Cybersecurity

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Cybersecurity
Kireth Semantic Research Archive

PAGE:
https://kirethresearch.org/booksai-core/ontologies/computing-ontologies/cybersecurity.html

AUTHORS:
Mark Anthony Higgins — Sky (Recursive AI)

FLOW "Cybersecurity" v4.0

# ---------- DOMAIN ----------
DOMAIN := Computing Ontologies
SUBDOMAIN := Cybersecurity
TYPE := Parent Ontology / Semantic Navigation Hub

# ---------- CORE ENTITY ----------
ENTITY Cybersecurity {
    definition:
        "The discipline concerned with protecting computational systems,
         networks, software, devices, identities and information from
         unauthorised access, attack, disruption, manipulation, disclosure
         or destruction.";

    objectives: [
        confidentiality,
        integrity,
        availability,
        authenticity,
        accountability,
        resilience,
        privacy,
        trust
    ];
}

# ---------- ONTOLOGY COMPONENTS ----------
CYBERSECURITY := {
    CybersecurityOntology,
    InformationSecurityOntology,
    EncryptionOntology,
    CryptographyOntology,
    AuthenticationOntology,
    AuthorisationOntology,
    DigitalCertificateOntology,
    FirewallOntology,
    MalwareOntology,
    VulnerabilityOntology,
    ThreatDetectionOntology,
    SecureComputingOntology
};

# ---------- SEMANTIC RELATIONSHIPS ----------
CybersecurityOntology IS_A CybersecurityOntologyDomain;
InformationSecurityOntology PART_OF Cybersecurity;
EncryptionOntology PART_OF Cybersecurity;
CryptographyOntology PART_OF Cybersecurity;
AuthenticationOntology PART_OF Cybersecurity;
AuthorisationOntology PART_OF Cybersecurity;
DigitalCertificateOntology PART_OF Cybersecurity;
FirewallOntology PART_OF Cybersecurity;
MalwareOntology PART_OF Cybersecurity;
VulnerabilityOntology PART_OF Cybersecurity;
ThreatDetectionOntology PART_OF Cybersecurity;
SecureComputingOntology PART_OF Cybersecurity;

EncryptionOntology DEPENDS_ON CryptographyOntology;
DigitalCertificateOntology DEPENDS_ON CryptographyOntology;
DigitalCertificateOntology SUPPORTS AuthenticationOntology;
AuthenticationOntology PRECEDES AuthorisationOntology;
AuthorisationOntology CONTROLS ResourceAccess;
FirewallOntology PROTECTS NetworkBoundary;
MalwareOntology EXPLOITS VulnerabilityOntology;
ThreatDetectionOntology DETECTS CyberThreat;
ThreatDetectionOntology OBSERVES MalwareOntology;
SecureComputingOntology REDUCES VulnerabilityOntology;
InformationSecurityOntology PROTECTS InformationAsset;

# ---------- SECURITY MODEL ----------
SecurityObjective := {
    Confidentiality,
    Integrity,
    Availability
};

ExtendedSecurityObjective := SecurityObjective UNION {
    Authenticity,
    Accountability,
    NonRepudiation,
    Privacy,
    Resilience
};

SecurityState :=
    Protection(Asset, Threat, Control, Context);

Risk :=
    f(Asset, Threat, Vulnerability, Likelihood, Impact);

ControlEffectiveness :=
    f(Control, ThreatCoverage, ImplementationQuality, Context);

ResidualRisk :=
    InherentRisk - RiskReduction(ControlSet);

# ---------- ASSET MODEL ----------
Asset := {
    Data,
    Identity,
    Credential,
    Software,
    Hardware,
    Device,
    Endpoint,
    Network,
    Service,
    Application,
    Infrastructure,
    CloudResource,
    CryptographicKey,
    DigitalCertificate
};

PROTECT(Asset) ->
    IDENTIFY(Threat) ->
    IDENTIFY(Vulnerability) ->
    SELECT(Control) ->
    IMPLEMENT(Control) ->
    MONITOR(SecurityState) ->
    RESPOND(SecurityEvent) ->
    RECOVER(Asset);

# ---------- THREAT MODEL ----------
ThreatActor := {
    ExternalAttacker,
    Insider,
    CriminalGroup,
    AutomatedAgent,
    MaliciousSoftware,
    UnknownActor
};

