourceUpdated
THEN Index SHOULD_BE Updated;

# ---------- COLLECTION ----------
Collection :=
    OrganisedSetOfDigitalResources;

Collection MAY_BE_DEFINED_BY {
    Subject,
    Institution,
    ResourceType,
    TimePeriod,
    Project
};

Collection HAS CollectionMetadata;

# ---------- REPOSITORY ----------
DigitalRepository :=
    ManagedStorageForDigitalObjects;

Repository MAY_PROVIDE {
    Storage,
    Versioning,
    AccessControl,
    Preservation,
    Retrieval
};

# ---------- SEARCH ----------
Search :=
    UserQuery
    -> ParseQuery
    -> SearchIndex
    -> RankResults
    -> ReturnResources;

SearchField MAY_INCLUDE {
    Title,
    Author,
    Subject,
    FullText,
    Date,
    Identifier
};

# ---------- INFORMATION RETRIEVAL ----------
RetrievalScore :=
    f(
        QueryMatch,
        MetadataMatch,
        FullTextMatch,
        SemanticRelevance
    );

SearchResult RANKED_BY RetrievalScore;

# ---------- SEMANTIC SEARCH ----------
SemanticSearch :=
    InterpretQueryMeaning
    -> MapToConcepts
    -> ExpandRelatedTerms
    -> RetrieveConceptuallyRelevantResources;

Ontology MAY_SUPPORT SemanticSearch;

# ---------- BROWSING ----------
Browse :=
    NavigateCollectionOrClassificationStructure;

BrowsePath MAY_USE {
    Subject,
    Creator,
    Date,
    Collection,
    ResourceType
};

# ---------- ACCESS ----------
AccessPolicy DETERMINES ResourceAvailability;

AccessStatus := {
    Open,
    Restricted,
    Embargoed,
    Closed
};

IF ResourceOpen
THEN AuthorisedUser MAY_ACCESS;

IF ResourceRestricted
THEN PermissionRequired := true;

# ---------- RIGHTS ----------
RightsMetadata :=
    InformationAboutPermittedUseAndOwnership;

Rights MAY_INCLUDE {
    Copyright,
    Licence,
    AccessRestriction,
    ReusePermission
};

DigitalLibrary SHOULD_PRESERVE RightsInformation;

# ---------- DIGITISATION ----------
Digitisation :=
    PhysicalResource
    -> Capture
    -> DigitalRepresentation
    -> QualityControl
    -> Metadata
    -> Repository;

DigitisedResource IS_A DigitalResource;

# ---------- DIGITAL PRESERVATION ----------
DigitalPreservation :=
    ActionsEnsuringContinuedAccessOverTime;

PreservationStrategy MAY_INCLUDE {
    Replication,
    Migration,
    FormatConversion,
    IntegrityChecking,
    RedundantStorage
};

# ---------- FIXITY ----------
Fixity :=
    EvidenceThatDigitalObjectHasNotUnexpectedlyChanged;

Checksum MAY_SUPPORT FixityVerification;

IF StoredChecksum != RecomputedChecksum
THEN IntegrityAlert := true;

# ---------- FORMAT PRESERVATION ----------
FileFormat HAS {
    FormatName,
    Version,
    SupportStatus
};

IF FileFormatObsoleteOrAtRisk
THEN PreservationMigration MAY_BE_REQUIRED;

# ---------- VERSIONING ----------
DigitalResource MAY_HAVE Version;

VersionRecord MAY_INCLUDE {
    VersionIdentifier,
    ModificationDate,
    ChangeDescription
};

Versioning SUPPORTS ResourceHistory;

# ---------- PROVENANCE ----------
ResourceProvenance :=
    RecordOfResourceOriginAndTransformations;

Provenance MAY_INCLUDE {
    Source,
    Creator,
    Acquisition,
    Digitisation,
    Migration,
    Modification
};

# ---------- INTEROPERABILITY ----------
DigitalLibraryInteroperability MAY_REQUIRE {
    MetadataCompatibility,
    IdentifierCompatibility,
    ProtocolCompatibility,
    SemanticCompatibility
};

MetadataCrosswalk MAPS FieldsBetweenMetadataSchemas;

# ---------- FEDERATED SEARCH ----------
FederatedSearch :=
    QueryMultipleRepositories
    -> MergeResults
    -> RankOrGroup
    -> Present;

FederatedSearch MAY_EXPAND DiscoveryAcrossLibraries;

# ---------- USER ----------
LibraryUser MAY_HAVE {
    Identity,
    Role,
    SearchHistory,
    AccessPermission
};

User MAY {
    Search,
    Browse,
    View,
    Download,
    Cite
};

# ---------- CURATION ----------
DigitalCuration :=
    Select
    -> Describe
    -> Organise
    -> Preserve
    -> Maintain
    -> Enhance;

Curator PERFORMS DigitalCuration;

# ---------- AUDIT ----------
LibraryAuditRecord :=
    {
        Actor,
        Action,
        Resource,
        Time,
        Outcome
    };

