Serverless Computing Ontology

FLOW ALGEBRA
Serverless Computing Ontology
Kireth Semantic Research Archive

PAGE:
https://kirethresearch.org/booksai-core/ontologies/computing-ontologies/distributed-computing/serverless-computing-ontology.html

AUTHORS:
Mark Anthony Higgins — Sky (Recursive AI)

FLOW "ServerlessComputingOntology" v4.0

# ---------- DOMAIN ----------
DOMAIN := ComputingOntology
SUBDOMAIN := DistributedComputing
ONTOLOGY := ServerlessComputingOntology

# ---------- PRIMARY ENTITY ----------
ENTITY ServerlessComputing {
    definition:
        "A cloud-based distributed computing model in which application code
         or managed services execute on provider-managed infrastructure with
         automated provisioning, scaling and resource management, allowing
         consumers to focus primarily on application logic rather than
         server administration.";

    objectives: [
        InfrastructureAbstraction,
        EventDrivenExecution,
        AutomaticScaling,
        OnDemandExecution,
        ManagedRuntime,
        ResourceEfficiency,
        UsageBasedConsumption
    ];
}

# ---------- CORE ENTITIES ----------
ServerlessEntity := {
    Function,
    Event,
    Trigger,
    Runtime,
    Invocation,
    ManagedService,
    ExecutionEnvironment,
    Provider
};

ServerlessResource := {
    Compute,
    Memory,
    TemporaryStorage,
    Network,
    ExecutionTime
};

FunctionState := {
    Deployed,
    Idle,
    Initialising,
    Running,
    Completed,
    Failed,
    Throttled
};

InvocationType := {
    SynchronousInvocation,
    AsynchronousInvocation,
    EventInvocation
};

# ---------- FUNDAMENTAL RELATIONSHIPS ----------
Provider MANAGES Infrastructure;
Provider PROVIDES ServerlessPlatform;
Developer DEPLOYS Function;
Function EXECUTES_IN ManagedRuntime;
Trigger INITIATES Invocation;
Invocation EXECUTES Function;
Function MAY_ACCESS ManagedService;
Platform ALLOCATES ServerlessResource;
Platform SCALES FunctionInstances;
Platform RELEASES_OR_REUSES ExecutionEnvironment;

# ---------- SERVERLESS EXECUTION ----------
Event ->
    Trigger ->
    Invocation ->
    AllocateExecutionEnvironment ->
    InitialiseRuntimeIfRequired ->
    ExecuteFunction ->
    ProduceResult ->
    ReleaseOrReuseResources;

IF NoInvocationDemand
THEN ActiveComputeResources MAY_SCALE_DOWN;

# ---------- FUNCTION ----------
Function :=
    {
        FunctionIdentifier,
        Code,
        Runtime,
        Configuration,
        TriggerSet,
        ResourceLimits,
        Permissions
    };

Function SHOULD_BE DesignedForDiscreteExecution;

Function MAY_BE {
    StatelessFunction,
    StateAwareFunctionViaExternalService
};

PersistentState SHOULD_TYPICALLY_BE StoredOutsideEphemeralExecutionEnvironment;

# ---------- FUNCTION AS A SERVICE ----------
FunctionAsAService :=
    DeployFunction
    + EventTriggeredExecution
    + ManagedRuntime
    + AutomaticScaling;

FaaS IS_A ServerlessComputingModel;

FunctionAsAService ABSTRACTS {
    ServerProvisioning,
    OperatingSystemManagement,
    RuntimeScaling
};

# ---------- EVENT MODEL ----------
Event :=
    {
        EventType,
        EventSource,
        Payload,
        Timestamp,
        Metadata
    };

EventSource MAY_BE {
    HTTPRequest,
    MessageQueue,
    ObjectStorage,
    DatabaseChange,
    Schedule,
    Stream,
    ApplicationEvent
};

EventSource PRODUCES Event;
Event MATCHES Trigger;
Trigger INVOKES Function;

# ---------- INVOCATION ----------
Invocation :=
    ExecutionRequestFor(Function);

Invocation HAS {
    InvocationIdentifier,
    StartTime,
    Duration,
    Result,
    ResourceUsage
};

InvocationResult := {
    Success,
    Failure,
    Timeout,
    Throttled
};

# ---------- SYNCHRONOUS EXECUTION ----------
SynchronousInvocation ->
    Request ->
    ExecuteFunction ->
    WaitForCompletion ->
    ReturnResponse;

Caller WAITS_FOR InvocationResult;

# ---------- ASYNCHRONOUS EXECUTION ----------
AsynchronousInvocation ->
    AcceptEvent ->
    QueueOrDispatch ->
    ExecuteFunction ->
    RecordOutcome;

Caller DOES_NOT_REQUIRE ImmediateFunctionResult;

# ---------- AUTOMATIC SCALING ----------
ServerlessScaling :=
    InvocationDemand
    -> CreateOrReuseFunctionInstances
    -> ExecuteConcurrentInvocations
    -> ReduceInstancesWhenDemandFalls;