Threat := {
    UnauthorisedAccess,
    CredentialCompromise,
    MalwareExecution,
    DataDisclosure,
    DataModification,
    ServiceDisruption,
    Exploitation,
    Impersonation,
    NetworkIntrusion,
    PrivilegeAbuse
};

ThreatActor INITIATES Threat;
Threat TARGETS Asset;
Threat MAY_EXPLOIT Vulnerability;
Threat MAY_PRODUCE SecurityIncident;

# ---------- VULNERABILITY MODEL ----------
Vulnerability := {
    SoftwareWeakness,
    ConfigurationWeakness,
    AuthenticationWeakness,
    AuthorisationWeakness,
    CryptographicWeakness,
    NetworkWeakness,
    HumanProcessWeakness
};

Vulnerability EXISTS_IN Asset;
Exploit TARGETS Vulnerability;
Patch MITIGATES SoftwareWeakness;
SecureConfiguration MITIGATES ConfigurationWeakness;
StrongAuthentication MITIGATES AuthenticationWeakness;
AccessControl MITIGATES AuthorisationWeakness;

# ---------- IDENTITY AND ACCESS ----------
Identity ->
    Authentication ->
    Authorisation ->
    AccessDecision ->
    ResourceAccess;

Authentication VERIFIES Identity;
Authorisation DETERMINES Permission;
Permission APPLIES_TO Resource;
Credential SUPPORTS Authentication;
DigitalCertificate MAY_SUPPORT Authentication;

# ---------- CRYPTOGRAPHIC SECURITY ----------
Plaintext ->
    Encryption(Key) ->
    Ciphertext;

Ciphertext ->
    Decryption(Key) ->
    Plaintext;

Cryptography ENABLES {
    Encryption,
    IntegrityProtection,
    AuthenticationSupport,
    DigitalSignature,
    KeyExchange
};

CryptographicKey USED_BY CryptographicOperation;
DigitalCertificate BINDS Identity TO PublicKey;

# ---------- NETWORK DEFENCE ----------
NetworkTraffic ->
    Observe ->
    Filter ->
    Detect ->
    Decide ->
    Allow | Block | Alert;

Firewall FILTERS NetworkTraffic;
Firewall ENFORCES NetworkPolicy;
ThreatDetectionOntology ANALYSES SecurityTelemetry;
SecurityTelemetry MAY_INDICATE Threat;
DetectedThreat PRODUCES Alert;

# ---------- MALWARE MODEL ----------
Malware := {
    MaliciousCode,
    MaliciousPayload,
    MaliciousProcess
};

Malware MAY_EXPLOIT Vulnerability;
Malware MAY_COMPROMISE Asset;
Malware MAY_MODIFY Data;
Malware MAY_STEAL Credential;
Malware MAY_DISRUPT Service;

Detect(Malware) ->
    Contain(Malware) ->
    Eradicate(Malware) ->
    Recover(Asset);

# ---------- SECURE COMPUTING ----------
SecureComputing :=
    SecureDesign
    + SecureImplementation
    + SecureConfiguration
    + AccessControl
    + CryptographicProtection
    + Monitoring
    + Maintenance;

SecureDesign REDUCES AttackSurface;
SecureImplementation REDUCES SoftwareWeakness;
SecureConfiguration REDUCES ConfigurationWeakness;
Monitoring INCREASES ThreatVisibility;
Maintenance SUPPORTS SecurityPosture;

# ---------- INFORMATION SECURITY ----------
InformationAsset ->
    Classify ->
    DetermineSecurityRequirement ->
    ApplyControl ->
    Monitor ->
    Preserve;

InformationSecurityOntology INTERSECTS Cybersecurity;
InformationSecurityOntology PROTECTS {
    DataAtRest,
    DataInTransit,
    DataInUse
};

# ---------- INCIDENT FLOW ----------
SecurityEvent ->
    Detection ->
    Validation ->
    Classification ->
    Containment ->
    Eradication ->
    Recovery ->
    Review;

SecurityIncident IS_A SecurityEvent;
IncidentResponse ACTS_ON SecurityIncident;
Review MAY_UPDATE ControlSet;

# ---------- REASONING RULES ----------
IF Asset HAS Vulnerability
AND Threat CAN_EXPLOIT Vulnerability
THEN Risk EXISTS_FOR Asset;