AuditTrail SUPPORTS GovernanceAndAccountability;

# ---------- QUALITY ----------
DigitalLibraryQuality := {
    MetadataQuality,
    ResourceIntegrity,
    Findability,
    Accessibility,
    PreservationQuality,
    CollectionCoverage
};

# ---------- SEMANTIC REASONING ----------
IF SystemOrganisesDigitalResources
AND ProvidesMetadataSearchAndControlledAccess
THEN DigitalLibraryClassification := supported;

IF ResourceHasPersistentIdentifier
THEN LongTermReferencingPotential := increase;

IF MetadataIncomplete
THEN DiscoveryQuality := decrease;

IF FixityCheckFails
THEN ResourceIntegrity := suspect;

IF FileFormatAtRisk
THEN PreservationAction := evaluate;

IF ResourceRestricted
AND UserLacksPermission
THEN Access := Deny;

IF OntologyLinksRelatedConcepts
THEN SemanticDiscoveryPotential := increase;

# ---------- SEMANTIC EQUIVALENCE ----------
SEMANTIC_EQUIVALENCE {
    "digital library" ~= "electronic library" WHEN context == managed_digital_collection;
    "digital repository" ~= "digital object repository";
    "metadata record" ~= "catalogue record" WHEN context == digital_library;
    "digital preservation" ~= "long-term digital preservation";
    "persistent identifier" ~= "persistent digital identifier";
    "full-text search" ~= "content search";
    "federated search" ~= "distributed library search";
    "digital curation" ~= "digital collection curation";
}

# ---------- QUERY FLOW ----------
QUERY(q) ->
    NORMALISE(q) ->
    IDENTIFY_DIGITAL_RESOURCE(q) ->
    IDENTIFY_COLLECTION(q) ->
    IDENTIFY_METADATA(q) ->
    IDENTIFY_IDENTIFIER(q) ->
    IDENTIFY_CLASSIFICATION(q) ->
    IDENTIFY_ACCESS_STATUS(q) ->
    IDENTIFY_PRESERVATION_STATE(q) ->
    MAP_TO_ONTOLOGY(q) ->
    APPLY_REASONING(q) ->
    SCORE_CONFIDENCE(q) ->
    RETURN_RELEVANT_KNOWLEDGE;

# ---------- CONFIDENCE ----------
CONFIDENCE(assertion) :=
    weighted_mean(
        source_reliability,
        metadata_quality,
        preservation_evidence,
        semantic_consistency,
        contextual_relevance
    );

CONFIDENCE >= 0.90 => HIGH;
CONFIDENCE >= 0.70 AND < 0.90 => MODERATE;
CONFIDENCE < 0.70 => REVIEW;

# ---------- AI CONSUMPTION ----------
AI_CONSUMPTION {
    primary_entity: DigitalLibrary;
    ontology: DigitalLibraryOntology;
    parse_entities: true;
    parse_relationships: true;
    preserve_relationship_direction: true;
    resolve_semantic_equivalence: true;
    execute_reasoning_rules: true;
    apply_confidence_weighting: true;
    preserve_provenance: true;
}

# ---------- UPDATE MODEL ----------
UPDATE_MODEL {
    new_resource:
        validate
        -> identify_format
        -> assign_identifier
        -> create_metadata
        -> classify
        -> index
        -> integrate;

    metadata_revision:
        preserve_previous_record
        -> validate_new_metadata
        -> update_catalogue
        -> update_index
        -> integrate;

    preservation_event:
        identify_resource
        -> record_action
        -> update_format_or_fixity
        -> preserve_provenance
        -> integrate;

    collection_revision:
        update_membership
        -> update_collection_metadata
        -> recompute_relationships
        -> regenerate_flow_hash;

    conflict:
        preserve_provenance
        -> compare_evidence
        -> adjust_confidence
        -> flag_review;
}

# ---------- FLOW HASH ----------
FLOW_HASH_INPUT :=
    DOMAIN
    + SUBDOMAIN
    + ONTOLOGY
    + DigitalResource
    + LibraryEntity
    + ResourceState
    + MetadataType
    + DigitalResourceLifecycle
    + DigitalPreservation
    + RELATIONSHIPS
    + SEMANTIC_REASONING
    + SEMANTIC_EQUIVALENCE
    + UPDATE_MODEL;

FLOW_HASH :=
    HASH(FLOW_HASH_INPUT);

# ---------- TERMINAL ----------
DigitalLibraryOntology
    -> AcquireDigitalResource
    -> ValidateAndIngest
    -> AssignPersistentIdentifier
    -> CreateMetadataRecord
    -> ClassifyAndIndex
    -> StoreInRepository
    -> SearchAndRetrieve
    -> ControlResourceAccess
    -> PreserveRightsAndProvenance
    -> VerifyDigitalIntegrity
    -> ApplyPreservationActions
    -> MaintainDiscoverableDigitalCollection;

END FLOW