ScalingAction := {
    ScaleOut,
    ScaleIn
};

IF ConcurrentDemand INCREASES
THEN Platform MAY ScaleOut;

IF Demand DECREASES
THEN Platform MAY ScaleIn;

# ---------- CONCURRENCY ----------
FunctionConcurrency :=
    NumberOfSimultaneousFunctionInvocations;

ConcurrencyLimit MAY_RESTRICT FunctionConcurrency;

IF InvocationDemand > AvailableConcurrency
THEN Invocation MAY_BE {
    Queued,
    Throttled,
    Rejected
};

# ---------- COLD START ----------
ColdStart :=
    Invocation
    -> CreateExecutionEnvironment
    -> InitialiseRuntime
    -> LoadFunction
    -> Execute;

WarmStart :=
    Invocation
    -> ReuseExecutionEnvironment
    -> Execute;

ColdStart MAY_INCREASE InvocationLatency;

# ---------- EXECUTION ENVIRONMENT ----------
ExecutionEnvironment :=
    IsolatedRuntimeContextForFunction;

ExecutionEnvironment MAY_CONTAIN {
    Runtime,
    FunctionCode,
    TemporaryStorage,
    EnvironmentConfiguration
};

ExecutionEnvironment MAY_BE Ephemeral;

# ---------- RESOURCE LIMITS ----------
FunctionResourceLimit := {
    MemoryLimit,
    ExecutionTimeLimit,
    ConcurrencyLimit,
    TemporaryStorageLimit,
    PayloadLimit
};

Platform ENFORCES FunctionResourceLimit;

IF ExecutionDuration > ExecutionTimeLimit
THEN InvocationResult := Timeout;

# ---------- STATE MANAGEMENT ----------
ServerlessFunction MAY_BE LogicallyStateless;

ExternalStateService MAY_INCLUDE {
    Database,
    ObjectStorage,
    Cache,
    Queue,
    DistributedStore
};

Function READS_OR_WRITES ExternalStateService;

IF ExecutionEnvironmentDestroyed
THEN LocalEphemeralState MAY_BE Lost;

# ---------- MANAGED SERVICES ----------
ManagedService :=
    ProviderManagedCapability;

ManagedService MAY_INCLUDE {
    DatabaseService,
    QueueService,
    StorageService,
    AuthenticationService,
    APIService,
    EventBus
};

ServerlessApplication MAY_COMPOSE MultipleManagedServices;

# ---------- WORKFLOW ----------
ServerlessWorkflow :=
    FunctionOrServiceSteps
    + ControlFlow
    + StateTransitions;

WorkflowStep MAY_INVOKE Function;

WorkflowEngine COORDINATES ServerlessWorkflow;

# ---------- FAILURE AND RETRY ----------
ServerlessFailure := {
    FunctionError,
    RuntimeError,
    Timeout,
    DependencyFailure,
    Throttling,
    EventDeliveryFailure
};

RetryPolicy MAY_REINVOKE FailedInvocation;

IF InvocationRetried
THEN Idempotency SHOULD_BE Considered;

IF FunctionNotIdempotent
AND DuplicateInvocationOccurs
THEN DuplicateSideEffectRisk := INCREASE;

# ---------- EVENT DELIVERY ----------
EventDelivery MAY_BE {
    AtMostOnce,
    AtLeastOnce,
    ImplementationDependentDelivery
};

AtLeastOnceDelivery MAY_PRODUCE DuplicateInvocation;

Function SHOULD_HANDLE DuplicateEvent WHEN DeliverySemanticsRequire;

# ---------- OBSERVABILITY ----------
ServerlessObservability := {
    InvocationLogs,
    Metrics,
    DistributedTraces,
    ErrorRecords
};

MonitoringSystem OBSERVES FunctionExecution;

Metric MAY_INCLUDE {
    InvocationCount,
    Duration,
    ErrorCount,
    Concurrency,
    ThrottleCount
};

# ---------- SECURITY ----------
ServerlessSecurity MAY_REQUIRE {
    FunctionIdentity,
    Authentication,
    Authorisation,
    LeastPrivilege,
    SecretManagement,
    Encryption,
    DependencySecurity,
    EventValidation
};

Function HAS ExecutionIdentity;
ExecutionIdentity HAS Permissions;

IF FunctionPermission > RequiredPermission
THEN ExcessPrivilege := true;

# ---------- COST / METERING ----------
UsageMeasurement :=
    f(
        InvocationCount,
        ExecutionDuration,
        AllocatedResources,
        ServiceConsumption
    );

ServerlessConsumption MAY_BE MeteredPerUse;

IF NoFunctionExecution
THEN FunctionComputeConsumption MAY_APPROACH ZeroForExecutionLayer;

# ---------- SERVERLESS APPLICATION ----------
ServerlessApplication :=
    SET_OF(
        Functions,
        ManagedServices,
        EventSources,
        Workflows,
        Policies
    );