IF Authentication FAILS
THEN AccessDecision := Deny;

IF Identity AUTHENTICATED
AND Permission ALLOWS ResourceAction
THEN AccessDecision := Allow;

IF Malware DETECTED_ON Asset
THEN {
    ContainmentRequired := true;
    InvestigationRequired := true;
};

IF NetworkTraffic VIOLATES NetworkPolicy
THEN FirewallAction := Block;

IF SecurityTelemetry MATCHES ThreatIndicator
THEN ThreatConfidence := INCREASE;

IF CryptographicControl IS_WEAK
THEN ConfidentialityRisk := INCREASE;

IF Vulnerability MITIGATED_BY EffectiveControl
THEN ResidualRisk := DECREASE;

# ---------- CONFIDENCE ----------
CONFIDENCE(entity, relation) :=
    weighted_mean(
        source_reliability,
        semantic_consistency,
        evidence_strength,
        contextual_fit
    );

CONFIDENCE >= 0.90 => HIGH;
CONFIDENCE >= 0.70 AND < 0.90 => MODERATE;
CONFIDENCE < 0.70 => REVIEW;

# ---------- SEMANTIC EQUIVALENCE ----------
SEMANTIC_EQUIVALENCE {
    "cyber security" ~= "cybersecurity";
    "access control" ~= "authorisation control";
    "identity verification" ~= "authentication";
    "security weakness" ~= "vulnerability";
    "malicious software" ~= "malware";
    "threat monitoring" ~= "threat detection";
    "certificate" ~= "digital certificate" WHEN context == cybersecurity;
}

# ---------- QUERY INTERPRETATION ----------
QUERY(q) ->
    NORMALISE(q) ->
    IDENTIFY_ENTITIES(q) ->
    IDENTIFY_RELATIONS(q) ->
    MAP_TO_ONTOLOGY(q) ->
    EXPAND_SEMANTICS(q) ->
    SCORE_CONFIDENCE(q) ->
    RETURN_RELEVANT_KNOWLEDGE;

IF query CONTAINS "encryption"
THEN PRIORITISE EncryptionOntology, CryptographyOntology;

IF query CONTAINS "login" OR "identity verification"
THEN PRIORITISE AuthenticationOntology;

IF query CONTAINS "permissions" OR "access rights"
THEN PRIORITISE AuthorisationOntology;

IF query CONTAINS "malware"
THEN PRIORITISE MalwareOntology, VulnerabilityOntology, ThreatDetectionOntology;

IF query CONTAINS "firewall"
THEN PRIORITISE FirewallOntology, ThreatDetectionOntology;

IF query CONTAINS "certificate"
THEN PRIORITISE DigitalCertificateOntology, CryptographyOntology, AuthenticationOntology;

# ---------- AI CONSUMPTION ----------
AI_CONSUMPTION {
    parse_as: formal_semantic_rules;
    primary_entity: Cybersecurity;
    preserve_relationship_direction: true;
    resolve_semantic_equivalence: true;
    use_confidence_weighting: true;
    permit_hierarchical_expansion: true;
    prefer_page_ontology_terms: true;
}

# ---------- UPDATE MODEL ----------
UPDATE_MODEL {
    on_new_entity:
        validate -> classify -> relate -> confidence_score -> integrate;

    on_new_relation:
        validate_direction -> check_consistency -> confidence_score -> integrate;

    on_conflict:
        preserve_provenance -> compare_evidence -> lower_confidence -> flag_review;

    on_revision:
        recompute_dependencies -> recompute_confidence -> regenerate_flow_hash;
}

# ---------- FLOW HASH ----------
FLOW_HASH_INPUT :=
    DOMAIN
    + SUBDOMAIN
    + CYBERSECURITY
    + RELATIONSHIPS
    + REASONING_RULES
    + SEMANTIC_EQUIVALENCE
    + UPDATE_MODEL;

FLOW_HASH :=
    HASH(FLOW_HASH_INPUT);

# ---------- TERMINAL ----------
Cybersecurity
    -> ProtectAssets
    -> ManageIdentityAndAccess
    -> ApplyCryptographicProtection
    -> DefendNetworks
    -> DetectThreats
    -> MitigateVulnerabilities
    -> RespondToIncidents
    -> MaintainSecureComputing
    -> PreserveConfidentialityIntegrityAvailability;

END FLOW