ServerlessApplication IS_DISTRIBUTED_ACROSS ManagedCloudServices;

# ---------- SERVERLESS VS TRADITIONAL SERVER ----------
TraditionalServerModel REQUIRES ConsumerToManageMoreInfrastructure;

ServerlessComputing SHIFTS InfrastructureManagement TO Provider;

Serverless DOES_NOT_MEAN NoPhysicalServersExist;

# ---------- SEMANTIC REASONING ----------
IF ApplicationCodeExecutesOnProviderManagedRuntime
AND InfrastructureProvisioningAutomated
AND ScalingAutomated
THEN ServerlessClassification := supported;

IF EventMatchesFunctionTrigger
THEN FunctionInvocation := create;

IF NoWarmExecutionEnvironmentAvailable
THEN ColdStart MAY_OCCUR;

IF InvocationRateIncreases
AND PlatformCapacityAvailable
THEN FunctionInstances MAY_SCALE_OUT;

IF InvocationRetried
THEN DuplicateProcessingRisk := evaluate;

IF PersistentStateRequired
THEN ExternalStateService SHOULD_BE Considered;

IF FunctionHasExcessivePermissions
THEN SecurityRisk := increase;

# ---------- SEMANTIC EQUIVALENCE ----------
SEMANTIC_EQUIVALENCE {
    "serverless computing" ~= "serverless architecture" WHEN context == computing_model;
    "function as a service" ~= "FaaS";
    "serverless function" ~= "cloud function" WHEN context == managed_function_execution;
    "function invocation" ~= "serverless invocation";
    "cold start" ~= "cold function start";
    "warm start" ~= "warm function invocation";
    "event trigger" ~= "serverless trigger";
    "managed runtime" ~= "provider-managed runtime";
}

# ---------- QUERY FLOW ----------
QUERY(q) ->
    NORMALISE(q) ->
    IDENTIFY_FUNCTION(q) ->
    IDENTIFY_EVENT_SOURCE(q) ->
    IDENTIFY_TRIGGER(q) ->
    IDENTIFY_INVOCATION(q) ->
    IDENTIFY_RUNTIME(q) ->
    IDENTIFY_SCALING(q) ->
    IDENTIFY_MANAGED_SERVICE(q) ->
    MAP_TO_ONTOLOGY(q) ->
    APPLY_REASONING(q) ->
    SCORE_CONFIDENCE(q) ->
    RETURN_RELEVANT_KNOWLEDGE;

# ---------- CONFIDENCE ----------
CONFIDENCE(assertion) :=
    weighted_mean(
        source_reliability,
        serverless_system_consistency,
        semantic_consistency,
        evidence_strength,
        contextual_relevance
    );

CONFIDENCE >= 0.90 => HIGH;
CONFIDENCE >= 0.70 AND < 0.90 => MODERATE;
CONFIDENCE < 0.70 => REVIEW;

# ---------- AI CONSUMPTION ----------
AI_CONSUMPTION {
    primary_entity: ServerlessComputing;
    ontology: ServerlessComputingOntology;
    parse_entities: true;
    parse_relationships: true;
    preserve_relationship_direction: true;
    resolve_semantic_equivalence: true;
    execute_reasoning_rules: true;
    apply_confidence_weighting: true;
    preserve_provenance: true;
}

# ---------- UPDATE MODEL ----------
UPDATE_MODEL {
    new_function:
        validate
        -> identify_runtime
        -> identify_triggers
        -> identify_permissions
        -> integrate;

    new_event_source:
        validate
        -> classify
        -> map_trigger
        -> identify_delivery_semantics
        -> integrate;

    new_managed_service:
        validate
        -> classify
        -> identify_function_relationships
        -> integrate;

    execution_revision:
        update_runtime_state
        -> update_scaling_state
        -> update_failure_state
        -> recompute_confidence
        -> regenerate_flow_hash;

    conflict:
        preserve_provenance
        -> compare_evidence
        -> adjust_confidence
        -> flag_review;
}

# ---------- FLOW HASH ----------
FLOW_HASH_INPUT :=
    DOMAIN
    + SUBDOMAIN
    + ONTOLOGY
    + ServerlessEntity
    + ServerlessResource
    + FunctionState
    + InvocationType
    + ServerlessApplication
    + RELATIONSHIPS
    + SEMANTIC_REASONING
    + SEMANTIC_EQUIVALENCE
    + UPDATE_MODEL;

FLOW_HASH :=
    HASH(FLOW_HASH_INPUT);

# ---------- TERMINAL ----------
ServerlessComputingOntology
    -> DefineFunction
    -> ConfigureRuntime
    -> ConnectEventSource
    -> EstablishTrigger
    -> ReceiveEvent
    -> CreateInvocation
    -> AllocateManagedExecutionEnvironment
    -> ExecuteFunction
    -> AccessManagedServices
    -> ScaleWithDemand
    -> RecordUsageAndTelemetry
    -> ReleaseOrReuseResources
    -> MaintainServerlessApplication;

END FLOW